• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.247-262
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the types of perception toward non-face-to-face clinical practice and to characterize the types of students who experienced online clinical practice during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Q-methodology was used in this study, and 270 Q populations were formed based on in-depth interviews with 10 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice, as well as related literature. Interviews were performed from August 1 to 31, 2022. A total of 42 Q samples were extracted, and Q sorting was performed on 33 nursing students who had experienced non-face-to-face clinical practice. A Q factor analysis was performed using the PC-QUANL program. Results: The nursing students' perceptions of non-face-to-face clinical practice were classified into the following five types: "future professional competency-focused type," "realistic convenience priority type," "task burden awareness type," "negative critic type," and "limited experience dissatisfaction type." Conclusion: This study revealed non-face-to-face clinical practice's positive and negative aspects in nursing education. Moreover, it identified the aspects of clinical practice that cannot be replaced by non-face-to-face clinical practice and the elements of non-face-to-face practice that can complement clinical practice. These findings can be used as fundamental data to establish a stable and efficient system for improving the quality of clinical practice in the post-COVID-19 era and to implement effective non-face-to-face clinical practice according to student types.

• Journal of Korean Dental Hygiene Science
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the self-efficacy of dental hygiene students and their satisfaction with clinical practice to provide information for developing programs aimed at instilling self-efficacy and boosting satisfaction with clinical practice. Methods: A self-reported survey was conducted with dental hygiene students in the metropolitan area. Of those surveys distributed, 243 questionnaires were analyzed. Results: The results of this study are as follows: 1. Regarding self-efficacy, the subjects had a mean result of 2.96(out of five points), and 3.09 points in satisfaction with clinical practice. 2. As for the subfactors of self-efficacy, the students who got higher grades, whose awareness of dental hygienists was better and whose awareness of dental hygienists after on-site clinical practice was better scored higher in terms of confidence and self-regulation. In task difficulty preference, the students who were more satisfied with majoring in dental hygiene and whose awareness of dental hygienists was better scored higher. In terms of motivation for choosing the dental hygiene department, the students scored higher when the department was their preferred option. 3. In satisfaction with clinical practice, the students who were aware of dental hygienists at the time of college entrance was better. Those whose awareness of dental hygienists after experiencing clinical practice was better and who were more satisfied with majoring in dental hygiene expressed more satisfaction with clinical practice. 4. Satisfaction with clinical practice was higher when self-efficacy was better. Conclusions: Based on the above results, it is thought that developing programs that can enhance self-efficacy and include on-site clinical practice would be beneficial as higher self-efficacy levels were related to higher clinical practice satisfaction.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.363-380
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• 2023

This study analyzed the difficulties and mathematical modeling knowledge improvement that an elementary school teacher experienced in modifying a mathematics textbook task to a mathematical modeling task. To this end, an elementary school teacher with 10 years of experience participated in teacher-researcher community's repeated discussions and modified the average task in the data and pattern domain of the 5th grade. The results are as followings. First, in the process of task modification, the teacher had difficulties in reflecting reality, setting the appropriate cognitive level of mathematical modeling tasks, and presenting detailed tasks according to the mathematical modeling process. Second, through repeated task modifications, the teacher was able to develop realistic tasks considering the mathematical content knowledge and students' cognitive level, set the cognitive level of the task by adjusting the complexity and openness of the task, and present detailed tasks through thought experiments on students' task-solving process, which shows that teachers' mathematical modeling knowledge, including the concept of mathematical modeling and the characteristics of the mathematical modeling task, has improved. The findings of this study suggest that, in terms of the mathematical modeling teacher education, it is necessary to provide teachers with opportunities to improve their mathematical modeling task development competency through textbook task modification rather than direct provision of mathematical modeling tasks, experience mathematical modeling theory and practice together, and participate in teacher-researcher communities.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 2019

Background: Few studies have examined the effects of a forward rotating shift pattern on police employee performance and well-being. This study sought to compare sleep duration, cognitive performance, and vigilance at the start and end of each shift within a three-shift, forward rotating shift pattern, common in United Kingdom police forces. Methods: Twenty-three police employee participants were recruited from North Yorkshire Police (mean age, 43 years). The participants were all working the same, 10-day, forward rotating shift pattern. No other exclusion criteria were stipulated. Sleep data were gathered using both actigraphy and self-reported methods; cognitive performance and vigilance were assessed using a customized test battery, comprising five tests: motor praxis task, visual object learning task, NBACK, digital symbol substitution task, and psychomotor vigilance test. Statistical comparisons were conducted, taking into account the shift type, shift number, and the start and end of each shift worked. Results: Sleep duration was found to be significantly reduced after night shifts. Results showed a significant main effect of shift type in the visual object learning task and NBACK task and also a significant main effect of start/end in the digital symbol substitution task, along with a number of significant interactions. Conclusion: The results of the tests indicated that learning and practice effects may have an effect on results of some of the tests. However, it is also possible that due to the fast rotating nature of the shift pattern, participants did not adjust to any particular shift; hence, their performance in the cognitive and vigilance tests did not suffer significantly as a result of this particular shift pattern.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2013.01a
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• pp.80-86
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• 2013

Knotworking represents a distributed collaborative expertise in pursuit of a task that is organized among designers from different design disciplines. Construction processes involve phases and tasks that cannot be solved in one organization only, as integration of expert knowledge from various sources is needed. Through knotworking, groups of people, tasks and tools are set to work intensively for a short period of time to solve a problem or accomplish a task. Knotworking requires intensive collaboration across organizational boundaries and hierarchies. The practice of knotworking has been developed and applied in the development of healthcare organizations, libraries and school-university relationships, but it has not previously been applied in the construction industry. In this paper, we describe the concept of knotworking and the findings of a case study that we completed in the Finnish construction industry. We will also compare the similarities and differences of the Big Room and knotworking in terms of participants, duration, target, space/infrastructure, benefits and challenges. Finally, we present some suggestions for further research and experimentation on knotworking in construction projects.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.1303-1306
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• 2004

We developed a symmetrical upper limb motion trainer for chronic hemiparetic subjects. This trainer enabled the practice of a forearm pronatio $n^ination and wrist flexion/extension. In this study, we have used functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) with the developed symmetrical upper limb motion device, to compare brain activation patterns elicited by flexion/extension wrist movements of control and hemiparetic subject group. In control group, contralateral somatosensory cortex(SMC) and bilateral cerebellum were activated by dominant hand movement(Task 1), while bilateral movements by dominant hand(Task 2) activated the SMC in both cerebral hemispheres and ipsilateral cerebellum. However, in hemiparetic subject group, contralateral supplymentary motor area(SMA) was activated by unaffected hand movement(Task 1), while the activation of bilateral movements by unaffected hand(Task 2) showed only SMA in the undamaged hemisphere. This study, demonstrating the ability to accurately measure activation in both sensory and motor cortex, is currently being extended to patients in clinical applications such as the recovery of motor function after stroke.ke.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.482-490
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• 2014

Purpose: This research compares self-leadership, team efficacy, problem solving processes and task satisfaction in response to teaching methods applied to nursing students, and determines whether variations exist. Method: This research experiments before and after the training of a nonequivalent group. The subjects were 36 learners of action learning methods and 39 learners of nursing course methods, and the research took place from October through December 2012. Results: Prior to the training, the general features and measurable variables of the two groups of subjects were similar, and self-leadership, team efficacy, problem solving process and task satisfaction in both groups were elevated compared to pre-training. In particular, in comparison with the nursing course, there was a notable difference in scores, the action learning method receiving high scores in the problem solving process (t=2.92, p=.005) and task satisfaction (t=2.54, p=.013) Conclusion: It is recommended that educators not only conduct the practice training course for teaching methods, but also incorporate action learning.

• Journal of Korean Academic Society of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.33-45
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to present the desirable level of home health care services by identifying the roles and activities by task of home health nursing specialists as well as to raise the level of professionalism in home health care services. Method : This is a methodological study. The roles and activities by task were identified through a review of literature and a state-of-the-practice survey, and were structured into a questionnaire after being reviewed and modified through a consensus of experts. The field survey was conducted on 136 home health nursing specialists at medical institutions, public health centers. public medical institutions, non-governmental organizations, and religious institutions in Seoul, Gyeonggi Province. Incheon, Busan, Daegu, and Gwanggju from June 4 to August 4. 2004. Seven roles. 34 tasks and 130 activities were identified in association with home health nursing specialists. Result : The roles of home health nursing specialists were identified as professional nursing service provider, advisor, educator, administrator, case manager, researcher and leader. Under these roles. 34 tasks and 134 task-specific activities were identified. Conclusion : The the roles and activities of home health nursing specialist identified in this study can be used in various home health care settings. These the roles and activities should provide the evaluation criteria of home health care services for institutions with existing home health care programs. An evaluation tool should be developed in order to ensure the hish quality of home health care services.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.212-215
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• 2019

Purpose: This study examined whether there is a difference in motor learning through short-term repetitive movement practice in stroke survivors with a unilateral brain injury compared to normal elderly participants. Methods: Twenty-six subjects who were divided into a stroke group (n=13) or sex-aged matched normal elder group (n=13) participated in this study. To evaluate the effects of motor learning, the participants conducted a tracking task for visuomotor coordination. The accuracy index was calculated for each trial. Both groups received repetitive tracking task training of metacarpophalangeal joint for 50 trials. The stroke group performed a tracking task in the upper extremity insi-lesional to the damaged hemisphere, and the normal elder group performed the upper extremity matched for the same side. Results: Two-way repetitive ANOVA revealed a significant difference in the interactions ($time{\times}group$) and time effects. These results indicated that the motor skill improved in both the stroke and normal elder group with a tracking task. On the other hand, the stroke group showed lesser motor learning skill than the normal elder group, in comparison with the amount of motor learning improvement. Conclusion: These results provide novel evidence that stroke survivors with unilateral brain damage might have difficulty in performing ipsilateral movement as well as in motor learning with the ipsilateral upper limb, compared to normal elderly participants.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.293-306
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• 1999

This study investigated children's spatial skills and short term memory ability based on their practice with computer games. The 40 four-year-old and 40 six-year-old subjects were divided by experimental and control groups. Spatial skills of children were assessed by visual speed, mental rotation, and spatial visualization tasks. Short term memory was measured with a digit span task. Results showed that computer game practice enhanced children's memory ability and spatial skills. Even 4-year-olds performed better on mental rotation and spatial visualization tasks after practice. The treatment effect was significant for visual speed of 6-year-olds, short term memory ability and mental rotation of 4-year-olds, and spatial visualization of both 4- and 6-year-olds.