• Title/Summary/Keyword: positions

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Effect of hip positions in frontal plane on abdominal muscle activities during bridging exercise (교각운동시 이마면에서 엉덩관절 위치가 배근육 근활성도에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Won-Hwee
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.224-230
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the hip positions in frontal plane on abdominal muscle activities during bridging exercise. Twenty six subjects who have healthy conditions were asked to perform bridging exercise in three starting positions which are hip abduction, neutral and hip adduction. We used surface electromyography to compare the activities of both external oblique, internal oblique and rectus abdominis muscle. We analyzed the data by using repeated one way ANOVA, The alpha level was set at 0.05. The results showed that the muscle activities of both sides of external oblique, and internal oblique were significantly different among three starting positions. The activity of both sides of rectus abdominis were insignificantly different among three positions. The muscle activities of both sides of external oblique muscle and left internal oblique in bridging exercise with hip adduction position were significantly greater than hip neutral positions. The muscle activity of right internal oblique in bridging exercise with hip abduction positions. Our results suggest that bridging exercise with hip adduction position is recommended to lumbar stabilization exercise and the factor of hip position is important for controlling exercise intensity when designing bridging exercise program.

The Effects of Tongue Positions on the Cervical Range of Motion (혀의 자세가 경추의 관절가동범위에 미치는 영향)

  • Han, Dong-Wook;Park, Min-Hee;Jeong, Yeon-Hee
    • Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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    • v.1 no.1
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    • pp.29-34
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    • 2013
  • Purpose : This study was to investigate that tongue positions have effect on the cervical range of motion (ROM). Methods : 18 subjects, 20 to 25 years of age, were participated in this study. The tongue positions were neutral position, anterior protrusion, posterior protrusion, superior protrusion, inferior protrusion, left side protrusion and right side protrusion. The neck movements were right side flexion, left side flexion, right rotation and left rotation. The cervical range of motion measured by cervical range of motion instrument (CROM, C9266-49, USA). The changes were analyzed using the paired t-test. SPSSWIN (ver. 20.0) was used for data analysis and the significance level was chosen as ${\alpha}$=0.05. Results : In the lateral flexion, the angle of left lateral flexion increased in anterior protrusion(p<0.05) and right side protrusion(p<0.05) significantly. In the rotation, the angle of right rotation increased in anterior protrusion(p<0.05), posterior protrusion (p<0.05), superior protrusion(p<0.05), inferior protrusion(p<0.05), and left side protrusion (p<0.05) significantly. Conclusions : In conclusion, we found that the tongue positions affected some cervical movements.

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Role Adaptation Process of Elementary School Health Teachers: Establishing Their Own Positions (초등학교 보건교사의 역할적응 과정: 자기자리 만들어 가기)

  • Lee, Jeong Hee;Lee, Byoung Sook
    • Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.305-316
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    • 2014
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore and identify patterns from the phenomenon of the role adaptation process in elementary school health teachers and finally, suggest a model to describe the process. Methods: Grounded theory methodology and focus group interviews were used. Data were collected from 24 participants of four focus groups. The questions used were about their experience of role adaptation including situational contexts and interactional coping strategies. Transcribed data and field notes were analyzed with continuous comparative analysis. Results: The core category was 'establishing their own positions', an interactional coping strategy. The phenomenon identified by participants was confusion and wandering in their role performance. Influencing contexts were unclear beliefs for their role as health teachers and non-supportive job environments. The result of the adaptation process was consolidation of their positions. Pride as health teachers and social recognition and supports intervened to produce that result. The process had three stages; entry, growth, and maturity. Conclusion: The role adaptation process of elementary school health teachers can be explained as establishing, strengthening and consolidating their own positions. Results of this study can be used as fundamental information for developing programs to support the role adaptation of health teachers.

An Estimation Method of Node Position in Wireless Sensor Network (무선 센서 네트워크에서의 노드 위치 추정)

  • Rhim, Chul-Woo;Kim, Young-Rag;Kang, Byung-Wook
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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    • v.46 no.3
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2009
  • It is important to locate nodes in the research of wireless sensor network. In this paper, we propose a method that estimates the positions of nodes by using adjacent node information and signal strength in wireless sensor network. With this method, we can find positions of nodes easily because we use Information that nodes have. And we can make a map for all the nodes because we can measure a relative position for an node whose position is not known based on anchor nodes whose positions are already known. In addition, we can confirm whether nodes are placed appropriately. We confirmed that we can locate positions of unknown nodes with small error through verifying the proposed method.

Optimal Position Selection of Microphones and Specters in Adoptive Noise Control System (능동소음제어 시스템의 마이크로폰 및 스피커 최적위치 선정)

  • 남현도;이홍원
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.90-97
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    • 2004
  • In this paper, the optimal position selection of error microphones and control speakers to attenuate interior noise from outside noise sources using active noise control techniques is presented. To get an optimal control characteristics of adaptive noise control systems, it is necessary to optimize the positions of microphones and speakers. New type of simulated annealing method has been proposed as searching techniques to find optimal speakers and microphones positions in which the sum of the squared pressures at microphone positions in an enclosure can be best minimized. Computer simulations and experiments have been performed to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A Study on the Great Principle of Pulse Diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』 (『난경(難經)』의 진맥(診脈) 대법(大法)에 관한 고찰)

  • Jang, Woochang;Kim, Yuna
    • Journal of Korean Medical classics
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    • v.33 no.4
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    • pp.83-105
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    • 2020
  • Objectives : This paper aims to examine the system, principle, and fundamentals of the great principle of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』. Methods : The system, principle, and fundamentals of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』 were examined within the book's description framework and logical structure in light of its relationship to the 『Huangdineijing』. Previous studies that follow pulse diagnosis of 『Nanjing』 and 『Wangshuhe Maijue』 were referenced. Results & Conclusions : The structure of pulse diagnosis in the 『Nanjing』 is systematically organized under the principle of the three positions and nine indicators as the great principle to which the yinyang and five viscera pulse theories are included. The great principle of the three positions and nine indicators is consisted of a system that allows for a multiple and comprehensive interpretation wherein the theories of yinyang and five elements are interweaved within the pulse diagnosis system, which is comprised of a great principle and particular principles. The theory follows that of the three yin three yang theory of the five circuits and six qi, its principles manifesting as the three positions and nine indicators and integration of pulse and symptoms.

An Application of Screw Motions for Mechanical Assemblies (기계부품들의 조립 및 해체과정 설계를 위한 스크류이론의 응용)

  • 김재정
    • Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.60-67
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    • 1997
  • CAD systems offer a variety of techniques for designing and rendering models of static 3D objects and even of mechanisms, but relatively few tools exist for interactively specifying arbitrary movements of rigid bodies through space. Such tools are essential, not only for artistic animation, but also, for planning and demonstrating assembly and disassembly procedure of manufactured products. A rigid body motion is a continuous mapping from the time domain to a set of positions. To relieve the designers from the burden of specifying this mapping in abstract mathematical terms, combinations of simple rigid motion primitives, such as linear translations or constant axis rotations, are often used. These simple motions are planar and thus ill-suited for approximating arbitrary motions in 3D-space. Instead, we propose the screw motion primitive, a special combination of linear translations and constant axis rotations, which has a simple geometric representation that can be automatically and unambiguously computed from the starting and ending positions of the moving body. Although, any two positions may be interpolated by an infinity of motions, we chose the screw motion for its relative generality and its computational advantages. The paper covers original algorithms for computing the screw motions from interpolated positions and envelopes of swept regions to predict collisions.

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An Acoustical Analysis of English Stops at the Initial and After-initial-/s/ Positions by Korean and American Speakers (한국인과 미국인의 초성 및 초성 /s/ 다음에 오는 영어 파열음 음향 분석)

  • Yang, Byunggon
    • Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.11-20
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this study is to compare the acoustic parameters of English stop consonants at the initial and after-initial-/s/ positions in a message produced by 47 Korean and American speakers in order to provide better pronunciation skills of English stops for Korean learners. A Praat script was developed to obtain voice onset time (VOT), maximum consonant intensity (maxCi), and rate of rise (ROR) from six target words with stops at the positions in the message. Results show that VOT and maxCi were significantly different between the two language groups while ROR wasn't. The Korean speakers generally produced the stop consonants with longer VOTs and higher consonant intensity. From the comparison of consonant groups at the two different positions, the Korean participants did not distinguish them as clearly as the American participants did at the after-initial-/s/ position. Finally a comparison of each language and sex group revealed that the major difference was attributed to stop consonants in the after-/s/ position. The author concluded that Korean speakers should be careful not to produce all the stops with longer VOTs and higher intensity. Further studies would be desirable to examine how Americans evaluate Korean speakers' English proficiency with modified acoustic values of English stops.

A Study on the Robust Optimal Supporting Positions of TFT-LCD Glass Panel (TFT-LCD 용 유리기판의 강건 최적 지지 위치의 선정에 관한 연구)

  • Huh Jae-Sung;Jung Byung-Chang;Lee Tae-Yoon;Kwak Byung-Man
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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    • v.30 no.8 s.251
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    • pp.1001-1007
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    • 2006
  • In this paper we present robust optimal supporting positions for large glass panels used for TFT-LCD monitors when they are stored in a cassette during manufacturing process. The criterion taken is to minimize their maximum deflection. Since they are supported by some supports and have large deformations, contact analysis with a geometrically nonlinear effect is necessary. In addition, the center of a panel can not be positioned exactly as intended and should be considered as uncertainties. To take into account of these effects, the mean and the standard deviation of system response functions, particularly the deflection of the panels, need be calculated. A function approximation moment method (FAMM) is utilized to estimate them. It is a special type of response surface methodology for structural reliability analysis and can be efficiently used to estimate the two stochastic properties, that is, the system performance and the perturbations caused by uncertainties. For a design purpose, they are to be minimized simultaneously by some optimization algorithm to obtain robust optimal supporting positions.

Numerical Simulation of the Coalescence of Air Bubbles in Turbulent Shear Flow: 1. Model Development (난류전단 흐름에서의 기포응집에 관한 수치모의: 1. 모형의 개발)

  • Jun, Kyung Soo;Jain, Subhash C.
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.14 no.6
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    • pp.1357-1363
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    • 1994
  • A Monte-Carlo simulation model is developed to predict size distribution produced by the coalescence of air bubbles in turbulent shear f1ow. The simulation consists of generating a population of air bubbles into the initial positions at each time step and tracking them by simulating motions and checking collisions. The radial displacement of air bubbles in the simulation model is produced by numerically solving an advective diffusion equation. Longitudinal displacements are generated from the logarithmic flow velovity distribution and the bubble rise velocity. Collision of air bubbles for each time step is detected by a geometric test using their relative positions at the beginning of the time step and relative displacements during the time step. At the end of the time step, the total number of bubbles, their positions, and sizes are updated. The computer program is coded such that minimum storages for sizes and positions of bubbles are required.

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