• 한국사회정책
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.127-155
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• 2017

The physical and psychological weaknesses of delinquent adolescents increase the possibility of socialization and the possibility of social exclusion. Therefore, this study aims to clarify the characteristics of the social exclusion through the Q methodology and to suggest policy and practical intervention directions. For this purpose, 36 statements about social exclusion were conducted through 15 prejudicial adolescents with the prior cooperation of the institution and the consent of the subjects. As a result of the analysis, four types were derived. Type 1 can be named as social disconnect type 'Type 2 is total type', type 3 is 'poverty type' and type 4 is 'service type'. Based on this, it can be said that the characteristics of social exclusion of juvenile delinquents are complexity, inclusivity, individuality, universality.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-37
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• 2020

In the 2000s, financial exclusion of low-income people emerged as a major social problem in South Korea. Microcredit business was first introduced by NGOs to help the poor overcome poverty while the Korean government soon chose to initiate microcredit policies to assist financially marginalized low-income people as a key policy measure to alleviate social inequality and revitalize economy. Unlike the initial expectation that state intervention in microcredit industry would be more effective, the outcome has been much less impressive. This paper aims to examine the poor performance of state-led microcredit in South Korea during the period of Lee Myung-bak administration by employing the concepts of state autonomy and capacity. It finds that the state autonomy, a key characteristic of a developmental state, was high in the sense that the funds had been raised in the face of strong resistance from private financial institutions. Lack of state capacity such as low technocratic expertise and politicization of microcredit policy, however, turned out to be a major stumbling block to the state-led microcredit in South Korea. This study shows that although the Korean government still has strong willingness to intervene in the financial market even in the face of interest groups' opposition, the eventual success of state action largely depends on its capacity to effectively implement financial policies.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.363-382
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• 2023

This study aims to discern the determinants influencing the perception of workability among the elderly population and delineate an appropriate retirement age within the labor market context. Employing binary logistic regression, this research utilizes data from the Korea Welfare Panel Study (2008, 2012, 2016, and 2020) provided by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Welfare. The findings indicate that key factors shaping the elderly's perception of workability encompass familial responsibilities (household and marital status) and their levels of physical and mental well-being. Econometric analysis suggests an anticipated retirement age for the elderly population ranging between 67 and 69 years. In addressing labor market demands and informing policymakers, the study proposes deliberations on extending the retirement age for individuals aged 60 to 65. This range serves as a compromise between the identified retirement age of 67 to 69 and the current average retirement age for elderly labor market participants. Bridging the disparity between the perceived workability age and the prevailing labor market baseline is crucial for achieving social consensus. Therefore, any extension of the retirement age should carefully consider both the demand and supply perspectives within the labor market. The study's contribution lies in two main aspects: firstly, presenting a retirement age framework for the labor market that integrates the workability of the elderly population, and secondly, providing evidence-based research outcomes to guide informed labor policies.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.55-88
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• 2003

When the definition of income and the equivalence scale was applied just as it was in the LIS (Luxembourg Income Study), the adjusted disposable income inequality calculated by Gini coefficients in Korea was 0.358 for the year 2000. Compare to the 1996 figure of 0.298 the increase of income inequality has skyrocketed. In addition, the adjusted market income inequality increased from 0.302 in 1996 to 0.374 in 2000. The disposable income inequality ranked the third and the market income inequality ranked at the mid level in 2000 among OECD countries. One significant finding in this paper was that the difference between the disposable income inequality and market income inequality in Korea is very small compared to those of other OECD countries. The relative poverty ratio, which is calculated by using 40% of the medium income bracket of the disposable income was calculated at 7.6% in 1996 and 11.5% in 2000. The poverty ratio in 2000 for Korea ranked one of the highest in OECD countries, also.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.6965-6969
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• 2013

Background: Tobacco consumption has been identified as the single biggest cause of inequality in morbidity and mortality. Understanding pattern of socioeconomic equalities in tobacco consumption in India will help in designing targeted public health control measures. Materials and Methods: Nationally representative data from the India Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) conducted in 2009-2010 was analyzed. The survey provided information on 69,030 respondents aged 15 years and above. Data were analyzed according to regions for estimating prevalence of current tobacco consumption (both smoking and smokeless) across wealth quintiles. Multiple logistic regression analysis predicted the impact of socioeconomic determinants on both forms of current tobacco consumption adjusting for other socio-demographic variables. Results: Trends of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption across wealth quintiles were significant in different regions of India. Higher prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco consumption was observed in the medium wealth quintiles. Risk of tobacco consumption among the poorest compared to the richest quintile was 1.6 times higher for smoking and 3.1 times higher for smokeless forms. Declining odds ratios of both forms of tobacco consumption with rising education were visible across regions. Poverty was a strong predictor in north and south Indian region for smoking and in all regions for smokeless tobacco use. Conclusions: Poverty and poor education are strong risk factors for both forms of tobacco consumption in India. Public health policies, therefore, need to be targeted towards the poor and uneducated.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.73-81
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• 2017

The use of Information, Communication and Technology (ICT) is closely related to the improvement of health and quality of life in later life. The elderly in general, however, face difficulty in adapting to ICT. The purpose of this study is to examine the social disparities and determinants in the use of information of the elderly residing in seoul. The data is based on the "2015-2016 Seoul Survey on Elderly Health and Functional Assessment", which include a total of 1,605 people aged 60 to 89. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the older, women, the lower educated, and those with restricted activity or poorer health were found to be the significant determinants of the digital poverty among older people. The results call for special attention to disparity within the older group to solve digital divide issues.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.109-134
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• 2009

Due to the change of socio-cultural conditions, family dissolving is increasing. As an alternative, grandparents who parent their grandchildren are also increasing rapidly and many show deep concern at this phenomenon. The grandparents-grandchildren families were approached through policy-makers' and professionals' perspective, not through insiders' view. The purpose of this ethnographic study were to explore the experiences and meaning-makings of grandmothers who are raising grandchildren. 22 narrative interviews with 10 grandmothers were conducted. The results of data analysis are as follows. The cultural theme in rasing experiences of grandmothers is 'Constituting a family beyond the multiple boundaries'. This theme include four cultural meanings: 'Recunstuction of everyday life beyound boundaries', 'Boundary of relative poverty more rigid than boundary of absolute poverty', 'Compromising constantly with normal culture having both inclusion and exclusion' boundaries', 'Having aspiration toward crossing the boundaries'. The policiy-makers and practitioners for the grandparents-grandchildren families should recognize the experiences and meaning-making of these families and should perform culturally perceptible and family-centered policies and practices.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.219-228
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• 2019

The forest of the Huaphanh Province (HP) has continued to decrease at 0.6% (10,560 ha) per year from 1992 to 2010. In the past few decades, the government of Laos and the Huaphanh Provincial Authority have been trying to address the root causes of deforestation. This study attempts to examine the factors effecting the decrease of the forest cover in the HP by analyzing the influence of the local socio-economic development and implementation of forest management policies on changes in the forest cover. The social data of the province focused on population growth and distribution between urban and rural areas including the number of poor people and the economic growth of three sectors, namely agriculture and forestry, industry, and service, while the implementation of the state forest management policy focused on the state forest management plan, tree plantation, forest land use planning and allocation to households, and shifting cultivation including annual upland rice and maize cultivation. In addition, government reports on socio-economic and rural development including poverty eradication of other provinces, where an increase in the forest cover was observed, were also collected and analyzed using qualitative and comparative analysis. The results from this study indicate that the decrease in forest cover in the Huaphanh Province appears to depend on a very slow economic growth and reduction in rural poverty of the province. The increase in the rural population in the province led to an increase in farm households and are as for shifting cultivation. As a result, forests were cleared leading to a decrease in the forest cover.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.125-134
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• 2024

This study was conducted to verify the impact of social capital on labor market entry for poor and disabled women and to reveal the relationship. In the case of poverty-stricken and disabled women, the reality is that there is very little research on the impact on labor market entry depending on the level and type of social capital that disabled women possess or are involved in for economic activities. Therefore, in this study, we looked at how the level and type of social capital possessed by poor and disabled women affects their entry into the labor market. As a result of the study, the level of social capital of poor and disabled women is larger and the stronger the density, the more labor market they have. It was found to have a very significant impact on market entry, and in terms of social capital type, greater trust and participation were found to have a very significant impact on labor market entry. Based on these research results, major policy implications were suggested regarding the impact of the level and type of social capital of poor and disabled women on their entry into the labor market.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.69 no.4
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• pp.9-33
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• 2017

This study aims to emphasize the importance of social inclusiveness for evaluation and future development of social policy in Korea. In particular, this study emphasizes that the future of social policy in Korea depends on the level of social inclusiveness. Social inclusiveness can be measured by the extent to which social policy is inclusive and the level of citizens' perception of social inclusiveness. This study uses 4 frameworks (universality, progressiveness, life-long, and adequacy) of inclusive asset-based policy to evaluate the level of social inclusiveness of key laws and social policies. Key findings are as follows: First, Korea has established normative systems of laws and social policies. Second, however, Korean social policy has multiple problems in universality, progressiveness, life-long, and adequacy. To enhance social inclusiveness of social policy, this study emphasizes the 'socialness' of social problems. Korea has faced market failure, the high level of rate experiencing poverty during life, and inefficiency of social policy. If we accept the socialness of social problems, social policy should attempt to increase publicness of social policy. The increase in socialness as well as social inclusiveness may be fundamental for inclusive society in Korea.