• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.217-230
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 고정 블록이 포함된 회로를 대상으로 하는 새로운 CBL 기반 평면계획 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 CBL 기반의 고정블록 평면계획의 문제점을 파악하고 이를 개선하였다. 제안한 방법은 자유 블록 만으로 구성된 CBL에 고정블록을 삽입하여 윈래 CBL과 그 위상이 유사하고 패킹이 가능한 새로운 CBL을 만드는 방법으로 이를 시뮬레이티드 어닐링에 적용하여 평면계획을 수행한다. 실험결과는 우리가 제안한 평면계획 방법이 고정블록을 효과적이고 효율적으로 배치할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.472-477
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• 2006

This study aims at investigating the failure cases of the pre-cast block system in river environments which widely used nowadays and reviewing the effect and flow resistance for grass concrete structure through the physical experiments by hydraulic model test and developing application method in river slope or levee which has rigid flood resistance. Grass concrete structure has been independently tested under high velocity flow under the super critical condition, it survived the 8 m/sec maximum flow velocity. This results shows grass concrete system is also suited to use in aggressive river environments such as repairing a flood damaged embankment that had placed at risk the adjacent drainage channel with vegetation.

• 대한정형외과 초음파학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2014

목적: 미추 경막외 차단술은 요통과 하지 방사통에 효과적으로 외래환자의 치료에 자주 사용되고 있으나 임상 경험이 풍부한 의사에 의해 시술되어도 25%의 실패율이 보고되고 있다. 저자들은 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술의 유효성을 추간판 탈출증 환자군과 척추관 협착증 환자군으로 나누어 결과를 비교하였다. 대상 및 방법: 요통과 하지 방사통을 호소하여 본원 외래에 내원한 55명의 환자를 대상으로 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술을 시행하였다. 환자를 복와위 자세로 눕힌 후 방사형 탐지자(round probe)를 이용하여 22게이지 바늘이 천-미추막을 통과한 것을 확인 후 약물을 투여하였다. 추간판 탈출증 환자군은 31명이었으며, 척추관 협착증 환자군은 24명이었다. 임상적 평가는 시각통증척도(VAS)를 이용하여 통증의 변화를 평가하였으며, 시행 전, 시행 후, 시행 2주 후, 시행 4주 후 전화 인터뷰와 외래 방문 시 조사하였다. 결과: 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술은 55예 중 53예에서 바늘이 성공적으로 삽입되어 96.4%의 성공률을 보였다. 추간판 탈출증 환자군과 척추관 협착증 환자군에서 성별의 차이는 없었으나 나이는 추간판 탈출증군에서 $42.3{\pm}10.8$세로 척추관 협착증군의 $62.8{\pm}15.1$세와 비교할 때 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). 시각통증척도는 추간판 탈출증 군에서 시행 전 6.8, 시행 후 3.1, 시행 2주 후 1.8, 시행 4주 후 1.77로 나타났으며, 척추관 협착증 군에서 시행 전6.9, 시행 후 3.6, 시행 2주 후 4.3, 시행 4주 후 4.9로 나타났다. 시행 전에 비해 시행 후 시각통증척도는 양 군에서 유의하게 호전되었으며(p<0.001), 나이를 보정한 후의 결과, 시간에 따라 양 군간 시각통증척도의 차이는 통계적으로 유의하였다(p<0.001). 결론: 초음파 유도하 미추 경막외 차단술은 높은 성공률을 보이며 척추관 협착증 환자군에 비해 추간판 탈출증 환자군에서 더 효과적인 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2020

We studied the change of photovoltaic properties of a flexible CuIn_xGa(_1-x)Se₂ (CIGS) solar cell fabricated on polyimide by mechanical bending with curvature radii of 75 mm (75R) and 20 mm (20R). The flexible CIGS cells were flattened on a PET film, then placed and forced against the surface of a curved block fabricated with pre-designed curvatures. Both up (compressive) and down (tensile) bending were applied to a specimen of CIGS on PET with curvatures of 75R and 20R for 10,000 times and 2,000 times, respectively. From J-V measurements, we found that the conversion efficiency (Eff.) was reduced by 3% and 4% for up-and down-bending, respectively, at curvature 75R; it was greatly reduced by 15% for curvature 20R in the up-bending. However, the open circuit voltage (V_oc) and short-circuit current density (J_sc) seemed to change little, within 3%, for the applied mechanical stresses. The degradation in Eff. resulted from the deterioration of the series (R_s) and shunt (R_sh) resistances of the solar cell.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2008

The objective of this work was to evaluate the germination of 12 rice genotypes under propionic acid stress, a phytotoxic compound produced in low drainage soils with high organic matter content. The tests were conducted with the first count of germination (PCG) and germination (G) of the genotypes subjective to 0, 3, 6, and 9 mM propionic acid concentrations. The seeds of each genotype were placed in germitest paper pre-soaked in treatment solutions forming individual bags. The germination was performed at $25^{\circ}C$ and the counts were carried out at 7 (PCG) and 14 days (G). A factorial random block design was performed with four replications of 50 seeds per genotype. Our study revealed that doses up to 9 mM propionic acid in the pre-soaking solution were efficient for genetic variability studies involving the character germination in rice; genetic variability for germination was detected in the collection of rice genotypes when subjected to propionic acid toxic effects. The genotypes Guichow, Dawn, and Toride-1 showed germination stability when subjected to increasing levels of propionic acid, and genotypes originated from irrigated system-cultivation performed better when subjected to propionic acid stress. These three genotypes will be a good biological material to for enhance the resistance to phytotoxic compounds in rice.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제1권
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• pp.51-71
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• 1979

During last five years several workshops and seminars among social work educators, in and out country, has taken place. In those gatherings there has been, criticism on American model on which curriculum of social work in Korea has mainly based, and many proposals which most developing countries should consider and adopt for developing their own curriculums. The proposals could be summarized as follows; 1. Specification of developmental functions of social work should be made so that the curriculum could involve. It also must come from own societal needs and own national development task. 2. Social work should participate and make contribution to plan and solve the main social problems in own countries. 3. Clarification of educational objective in undergraduate level should be made and one of them must be related to the first professional degree. 4. There should be the courses which provide the content of macro level participation. How much of the proposals are reflected in the current curriculum of Korea? What are the problems Korean social work education has been faced in connection with reflecting the proposals? What kinds of task we should or could perform in order to adopt the proposals? These are the questions which deserved to be studied. The followings are the answers to the questions; 1. The new courses such as social welfare policy and planning, Social Development, Population Dynamics and Family Planning, Social problems, Special Issues in Social Welfare, etc, are placed in the curriculum. 2. Though the new courses are added the courses of case work, group work, and community organization are strongly remained it means that integrative method is not quite adopted and that conflicts are taking place between new and old fashion. 3. Fieldwork placement policy has been changes from concurrent to block and from social work method oriented to social problem oriented. 4. There are lack of integration among the all courses, of consistency between pre and post courses and connection among the related courses. 5. Establishment of image of social worker with B, A. degree should be urgently taken place. It can't be done by social work field alone but by cooperation with all the forces related to the social work practice. 6. B. A. graduate should have a common base of knowledge and competence. It could be come from the clear and specified objectives of undergraduate level education. And agreement among the member schools on the objectives can call on the fundamental similarities in each curriculums. Different programs from one school to another can be tolerated as long as there are fundamental similarities among the schools. Basic concepts and framework of social work should be kept clearly. It is a slow and long process to make social work recognized as a profession in the developing countries. Korea can't be and exception. Failure of having social work be indegenous can't be the reason to refuse an change the basic concepts of social work. One of he most important task which social work education in Korea must achieve in the near future is to establish the minimum requirement courses in the curriculum. Social work field, on the other hand, must find the positions for the social works in the various settings and institute. Clear role and image of social worker can be obtained by doing that.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.413-426
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• 2023

본 연구는 친환경 벼 재배지에서 왕우렁이의 생태계 유출을 예방하며 논잡초 제거를 위하여 안전하게 사용할 수 있는 방법 개발을 위하여 2021년부터 2023년까지 3년 동안 연구하였다. 전남 남부지역에서 벼를 심은 후 논에 넣은 왕우렁이 치패는 7월 중순경 성패가 되어 산란을 시작한다. 이 개체는 물이 마르지 않은 배수로에서 월동할 수 있지만, 7월 중순 이후 부화한 개체는 월동할 수 있을 만큼 성장하지 못한다. 배수로에서 월동한 왕우렁이의 크기는 각고 2.5 cm 이상이었다. 입수구에 그물망을 설치하면 왕우렁이 유입을 95% 차단할 수 있었고, 배수구에 개량물꼬와 그물망 설치로 유출차단효과는 99%였다. 중간물떼기와 수확 전 논 건조할 때 동력논배토기로 물길을 만들었다. 물길에 유인되어 수거한 왕우렁이는 59.5%이었고, 물길조성과 왕우렁이 수거작업은 130분이 소요되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 논에서 왕우렁이 안전사용을 위한 시기별 논 관리요령을 제시하였다. 이앙 전(4월 하순~5월 하순)에는 논둑정비, 입수구 물꼬차단망과 배수구 개량물꼬 설치, 월동 왕우렁이 방제, 이앙기(5월 하순~6월 상순)는 논둑에서 30 cm 안쪽으로 30일묘 이앙, 이앙 5일 후 치패 1.2 kg/10a 투입, 중간물떼기(7월 상중순)에는 물길 조성하여 왕우렁이 수거, 재배 후기(7월 하순~9월 중순) 수위 조절, 물길 조성하여 왕우렁이 수거 또는 유기농업자재 활용 방제, 수확 후(10월 중순~4월 중순)에는 논 깊이갈기 및 건조관리이다.