• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of duck and pork meat mixing ratio on quality characteristics of emulsion type sausage at $4^{\circ}C$ during 5 weeks. Treatments on the basis of the meat content were subjected to 100% duck meat (T1), 100% pork meat (T2), 50% duck meat + 50% pork meat (T3), 40% duck meat + 60% pork meat (T4), and 30% duck meat + 70% pork meat (T5). The moisture content was significantly (p<0.05) higher in TI sample but significantly (p<0.05) lower in T2 sample than those in comparison to the other treatments. Crude protein and fat content were significantly (p<0.05) higher in T2 sample compared to the other treatments. CIE $L^*$value was significantly (p<0.05) lower in T1 sample than those of other treatments until 5 weeks of cold storage. CIE $a^*$value was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T1 sample but significantly (p<0.05) lower in T2 sample than those in comparison to the other treatments until 5 weeks of cold storage. Hardness was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T4 sample compared to the other treatments during all cold storage. Cohesiveness was significantly (p<0.05) higher in T5 sample compared to the other treatments until 2 weeks of cold storage. The results of sensory evaluation showed that the meat flavor, taste and texture were significantly (p<0.05) lower in T5 sample compared to the other treatments whereas no difference among treatments except T5 sample. Overall acceptability was significantly (p<0.05) lower in T5 sample compared to the other treatments. Therefore, these results suggested that the ratio of 40% duck meat and 60% pork meat is appropriate levels for hardness and palatability when manufacturing emulsion type sausage with duck meat.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.293-300
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• 2002

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the supplemental Bamboo vinegar on production and meat quality of broiler ducks for 35 days. One hundred broiler ducks were divided into 4 groups of 25 ducks. Dietary levels of bamboo vinegar 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% were added to experimental diets ot each of the groups. The wei핌t gain and feed intake of ducks f3d with supplemental bamboo vinegar significantly high compared to those of the control. The carcass rate of the ducks fed with supplemental Bamboo vinegar 1% and 2% were increased compared to that of control, but the ducks fed with 4% treatment was decreased in carcass rate. The lipid and cholesterol content of breast meat of the ducks f3d bamboo vinegar 2% and 4% were significantly decreased (P<0.05). The color values in redness and yellowness were increased by supplemental Bamboo vinegar. Palmitic acid of fatty acid composition in breast meat was decreased by supplemental bamboo vinegar groups, whereas linoleic acid was increased, this difference was especially observed in supplemental Bamboo vinegar 2% (P<0.05). The odor, appearance and taste of sensory evaluation were improved by supplemental bamboo vinegar, especially in supplemental bamboo vinegar 1% and 2% (P<0.05). The results of this study indicate that the supplemental bamboo vinegar 1% and 2% may improve the production and meat quality of broiler ducks.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2020

This study intended to investigate the growth performance and meat quality traits in broilers fed different regimens of NaCl over a period of 35 days. Seven hundred and fifty 1-day-old chicks (Cobb 500) were randomly assigned to five NaCl feeding regimens to obtain three replicates for each regimen. Broilers in CON group were provided with concentrations of 0.35% NaCl for the duration of the experimental period. The other groups were provided with two concentrations of NaCl (0.45% and 0.55%) under two durations, namely: 1) 1~28 d: 0.45% or 0.55% NaCl for 28 days then CON; and 2) 1~35 d: 0.45% or 0.55% NaCl for 35 days. Broilers fed 0.55% NaCl for 1~35 d showed improved (P<0.05) growth performance compared with broilers fed the CON regimen. Moreover, higher water holding capacity of breast meat was shown by the broilers fed 0.55% NaCl for 1~28 d when compared with that in broilers fed the CON diet (P<0.05). Broilers fed 0.45% NaCl showed an increase (P<0.05) in the lightness of the meat over CON diet and the 0.55% NaCl diet. In addition, broilers offered CON had the highest redness value and highest crude ash content in the breast meat (P<0.05). Feeding 0.45% NaCl for 1~35 d and 0.55% NaCl for 1~28 d resulted in a higher (P<0.05) protein content in breast meat. In conclusion, broilers fed diets with 0.55% NaCl for 1~35 d showed improved growth performance as well as water holding capacity and protein content of the breast meat.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2010

TCM-KWG (tissue culture medium waste after harvest of Korean wild ginseng) (panax ginseng) is left over of tissue culture medium used to grow Korean wild ginseng (KWG). The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of TCM-KWG on meat quality and the possible of application as additives in broiler chickens. A day old broiler chickens randomized in 6 groups (n=60/groups) were administered orally with 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 mL/L TCM-KWG through drinking water with one untreated control group. After administration for five weeks, we analyzed chemical composition and meat quality. Crude ash increased approximately 20% in TCM-KWG treatment groups as compared to control group whereas the concentration of moisture, crude protein and crude fat did not show any significant difference. Crude ash is essential to enhance skeleton formation and physiological function. TCM-KWG treatment gradually decreased the pH value of breast meat whereas it did not change the purge loss and cooking loss. The pH value of meat is important for preservation of meat for longer periods and high durability strength. These results suggest that TCM-KWG treatment may improve the quality of meat and can be apply as food additives in chickens.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.83-85
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• 2001

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of pelleted food waste on performance and meat quality of broiler ducks. One hundred-forty four broiler ducks were divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per treatment for 5 weeks. Dietary levels of food waste 0%, 25%, 50% and 75% were included in experimental diets Daily weight gain was significantly increased by addition of food waste 25% and .50%, whereas decreased(P<0.05) by addition of 75% food waste. Feed intake were not affected by the pelleted food waste supplementations. Feed efficiency was improved(P<0.05) by the addition 25% food waste, however, there was depressed(P<0.05) by the addition of 75% food waste. Carcass weight was significantly decreased(P<0.05) by the addition 75% food waste. Moisture composition of breast meat were not significantly different by 25% and 50% food waste, however, there was significantly increased by 75% food waste. As the food waste level was increased, lipid and protein composition in beast meat was significantly decreased As the food waste level was increased. pH of beast meat was increased, whereas lightness and redness of meat color were decreased. Cholesterol content was significantly decreased(P<0.05) by addition of food waste. Odor and appearance of sensory evaluation was depressed by addition of food waste, whereas taste of sensory evaluation was improved by addition of food waste. There was no pathological findings from liver, spleen and kidney in slaughtered ducks. The results of this study suggests that pelleted food waste 25% and 50% improved broiler ducks performance and meat quality in broiler ducks.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.421-428
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• 2011

Low-fat sausages with or without 10% hydrated rice flour were made from duck, chicken and pork and their physical and sensory properties were compared. Results showed that moisture content did not differ significantly among the sausage batters. However, crude protein, crude fat and total ash content were significantly lower in the group with added rice flour compared with the no flour group. Crude protein and crude fat were the highest in pork sausages without rice flour (p<0.05). Adding 10% rice flour reduced total expressible fluid in all meat type sausages. Cooking loss was also decreased when 10% rice flour was used in making sausages from chicken and pork. However, no changes in cooking loss were found in duck meat by adding rice flour. Again, the highest cooking loss was in pork sausages without rice flour and lowest in chicken sausages with 10% rice flour. The pH of the meat from different animal species differs significantly, although no significant difference was found within meat types with or without rice flour. Lightness ($L^*$) increased, while redness ($a^*$) decreased with adding rice flour in all meat type sausages. Results showed that hardness was significantly reduced when 10% rice flour was added to pork, chicken and duck meat (p<0.05). This may be due to increased water retention of rice flour after cooking. Sensory evaluation indicated that the overall acceptability of pork and chicken sausages with or without rice flour was the same, but duck sausages without rice flour had the highest off-flavor score among the sausages. Addition of rice flour increased the overall acceptability of duck sausage to that of pork and chicken sausages.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.30.1-30.10
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• 2018

Background: The poultry industry suffers losses from problems as pale, soft and exudative (PSE), and dark, firm and dry (DFD) meat can develop in meat as a result of short- and long-term stress, respectively. These abnormalities are impacted by pre-slaughter animal welfare. Methods: This work evaluated the effects of open vehicle container microclimate, throughout the $38{\pm}10km$ journey from the farm to the slaughterhouse, on commercially turkey transported during the Brazilian winter season. The journey was initiated immediately after water bath in truck fitted with portable Kestrel anemometers to measure air ventilation, relative humidity, temperature and ventilation. Results: The inferior compartments of the middle and rear truck regions showed highest temperature and relative humidity, and lower air ventilation. In addition, the superior compartments of the front truck regions presented lower temperature and wind chill, and highest air ventilation. The breast meat samples from animals located at the inferior compartments of the middle and rear truck regions and subjected to with water bath (WiB) treatment presented highest DFD-like and had lowest PSE-like meat incidence than those from animals located at other compartments within the container. Lower incidence of PSE-like meat was observed in birds without water bath (WoB). Conclusions: Assessment on turkeys transported under Brazilian southern winter conditions revealed that breast meat quality can be affected by relative humidity, air ventilation, temperature, and transport under subtropical conditions promoting color abnormalities and the formation of simultaneously PSE-like and DFD-like meat.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary combined supplementation of antioxidants as catechin and vitamin C on growth performance, meat quality, blood profiles and stress responses of broilers exposed to high temperature. For this experiment, a total of 360 21-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used. Treatments were assigned with 6 replicates per treatment and 10 birds per replicate in a 2 × 3 factorial design with vitamin C (0, 250 mg/kg) and catechin (0, 600, 1,200 mg/kg). The heat stress environment was maintained at temperature 32±1℃ and relative humidity 60±5% for 24 hours until the end of the experiment. The supplemented antioxidants had no significant difference in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (P>0.05). The content of total cholesterol in blood had no interaction, but decrease (P<0.01) in the supplemented catechin group. Also, the supplementation with catechin showed increase in the SOD activity of blood, and lower corticosterone and IgM levels of broilers. The contents of HSP70 and MDA in liver decrease (P<0.05) with the supplementation of antioxidants, and HSP70 showed an interaction between groups. DPPH radical scavenging ability in breast meat increased (P<0.01) in catechin, but meat quality did not show difference according to treatments. Respiratory rate decreased (P<0.05) in catechin, but no interaction with vitamin C. In conclusion, the combination of vitamin C and catechin can alleviate stress under high temperature, such as HSP70 and MDA, but further study on the optimal supplemental level is needed.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.81-84
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• 1999

Chicken has been one of the most useful animals for life. They have been not only one of the most economical and adundant sources of valuable nutrients, but also the very good experimental animal to develop modern sciences. In Japan, eggs laid by the chickens have long been good sources of cash income for farmers and in many cases even for Samurais. Although nearly 50 millions of chickens were raised and they were of considerable importance in Japanese agricultre before the World War II, the industrialization or specializatin started after the War, Substantiallysince the 1960s. Among other spcies of poultry then chickens, ducks and Japanese quails are of some importane in Japan. Duck meat is often used in various cuisines at higher class restaurants and Japanese quail eggs are widely used. Hower those those species of commpared with chickens.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.987-993
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• 2024

Campylobacteriosis is a significant foodborne illness caused by Campylobacter bacteria. It is one of the most common bacterial causes of gastroenteritis worldwide, with poultry being a major reservoir and source of infection in humans. In poultry farms, Campylobacters colonize the intestinal tract of chickens and contaminate meat during processing. Vaccines under development against Campylobacters in poultry showed partial or no protection against their cecal colonization. Therefore, this review will elaborate on campylobacteriosis and emphasize the control strategies and recent vaccine trials against Campylobacters in poultry farms. The epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of Campylobacter infection, along with specific mention of poultry Campylobacter contamination events in Malaysia, will also be discussed.