• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.668-674
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• 2020

Manuka honey (MH) has been shown anti-bacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria. However, the inhibitory effect of MH on biofilm formation by Escherichia coli O157:H7 has not yet been examined. In this study, MH significantly reduced E. coli O157:H7 biofilm. Moreover, pre- and post-treatment with MH also significantly reduced E. coli O157:H7 biofilm. Cellular metabolic activities exhibited that the viability of E. coli O157:H7 biofilm cells was reduced in the presence of MH. Further, colony forming unit of MH-treated E. coli O157:H7 biofilm was significantly reduced by over 70%. Collectively, this study suggests the potential of anti-biofilm properties of MH which could be applied to control E. coli O157:H7.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.163-167
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• 2020

Purpose: Unilateral strength training effects on contralateral sides have been demonstrated in previous studies for lower extremity exercise, upper extremity exercise, and unilateral surface electrical stimulation. This study was performed to investigate the effects of unilateral ankle training on muscle strength and the balance of contralateral lower extremity in healthy adults. Methods: Thirty healthy subjects were randomized equally to a training or a control group. Those in the training group received unilateral ankle isokinetic strengthening training of the dominant leg (right side) for 4 weeks. Contralateral single-limb balance, including Anterio-Posterior Stability Index (APSI), Medio-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) and Overall Stability Index (OSI), was assessed before and after intervention. Results: Comparison of pre- and post-test data revealed significant improvements in ipsi- and contralateral ankle strengths, and significant improvement in contralateral single limb balance. Conclusion: These results have practical implications because they demonstrate that unilateral ankle isokinetic exercise improves ankle muscle strength and balance ability of contralateral lower extremity.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2020

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate meta-analysis on the effects of exercise therapy and physiotherapy on pain in korean patients with chronic low back pain. Method: Meta-analysis was performed on the type and method of treatment. A total of 23 experimental studies were coding into 31 individual studies, into types, methods, visual analogue scale (VAS), each pre/post value of the effect size was calculated by meta-analysis. Results: Sling exercise, stretching, thermal therapy, kinesio-taping, lumbar stabilization exercise, electrotherapy is large effect size (ES ≥ .08). In addition, big effects occurred in order of treatment period is more than 9 weeks, three times a week. Conclusion: Our results indicated that persistent treatment of chronic back pain is the most effective method of self-sufficiency rather than temporary relief.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.15-20
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• 2020

The objectives of this study were to compare unimanual, symmetrical and reciprocal movement of transportation. Nineteen participants with post-stroke hemiparesis were involved in this study. We used the Fitmeter accelerometer to measure the dependent variables: signal vector magnitude, peak acceleration and peak deceleration. With respect to the hand and arm, intensity of unimanual movement was higher than that of symmetrical movement, and reciprocal movement was greater than that of symmetrical movement. With regard to the trunk, intensity of unimanual movement was lower than that of symmetrical movement, and within bimanual movement, reciprocal movement was greater than that of symmetrical movement. In conclusion, reciprocal movement would facilitate upper extremity movement and decrease the compensatory movement of trunk more than would symmetrical movement.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.87-93
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• 2020

The popularity of social media has led to a variety of communicative behaviors among users. This study targeted Facebook as a representative social medial platform because it has the most subscribers in order to investigate factors that influence Facebook usage. In particular, because a person's behavior is based on how they are perceived by others, self-conscious behavior was examined in the study. Facebook usage and news consumption were examined to ascertain the effects of self-consciousness. An online survey was conducted to examine how private SC and public SC (SCs), affects Facebook usage (profiles and writing posts) and news consumption (clicking "like" and sharing news). 616 participants completed the survey, and results indicated that public SC was positively related to the degree of profile updating and post writing. On the other hand, private SC was positively related to the degree of news sharing. These results suggest that psychological elements significantly predict a user's behavior on Facebook.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 2020

We aim to reinterpret Bong Joon-ho's Snowpiercer through theory of posthumanism. Posthuman is a compound word of 'post' and 'human', which means transcendent-man. However, we would like to extend the meaning of posthuman or cyborgs as not only to "new human figure, or transcendent-man" but as to "human living in a digital age of converged technology". Through the extension of the meaning of posthuman, we would be able to not only find posthuman in Science Fiction movies but also apply it to our real world. Also, through the extended meaning, we will reinterpret all the elements from the film as cyberspace and as posthuman or cyborgs. Moreover, through examination of these "cyborg figures" in Bong Joon-ho's Snowpiercer (2013), we argue that the film is criticizing posthumanism in the reality that these days, people are losing the humanity due to the combination with the machine. It seems that he claims of the collapse of the current system, suggesting new human generation as the solution.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.108-116
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• 2020

Background: This foundational study on educational interventions aimed to analyze the changes in awareness, knowledge, and attitudes of young learners after they received objective information on safety management. Materials and Methods: Educational sessions on nuclear power and radiation safety were delivered to 4,934 Korean elementary, middle, and high school students in two separate sessions conducted in 2016 and 2017. The effects of these interventions were subsequently analyzed. Results and Discussion: Learner attitudes toward safety were found to be the predominant variables affecting the post-intervention risk (safety) awareness of nuclear power generation. Conclusion: The safety awareness of future generations will significantly influence policy decisions on nuclear power generation. Hence, the design of educational interventions on this subject must match variables suited to learner levels.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.527-534
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• 2020

This study aims to monitor the displacement of the bridges using Stanford Method for Persistent Scatterers (StaMPS) time-series Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar analysis. For case study bridges: Kimdaejung bridge and Deokyang bridge, we acquired 60 and 33 Cosmo-Skymed Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data over the Mokpo region and Yeosu region, respectively from 2013 to 2019. With single-look interferograms, we estimated the long-term time-series displacements over the bridges. The time-series displacements were estimated as -8.8 mm/year and -1.34 mm/year at the mid-span over the selected bridges: Kimdaejung and Deokyang bridge, respectively. This time-series displacement provides reliable and high spatial resolution information to monitor the structural behavior of the bridge for preventing structural behaviors.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.317-330
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• 2020

The purpose of this action research project was to study the effects of incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom affected student dispositions with math and their understanding of mathematical concepts. The project, involving a total of 107 US middle school students, used five data sources to examine these effects: a survey, a chart measuring student engagement, a pre- and post-assessment before and after the coding project, and teacher observation with reflection forms. After analyzing the data, it was found that incorporating coding into the middle school math classroom could have a positive impact on student math dispositions and their understanding of math concepts.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.2511-2521
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• 2020

The Fukushima accident is characterized by the fact that three reactors at the same site experienced reactor vessel failure and the accident resulted in significant radiological release to the environment, which was about 1/10 of the Chernobyl releases. The safe removal of fuel debris in the reactor vessel and Primary Containment Vessel (PCV) and treatment of huge amount of contaminated water are the major issues for the decommissioning in coming decades. Discussions on the new researches efforts being carried out in the area of investigation of the end state of fuel debris and Boling Water reactor (BWR) specific core melt progression, development of technologies for the mitigation of radiological releases to comply with the strengthened safety requirement set after the Fukushima accident are discussed.