• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.779-791
• /
• 2019

In this paper, we consider derivation of an ordered ${\Gamma}$-semiring and introduce the notion of reverse derivation on ordered ${\Gamma}$-semiring. Also, we obtain some interesting related properties. Let I be a nonzero ideal of prime ordered ${\Gamma}$-semiring M and let d be a nonzero derivation of M. If ${\Gamma}$-semiring M is negatively ordered, then d is nonzero on I.

• Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.15-35
• /
• 1989

In this paper, we give a characterization of an order ideal which is not necessarily positively generated in the ordered space of Hermitian matrices. Order properties for perfect subspaces are also studied along with other subspace order properties.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.925-931
• /
• 2002

Gibbs sampling algorithms were implemented to the multi-trait threshold animal models with any combinations of multiple binary, ordered categorical, and linear traits and investigate the amount of bias on these models with two kinds of parameterization and algorithms for generating underlying liabilities. Statistical models which included additive genetic and residual effects as random and contemporary group effects as fixed were considered on the models using simulated data. The fully conditional posterior means of heritabilities and genetic (residual) correlations were calculated from 1,000 samples retained every 10th samples after 15,000 samples discarded as "burn-in" period. Under the models considered, several combinations of three traits with binary, multiple ordered categories, and continuous were analyzed. Five replicates were carried out. Estimates for heritabilities and genetic (residual) correlations as the posterior means were unbiased when underlying liabilities for a categorical trait were generated given by underlying liabilities of the other traits and threshold estimates were rescaled. Otherwise, when parameterizing threshold of zero and residual variance of one for binary traits, heritability estimates were inflated 7-10% upward. Genetic correlation estimates were biased upward if positively correlated and downward if negatively correlated when underling liabilities were generated without accounting for correlated traits on prior information. Residual correlation estimates were, consequently, much biased downward if positively correlated and upward if negatively correlated in that case. The more categorical trait had categories, the better mixing rate was shown.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.124-140
• /
• 2016

Using the Korea Labor Institute Panel Study(KLIPS), this study investigates the impacts of water pollution on life satisfaction in Korea. Panel random-effects ordered probit model is used to consider the ordered property of life satisfaction data and heterogeneity of panel data. The proxy variables to reflect the degree of water pollution are biochemical oxygen demand(BOD) and total phosphorus(TP). In addition to the environmental variables above, other determinants used in various studies on life satisfaction such as economic, social, and demographic characteristics are included. Estimation results show that water pollution is negative and significant for life satisfaction. Other indicators such as income, age, house ownership, gender, education are positively related while urban residence and own business are shown to be negatively related.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.67-82
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is two-fold : the one is to examine the causal relationship between domestic large firms' win-win growth effort and their financial performance by fiscal years; and the other is to develop a quantitative win-win growth index to overcome the limitation of the current one mainly using a survey method developed by NCCP (National Commission for Corporate Partnership). To serve the first purpose, we take a sample of 128 large companies whose win-win growth indices as of year 2011 and 2012 were evaluated by NCCP. We use their respective fiscal year's financial data to select 62 candidate financial ratios, which are then used in subsequent empirical tests. For the tests, we employ ordered probit model with stepwise selection method and two-way ANOVA with randomized block design to identify which of the 62 financial ratios are statistically significant ones to affect the firms' win-win growth index as well as to determine if the firms' win-win growth effort would cause their financial performance positively. To serve the second purpose, we devise a model using the 123 firms' 45 financial ratios, which employs ordered probit model with stepwise selection, and the validation of the model follows. We claim that the model suggested in this study serve as an alternative complementing the current one as it can produce the index in a more objective and swift manner using the firms' publicized financial statements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.89-100
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the effect of the Strong Small Farm Development Project by Rural Development Administration is positively associated with participating farmers. The data that used in this study is a survey data that targets 442 farming households who have participated in the strong small farm development project. This study applies ordered-probit model to evaluate level of the participants' satisfaction of the project. This study found that participants' level of satisfaction is closely associated by satisfaction level of project contents that contains education and consulting, friendly attitude toward the project, active participation of the project, and understanding of the project's contents and their importances. Based on research findings, this research provides some implications of future upbringing policy for strong small farms and the principal point of the policy that leads to succeed in implementing the project when formulating agricultural policy in participants view. the strong small farms.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.242-251
• /
• 2009

In this study, we analysed the impact of performing level of CSR-Labor standard index to corporate's expectation level to raise the employee's job satisfaction and morale. Using ordered probit analysis method, corporate higher level of performing CSR-Labor standard index is related with higher expectation of raising the employee's jobs satisfaction and morale on average. Also performing levels of individual index are positively related with expectation level. When using all standard indexes in the analysis, index 3 named "workplace without discrimination" and index 7 named "healthy and safe workplace" have significant coefficients. Therefore we confirmed that corporate making efforts to achieve safe workplace without discrimination has higher expectation to raise the employee's job satisfaction and morale. Finally we concluded that CSR-Labor standard index is properly constructed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.171-180
• /
• 2014

This study provides the empirical results of the customers' necessity and intentions of purchasing weather index insurance using survey of asking the customers' recognition about weather insurance. In this article, we discovered that not only the customers' past experience of loss but also the extent of damage and the effects that change in weather would have on their firm are positively related to an intention to purchase weather index insurance. In addition, the level of premiums was significantly higher for the highly-intended group of willing to purchase weather index insurance than the comparison group.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
• /
• v.62 no.4
• /
• pp.103-128
• /
• 2010

This study applied self-determination theory to investigate the relationships between volunteers' perception of supervisors' autonomy support, volunteering motivation, and persistence intentions among collegiate students. Collegiate volunteers(n=515) involved in volunteer activities completed measures of supervisors' autonomy support, 5 forms regulation, and persistence intentions. Bivariate correlations indicated that volunteer motivation demonstrated an ordered pattern of relationships, such that adjunct points along the regulatory continuum would be more positively associated with on another than distal points. Analyses using structural equation modeling revealed that supervisors' autonomy support was positively related to more autonomous motivation(intrinsic motivation and identified regulation), while was natively associated with amotivation. Amotivation was negatively related with persistence intentions, and more autonomous motivations(intrinsic and identified) predicted grater intentions to continue with volunteer activity for next 6 months. The findings are discussed in light of the self-determination theory.

• Research in Mathematical Education
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.249-262
• /
• 2010

Large Midwest university faculty members proposed the Science and Technology Enhancement Program Project (STEP) to improve students' learning in the secondary mathematics classroom using modules of inquiry-based teaching. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the STEP Project on students' attitude toward mathematics. Hierarchical linear models (HLM) were used to evaluate the impact of the STEP Project. The sample group for the study was 130 ninth grade students enrolled in Integrated Algebra I in a large urban school district. The school was one of eight secondary schools that participated in the STEP Project. The classes in the treatment group were three of five classes ordered in terms of the highest, middle, and lowest mean GPA. The control group consisted of two other middle GPA classes. The classes had an average of 25 students. Teachers who previously had been involved in the STEP Project taught all treatment and control classes. The inquiry-based teaching activities provided by the project were confined to the treatment classes. The survey measuring students' attitudes toward mathematics were obtained for both groups of students. The inquiry-based teaching affected students' attitudes toward mathematics (p < 0.07, ES = 3.07). Especially, students who had preexisting low attitudes toward mathematics were significantly affected by treatment (p < 0.02, ES = 0.02), while the treatment positively affected African American students overall at p < 0.08 (ES = 0.58).