• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.191-199
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• 1994

Purpose : This study was undertaken to show the clinical results of combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia in primary hepatoma Materials and Methods : Between December 1989 and March 1993, 50 patients with hepatomas were treated by combined radiotherapy and hyperthermia. Among them, we analyzed retrospectively 33 patients who received the complete course of treatment. The ages of the patients ranged from 36 to 75(mean age: 55.5 years). Twenty-six patients ($78.8\%$) were men, and 7 ($21.2\%$ were women. According to Child's classification, nine patients ($27.3{\%}$) were A group, 9 ($27.3\%$) were B group, 15 ($45.4\%$) were C group. Radiation therapy was done by a 6 MV and 15 MV linear accelerator. Patients were treated with daily fractions of 150-180 cCy to doses of 2550 cGy -4950 cGy (median : 3000 cGy). Local hyperthermia was done by 8 MHZ RF capacitive heating device (Cancermia. Green Cross Co., Korea), 50-60 min/session, 1-2 sessions/wk, and 8.5 sessions (median number)/patient. We analyzed the prognostic factors including age, sex, tumor type, Child's classification, $\alpha$-fetoprotein, liver cirrhosis, ascites, portal vein invasion, esophageal varix, number of hyperthermia, chemotherapy, total bilirubin level, Karnofsky perfomance status. Results : The overall 1-year survival was $24.2\%$, with a mean survival of 10months. Of 33 patients, tumor regression (PR+MR) was seen in $30.4\%$, no response was seen in $52.2\%,\;17.4\%$ patient was progressed. In patients who had tumor regression, the overall 1-year survival was $42.1\%$ with a mean survival of 14 months. Factors influencing the survival were sex (p=0.05), tumor type (p=0.0248), Child's classification (p=0.0001), liver cirrhosis (p=0.0108), ascites (p=0.0009), and Karnofsky perfomance status (p=0.0028). Complications developed in 28 patients, including 18 hot pain,5 fat necrosis, 3 transient fever, 2 nausea and vomiting. Conclusion : In this study, the results suggests that combined radiotherauy and hyperthermia may improve the survival rate of hepatoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.4077-4082
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• 2016

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a dreadful complication of end stage liver disease with high morbidity and mortality. Aim: The aim was to assess the role of serum talin-1 and non-invasive fibrosis in patients with HCC. Materials and Methods: A total of eighty seven subjects were enrolled, with 22 two healthy individuals as a control group (n=22), 22 patients in the cirrhosis group and finally 43 in the group with HCC diagnosed with positive triphasic CT abdomen criteria. Serum talin-1 and noninvasive fibrosis parameters were assessed in all subjects. Results: Compared to the cirrhosis group, patients with HCC had higher serum talin-1 ($32.9{\pm}12.6$ vs. $11.1{\pm}2.79ng/ml$), FIB4 ($9.96{\pm}15.3$ vs. $2.90{\pm}1.87$) and $fibro-{\alpha}$ ($10.9{\pm}18.1$ vs. $1.55{\pm}0.28$) but not fibrosis index scores ($4.47{\pm}0.95$ vs. $4.98{\pm}0.96$; p=0.046). Patients with large focal lesions (${\geq}5cm$) had different ALBI scores ($-1.02{\pm}0.63$ vs. $-1.72{\pm}0.59$; p=0.001) serum talin-1 ($9.72{\pm}13.81$ vs. $28.6{\pm}38.89ng/ml$; p=0.007) and fibrosis index scores ($0.85{\pm}0.99$ vs. $4.20{\pm}4.85$; p=0.026). No statistical differences were noted between patients with and without portal vein thrombosis. For detection of HCC, serum talin-1 had 97.7% sensitivity and 100% specificity with a 17.2 ng/ml cutoff. AFP at a 13.7 ng/ml cutoff had 72.1% sensitivity and 6.3.6% specificity. The cutoff for the $fibro-{\alpha}$ score was 1.61 with 81.4% sensitivity and 77.3% specificity. Serum talin-1 (odds=1.08; C.I=1.016-1.150; p=0.014), fibrosis index score (odds=2.35; C.I=1.055-5.217; p=0.037) and the ALBI score (odds=6.9; C.I=1.924-24.708; p=0.003) were predictors of large focal lesions. Conclusions: Serum talin-1, AST/ALT ratio, $fibro-{\alpha}$ score are useful for the assessment of HCC patients.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.127-149
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• 1994

경골어류의 비장과 두신에 분포하는 대식세포의 탐식과정 및 탐식활력에 상응한 Melano - Macrophage Centers (MMCs)의 형태학적 변화가 갖는 병리학적 의의를 규명하기 위하여, 어체의 면역활성상태의 변화를 인위적으로 야기한 털라피아, Oreochromis niloticus 에 콜로이드성 탄말을 주입하여 비장 및 두신 MMCs의 병리조직학적 변화에 대한 추이를 경시적으로 추구하였다. 면역활성상태의 변화를 야기할 목적으로 Edwardsiella tarda 유래 formalin killed cell(FKC) 및 lipopolysaccharide (LPS)를 복강내 주사하거나, dexamethasone을 경구투여하였다. 각 처치군에서 모든 틸라피아의 비장 및 두신에 분포하는 대식세포의 탄말탐식유형이나, MMCs와 관련한 탄말탐식세포의 이동상은 유사하였으나, 경시적으로 본 대식세포의 탐식활력과 기존 MMCs 또는 새롭게 형성된 탄말함유세포의 응집유형에 있어서는 무처치군을 포함한 처치군간에 큰 차이를 나타내었다. 무처치군에서는 비장과 두신에 있어 다소 차이는 있으나, 두신의 경우, 탄말투여 12일이 지나서야 MMCs 내의 집적정도가 치밀하였다. 이에 반해 2 가지의 세균유래 항원을 처치한 군에서는 탄말투여 8 일째에 탄말이 기존 MMCs 내로 치밀하게 집적하거나, 탄말함유세포로만 구성된 치밀한 집괴형상을 완료한 반면, dexamethasone 을 처치한 군에서는 8일째 이후에도 탄말을 함유한 세포는 소수만이 관찰되었으며, MMCs 내로의 치밀한 집적이나 탄말함유세포의 집괴는 볼 수 없었다. 본 연구의 결과, 어체의 면역활성상태는 MMCs의 출현수, 크기, 치밀성 및 윤곽에 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있음을 강하게 시사하며, MMCs의 각종 형태학적 소견은 경골어류의 병리조직학적 소견해석에 있어서 도움을 줄 수 있는 중요한 형태학적 증거가 될 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.56-60
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• 2009

목적 : 본 연구에서는 로타바이러스와 관련된 신생아 괴사성 장염(RV+NEC)이 로타바이러스와 연관되지 않은 신생아 괴사성 장염(RV-NEC)과 서로 다른 경과 및 예후를 보이는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : modified Bell stage II 이상의 환아들을 monoclonal antibody-based enzyme immunoassay (EIA) 결과를 통해 8명의 RV+NEC군과 22명의 RV-NEC군으로 분류하였고 이 두군의 임상양상과 방사선소견 및 치료 결과를 후향적으로 조사하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : RV+NEC군에서 RV-NEC군보다 재태주령과 출생체중이 통계적으로 유의하게 더 높았다($33.5{\pm}3.3$ 주 vs $29.3{\pm}4.4$ 주; P=0.01). 두 군간의 C-반응성 단백질의 최고치, 혈소판 감소증, 장벽 내 공기와 장 천공의 비교에서는 차이가 없었으나 문맥 정맥 내 공기의 빈도는 RV+NEC군에서 유의하게 많았다(88% vs 9%; P<0.01). III 이상의 병기와 수술율 그리고 합병증과 사망률을 비교한 결과에서는 두 군 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. 결 론 : 로타바이러스와 관련된 신생아 괴사성 장염은 로타바이러스와 연관되지 않은 신생아 괴사성 장염에 비해 더 높은 재태주령과 출생체중을 가지나 질환의 중증도와 결과 면에서는 차이가 없었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.238-243
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• 1990

Pharmacokinetic characteristics of recombinant human interleukin-2 (rH IL-2) wre studied in the rat. First, different doses of rH IL-2 ranging from 6,400 to 1,600,000 U/kg were injected intravenously and the effect of dose size on the pharmacokinetics was examined. There was no dose dependency in the pharmacokinetics of rHIL-2 in the dose range of 6,400-40,000 U/kg. But at the dose of 1,600,000 U/kg, there was a severe hemolysis throughout the experiment and the pharmacokinetic parameters such as Vdss and CLt were significantly increased compared to those obtained from lower doses. It also showed that this drug is hardly distributed to the peripheral tissues and hardly eliminated from the body, since the valume of distribution (Vdss) and total body clearance (CLt) were 45-75 ml/kg and 1-2 ml/min/kg, respectively. The Vdss is close to the actual plasma volume and the CLt is less than glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Therefore it seemed that rH IL-2 is distributed only in the plasma pool and hardly filtered in the kidney due to its very large molecular weight. Second, rH IL-2 was administered to the rat via several routes such as hepatic portal vein (PV), intraperitoneal (IP), peroral (PO) and intranasal (IN) routes. The bioavailabilities (BA) of PV, IP, PO and IN routes were 96.8, 4.9, 0 and 0.1%, respectively. The addition of some nasal absorption enhancers such as taurocholate, taurodeoxycholate, glycocholate and glycodeoxycholate did not increase the BA of intranasaly administered rH IL-2. The result is contrast to the effect of these bile salts on the nasal absorption of ${\alpha}-inteferon$. Considering it together with the pharmacokinetic parameters, very large molecular weight of rH IL-2 seemed again to be the cause to very poor membrane permeability.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.997-1003
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• 2006

An experiment with twenty crossbred goat kids (male) of 2-3 months old, weighing about 12 kg was conducted to study the effect of feeding formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake based diet supplemented with molasses on growth rate and histopathological changes of different organs. Goats were randomly divided into four groups of 5 animals each and were individually fed for a period of 120 days. The animals in group I (URC) and II (URCM) were fed concentrate mixture (CM-I) containing untreated rape seed oil cake (30%) while, the animals in group III (TRC) and IV (TRCM) were offered concentrate mixture (CM-II) containing formaldehyde treated rape seed oil cake. Further, molasses as energy source was additionally supplemented with the concentrate mixture at the rate of 8% of concentrate mixture on dry matter basis to animals in group II and IV. All the animals were maintained on roughage (Berseem hay:wheat straw = 2:1) and concentrate in 50:50 ratio. Average daily gain (g/d) of animals in group IV was significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in group I., but at par with group II and III. Feed conversion efficiency was also significantly (p<0.05) higher in group IV (10.14) than group I and II but at par with group III. The growth rate however increased by 50.2% in group IV showing more consistency in maintaining highest growth rate due to better balance of nutrients. At the end of four months of feeding trial, two animals from each group were sacrificed for histopathological study of different organs. Significant histopathological changes in liver, heart, lungs tissue of animals fed untreated rape seed oil cake diet were recorded which were totally absent in the organ of animals fed formaldehyde treated cake. The liver tissue of goats receiving control diet (containing untreated rape seed oil cake) were found to be associated with engorged central vein and blood vessels. Hepatocytes were swollen, pale and degenerated with cellular infiltration and fibrosis of portal areas. The muscles of heart were found to have intermyofibral edema. Emphysema accompanied by dilated and ruptured alveoli was also recorded in lung tissue. However, histopathological examination of various tissues of goats fed formaldehyde treated cake diet did not exhibit any degenerative changes. Additional supplementation of molasses with or without treated cake diet, apparently did not have any significant effect on ameliorating the above degenerative changes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.2979-2986
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• 2014

Background: Recently, peroxiredoxin3 (PRDX3) was identified as a novel molecular marker for the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its potential clinical application as a serum marker for the early diagnosis and prognosis of HCC has not been investigated. Methods: PRDX3, alpha-fetaprotein (AFP), and other biochemical parameters were measured in serum samples from 297 Chinese patients, including 96 with HCC, 98 with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 103 healthy controls (HCs). Correlations between serum PRDX3 expression and clinicopathological variables and the relationship between serum PRDX3 expression and prognosis were analyzed. Results: Serum PRDX3 was significantly higher in HCC patients than in the LC and HC groups. The sensitivity and specificity of serum PRDX3 for the diagnosis of HCC were 85.9% and 75.3%, respectively, at a cutoff of 153.26 ng/mL, and the area under the curve was 0.865. Moreover, serum PRDX3 expression was strongly associated with AFP level, tumor diameter, TNM stage, and portal vein invasion. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that HCC patients with high serum PRDX3 expression had a shorter median survival time than those with low PRDX3 expression. Moreover, serum PRDX3 expression was an independent risk factor for overall survival. The inverse correlation between serum PRDX3 and patient survival remained significant in patients with early-stage HCC and in those with normal serum AFP levels. Conclusions: Serum PRDX3 can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of HCC.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.41-68
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• 2011

Objectives: After organizing segmentations related to obesity from classics and each studies, we would like to examine the value of wild ginseng, bovis calculus, ursi fel and moschus as a obesity medicine. Methods: We found out 4 drugs which are wild ginseng, bovis calculus, ursi fel and moschus from the classics, such as "Shin-Nong-Bon-Cho-Kyung", "Myoung-Eui-Byul-Lok", "Bon-Cho-Gang-Mok", "Bon-Cho-Jong-Shin", "Bon-Cho-Bi-Yo", "Bon-Cho-Gu-Jin" and "Deuk-Bae-Bon-Cho", we searched websites such as RISS, Korean traditional knowledge portal, the society of Korean medicine for obesity research, Korean pharmacopuncture institute, the Korean academy of oriental rehabilitation medicine and Korean acupuncture & moxibustion society as well. Results: 1. We couldn't find the contents related to the efficacy of improving obesity through wild ginseng, bovis calculus, ursi fel and moschus from the classics. 2. Wild ginseng had a study dealing with the efficacy of anticancer, obesity, toxicity, immunity, sulfation, diabetes, plasma proteins, depression, hypertension, endometriosis and hair loss. Especially among 6 studies related to obesity, apart from the study that treated extract of wild ginseng directly to the cell or oral administration to the animals, also have studies that had an efficacy of improving obesity through injecting pharmacopuncture to acupuncture point and vein, etc. 3. Bovis calculus had a study about efficacy related to arthritis, liver, inflammation of cornea, obesity, anticancer, immunity, antacid, heart, lumbar pain, hypertension, toxicity, a digestive organ and sasang constitution, especially in case of obesity, had each studies about oral administration of complex prescription and about cell unit experiment of pharmacopuncture. 4. Ursi fel had a study about efficacy related to liver, arthritis, inflammation of cornea, immunity, obesity, anticancer, antacid, lumbar pain, digestive organ, toxicity, cell protection, skin ailment, etc. Especially in case of obesity, had each studies about oral administration of animal experiment and about cell unit experiment of pharmacopuncture. 5. Moschus had a study about efficacy related to liver, the central nervous system, arthritis, inflammation of cornea, immunity, obesity, anticancer, hypertension, heart, lumbar pain, etc. Especially in case of obesity, had one study about oral administration of complex prescription. Conclusion: Through the result of probability as a obesity medicine of wild ginseng, bovis calculus, ursi fel and moschus, we could identify the possibility of each drug as a obesity medicine. Also in the future, it is considered that studies about one or complex prescription and pharmacopuncture as a obesity medicine will be needed.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권8호
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• pp.879-887
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 생쥐 신장, 간, 비장 내 축적된 수은의 위치와 아울러서 시간에 따른 수은 농도 변화를 조사하였다. 수은 투여 종료 후 10일, 150일, 300일에 생쥐를 희생하여 수은 농도변화를 분석하였다. 10일에 희생시킨 생쥐 신장의 경우, 근위세뇨관 상피세포의 핵 위쪽 세포질에 수은이 다량으로 분포하였으나, 사구체에는 분포하지 않았다. 간의 경우, 수은이 주로 간문맥 주위에 있는 간세포와 굴모세혈관에 있는 Kupffer 세포에 분포하였다. 10일에 희생시킨 비장의 경우, 백색 수질과 적색 수질에 수은이 흩어져 분포하였다. 수은의 농도 변화에 있어서, 150일과 300일에 희생시킨 신장의 피질과 수질에 축적되어 있던 수은이 낮은 농도로 나타났다. 역시 간세포에 축적되어 있던 수은도 150일과 300일의 경우, 낮은 농도로 나타났다. 비장의 경우, 백수와 적수 조직에 있던 수은 농도가 감소되었다. 이런 결과를 통해 세포나 조직에 축적되어 있던 수은의 위치가 확인되었으며, 또한 이 결과는 기관에 축적되어 있던 수은 농도가 시간이 지남에 따라 자연스럽게 감소된다는 사실을 확인해 주고 있다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권10호
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• pp.1643-1652
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• 2021

Objective: Two experiments were conducted to provide a new approach for evaluating feed nutritional value by metabolizable glucose (MG) in piglet diets with different levels of starch and crude fiber. In Exp 1, a regression equation for MG was generated. In Exp 2, the equation was verified, and the optimal growth performance of piglets under appropriate MG levels was tested. Methods: In Exp 1, 20 weaned piglets (7.74±0.81 kg body weight [BW]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments, including the basal diet containing different levels of MG (starch, 25.80%, 31.67%, 45.71%, 49.36%; crude fiber, 1.23%, 1.35%, 1.80%, 1.51%). The piglets were implanted with an ileal fistula, cannulation of the carotid artery, portal vein, and mesenteric artery. The chyme from the ileum fistula and blood samples were collected. In Exp 2, 30 weaned piglets (8.96±0.50 kg BW) were randomly assigned to 1 of 5 treatments, including the experimental diets with different levels of MG (37.6, 132.5, 300.0, 354.3, and 412.5 g/kg). The piglets' BW, and feed consumption were recorded to calculate growth performance during the 28-d experiment. Results: In Exp 1, the MG levels in 4 diets were 239.62, 280.68, 400.79, and 454.35 g/kg. The regression equation for the MG levels and dietary nutrients was: Y (MG) = 12.13×X₁ (starch)+23.18×X₂ (crude fiber)-196.44 (R² = 0.9989, p = 0.033). In Exp 2, treatments with 132.5 and 300.0 g/kg MG significantly (p<0.05) increased average daily gain and feed conversion efficiency of weaned piglets, increased digestibility of crude fat, and had no effect on digestibility of crude protein compared to 300.0 to 412.5 g/kg MG. Conclusion: The pig model combining the ileum fistula and cannulation of blood vessels was successfully used to determine the dietary MG levels. The recommended MG level in weaned pig diets is 132.5 to 300.0 g/kg.