• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.342-346
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• 2006

This paper describes ground surface potential rises and touch voltage. The more soil resistivity of upper layer is lower, the more ground surface potential rise is increased. Ground surface potential rise is increased as the buried depth of ground rod in lowered. Ground surface potential rises were measured in the test site and compared with results by CDEGS program. Touch voltages according to the separation distance of ground rod were measured in four directions. Touch voltages were remarkably changed by separation distance and contact position.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.201-217
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• 2016

We accessed the climate change effects on the distributions of warm-evergreen broad-leaved trees (shorten to warm-evergreens below) in the Korean Peninsula (KP). For this, we first selected nine warm-evergreens with the northern distribution limits at mid-coastal areas of KP and climate variables, coldest month mean temperature and coldest quarter precipitation, known to be important for warm-evergreens growth and survival. Next, species distribution models (SDMs) were constructed with generalized additive model (GAM) algorithm for each warm-evergreen. SDMs projected the potential geographical distributions of warm evergreens under current and future climate conditions in associations with land uses. The nine species were categorized into three groups (mid-coastal, southwest-coastal, and southeast-inland) based on their current spatial patterns. The effects of climate change and land uses on the distributions depend on the current spatial patterns. As considering land uses, the potential current habitats of all warm-evergreens decrease over 60%, showing the highest reduction rate for the Kyungsang-inland group. SDMs forecasted the expansion of potential habitats for all warm-evergreens under climate changes projected for 2050 and 2070. However, the expansion patterns were different among three groups. The spatial patterns of projected coldest quarter precipitation in 2050 and 2070 could account for such differences.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.291-302
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• 2017

The research was carried out in order to find climate factors which determine the distribution of Eurya japonica, and the potential habitats (PHs) under the current climate and climate change scenario by using species distribution models (SDMs). Four climate factors; the warmth index (WI), the minimum temperature of the coldest month (TMC), summer precipitation (PRS), and winter precipitaion (PRW) : were used as independent variables for the model. Seventeen general circulation models under RCP (Representative concentration pathway) 8.5 scenarios were used as future climate scenarios for the 2050s (2040~2069) and 2080s (2070~2099). Highly accurate SDMs were obtained for E. japonica. The model of distribution for E. japonica constructed by SDMs showed that minimum temperature of the coldest month (TMC) is a major climate factor in determining the distribution of E. japonica. The area above the $-5.7^{\circ}C$ of TMC revealed high occurrence probability of the E. japonica. Future PHs for E. japonica were projected to increase respectively by 2.5 times, 3.4 times of current PHs under 2050s and 2080s. It is expected that the potential of E. japonica habitats is expanded gradually. E. japonica is applicable as indicator species for monitoring in the Korean Peninsula. E. japonica is necessary to be monitored of potential habitats.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.759-768
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• 2019

This study was conducted to estimate the mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster and predict the potential distribution of the invasive plant, Ipomoea triloba, on the Korean peninsula. We collected annual extreme minimum temperature and mean coldest month minimum temperature data from 129 weather stations on the Korean peninsula from 1990-2019 and used this data to create a linear regression model. The min temperature of the coldest month raster from Worldclim V2 were used to estimate a 30 second spatial resolution, mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster of the Korean peninsula using a regression model. We created three climatic rasters of the Korean peninsula for use with the Proto3 species distribution model and input the estimated mean annual extreme minimum temperature raster, a Köppen-Geiger climate class raster from Beck et al. (2018), and we also used the mean annual precipitation from Worldclim V2. The potential distribution of I. triloba was estimated using the Proto3 model with 117 occurrence points. As a result, the estimated area for a potential distribution of I. triloba was found to be 50.7% (111,969 ㎢) of the Korean peninsula.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.73-79
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• 2007

In order to analyze the potential rise of grounding systems installed in buildings, a hemispherical grounding simulation system was studied. Potential rise was measured and analyzed regarding the shape and distance of the grounding electrodes by using this system. The system was composed of a hemispherical water tank, AC power supply, a movable potentiometer, and test grounding electrodes. The potential rise was measured in real time by the horizontal moving probe of be potentiometer. The test grounding electrodes were fabricated through reducing the grounding electrode installed in real buildings such as the ground rod, grounding grid and so on. The potential rise was displayed in a two-dimensional profile and was analyzed regarding the shapes of the ground electrodes. The potential rise of the grounding grid combined with a ground rod was the lowest of every grounding electrode tested. The proposed results can be applicable to evaluating ground potential rise in grounding systems, and the analytical data can be used to stabilize the electrical installations and prevent electrical disasters.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.23-27
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• 2014

The authors emphasize that the Republic of Kazakhstan is characterized by significant differences in the level of innovation capacity of regions. This article summarizes that the result of the monitoring of innovation potential of the regions are prerequisites for innovation policy adjustments, make it more dynamic, which ultimately contributes to its effectiveness. So, there are substantial differences in the level of innovation potential of the regions in the Republic of Kazakhstan, meanwhile it is noted that most regions' innovative features and potential can be assessed as average. After analysis of previously used methods, it can be concluded that the ranking of the level of innovation potential of regions takes place in the following order: High level of innovative potential: East Kazakhstan (3 matches), Almaty city (2 matches), Pavlodar (2 matches) and Zhambyl regions (2 matches); Low level of innovative potential: Almaty (2 matches), Mangistau (2 matches), West Kazakhstan (2 matches), Kyzylorda oblast (2 matches). In conclusion, it is emphasized that monitoring of innovative potential of regions creates the preconditions for innovation policy adjustments. These adjustments make the policy more dynamic and contribute to its effectiveness in the long run.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.981-992
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• 2021

This study identifies the determinants of potential failure of Islamic Peer-to-Peer (P2P) lending in Indonesia, and the mediating effect of Islamic ethics on reducing the potential for failure of Islamic P2P lending. This study uses primary data retrieved through questionnaires from the perspective of 152 stakeholders in Islamic P2P lending. Using a structural equation model (SEM), the study found that indebtedness, financing size, and governance have positive and significant relationships with the potential failure of Islamic P2P lending. This study provides evidence that the customer's internal conditions and the governance structure applied can increase the potential failure of Islamic P2P lending. Further, Islamic ethics is evidently able to partially reduce the potential failure of Islamic P2P lending by lessening risk management exposure, but it fails to address failure through Ponzi scheme exposure. As an implication, this study suggest that Islamic P2P lending must implement Islamic ethics more comprehensively by optimizing the advisory and supervisory role of the shariah board within their overall boards of directors also in their operational activities. Finally, it also adds to the existing knowledge on financial technology literature, particularly on the determinants of potential failure of financial technology from the perspective of stakeholders.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 1999.03b
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• pp.173-178
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• 1999

In this study MD simulations have been performed to observe the behavior of a grain boundary in an a-Fe plate under 2-dimensional loading. In MD simulation the acceleration of every molecule can be achieved from the potential energy and the force interacting between each molecule and the integration of the motion equation by using Verlet method gives the displacement of each molecule. Initially four a-Fe rectangular plates having different misorientation angles of grain boundary were modeled by using the Johnson potential and Morse potential We compared the potential energy of the grain boundary system with that of the perfect structure model. Also we could obtain the width of the grain boundary by investigating the local potential energy distribution. The tensile loading for each grain boundary models was applied and the behavior of grin boundary was studied. From this study it was clarified that in the case using Johnson potential the obvious fracture mechanism occurs along the grain boundary in the case of Morse potential the diffusion of the grain boundary appears instead of the grain boundary fracture.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.325-330
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• 2012

In this paper, drain induced barrier lowering(DIBL) has been analyzed as one of short channel effects occurred in double gate(DG) MOSFET to be next-generation devices. Since Gaussian function been used as carrier distribution for solving Poisson's equation to obtain analytical solution of potential distribution, we expect our results using this model agree with experimental results. DIBL has been investigated according to projected range and standard projected deviation as variables of Gaussian function, and channel structure and channel doping intensity as device parameter. Since the validity of this analytical potential distribution model derived from Poisson's equation has already been proved in previous papers, DIBL has been analyzed using this model. Resultly, DIBL has been greatly changed for channel structure and doping concentration.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.387-390
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• 2000

The life of transformer is significantly dependent on the thermal behavior in windings. To analyse winding temperature rise, many transformer designer have calculated temperature distribution and hot spot point by finite element method(FEM). Recently, numerical analyses of transformer are studied for optimum design, that is electric field analysis, magnetic field, potential vibration, thermal distribution and thermal stress. Therefore design time and design cost are decreased by numerical analysis. In this paper, the temperature distribution and thermal stress analysis of 50kVA pole cast resin transformer for power distribution are investigated by FEM program. The temperature change according to load rates of transformer also have been investigated. We have carried out temperature rise test and test results are compared with simulation data.