• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.562-569
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the hypocholesterolemic effects of porphyran and insoluble dietary fiber isolated from laver in rats fed high fat diet containing 1% cholesterol, 0.25% sodium cholate and 12% lard. Rats were fed, ad libitum, diets containing 5% diet fiber as cellulose(normal control or high fat control), porphyran or insoluble dietary fiber for 4 weeks. Among the groups fed high fat diet, liver weight was significantly lower in high fat porphyran group than high fat control. Plasma GOT, GPT, total cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, LDL-cholesterol and liver total cholesterol concentration were significantly lower in high fat porphyran group than high fat control. The feeding of porphyran significantly increased fecal cholesterol and bile acid excretion. The feeding of insoluble dietary fiber had no significant effect on either plasma or liver cholesterol levels, although fecal cholesterol level in the insoluble dietary fiber group was significantly higher than that in the high fat control. The results indicate that porphyran isolated from the laver may exert their hypocholesterolemic effect by increasing excretion of fecal bile acid and cholesterol.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.58-63
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• 2015

The chemical and rheological properties of natural and enzymatically hydrolyzed porphyran isolated from Pyropia yezoensis were investigated. The enzymatic hydrolysate was prepared by hydrolysis of porphyran using ${\beta}$-agarase followed by fractionation based on molecular weight (>300 kDa (Fr-1), 100-300 kDa (Fr-2), 10-100 kDa (Fr-3) and 1-10 kDa (Fr-4) using an ultrafiltration membrane. Each hydrolysate fraction consisted mainly of galactose (42.7-57.5%), 3,6-anhydro galactose (6.5-15.1%) and ester sulfate (8.6-14.1%). The sulfate content of the enzymatically hydrolyzed fractions decreased with an increase in molecular weight, whereas the 3,6-anhydro galactose content increased significantly. The rheological behavior of porphyran and enzymatically hydrolyzed porphyran solutions demonstrated a pseudoplastic behavior, which agrees with the Herschel-Bulkley model. The effect of temperature on the viscosity of the porphyrans and hydolysate fractions were measured and modeled using the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy of the porphyrans and enzymatically hydrolyzed porphyran (Fr-1) increased from 12.30 to 20.29 kJ/mol and 9.06 to 23.84 kJ/mol, respectively with increasing concentrations from 3% to 7%. These data indicate that the extent of the apparent viscosity of porphyran and enzymatically hydrolyzed porphyran are influenced by both temperature and concentration.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.127-131
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• 1998

추출용매비 및 추출시간을 각각 50배 (w/v), 3시간으로 일정하게 하고 추출온도 ($60\~100^{\circ}C$)와 pH($2.0\~13.5$)를 달리하면서 crude porphyran을 제조하여 수율과 화학조성 을 조사하였다. Crude porphyran의 화학조성은 추출온도와 pH에 따라 크게 달라져서 산성영역에서 추출한 crude porphyran은 중성영역에서 추출한 것에 비해 수율 및 황산기 함량은 더 많으면서 단백질을 더 적게 함유하나 분자량도 작아지는 것으로 나타났고, 알칼리 영역에서 추출하는 경우는 황산기가 떨어져 나가고 단백질의 혼입량이 많아지는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 실험목적에 따라 추출조건이 달라져야 함을 알 수 있었는데 수율의 증가 및 저분자화를 위해서는 pH $3\~4$의 조건이, 그리고 시료내 존재하는 porphyran을 분자량의 변화 없이 추출하기 위해서는 중성 영역에서 추출하는 것이 적절할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.630-634
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• 2011

Enzymatic hydrolysate of porphyran from Porphyra yezoensis was prepared by treatment with ${\beta}$-agarase. The hydrolysate was fractioned into molecular sizes of <3, 3-30, and 30-300 kDa using an ultrafiltration membrane. The membrane fractions were further separated into neutral and anionic fractions using Dowex $1{\times}8$ ion exchange chromatography. After hydrolysis of porphyran with ${\beta}$-agarase, 23.2% of the starting porphyran was recovered as a neutral fraction of low-molecular weight (<3 kDa), and 28.9% remained as an enzyme-resistant anionic fraction of high molecular weight (>300 kDa). Desulfation of porphyran and $^{13}C$-NMR analysis of the anionic fraction of low molecular weight (<3 kDa) showed that the anionic fraction has a backbone consisting of 3-linked ${\beta}$-D-galactose units alternating with either 4-linked a-L-galactose 6-sulfate or 3, 6-anhydro-a-L-galactose units. These results indicate that porphryan is a copolymer of two moieties, about 25% of which are composed of neoagarose moieties and 75% as anionic moieties.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2007

The chemical and rheological properties of deproteinated porphyrans from laver Porphyra yezoensis were investigated to obtain basic data for the production of food materials with biological functionality. Deproteinated porphyran was prepared by acid extraction (pH 4.0, $80^{\circ}C$, 4 hr) and successive hydrolysis with 0.5% Alcalase and 0.5% Flavourzyme. The porphyran constituted 10.7% of the dry laver and consisted of 0.6% protein, 14.8% ester sulfate, 3.2% 6-O-methyl galactose, 16.0% 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose, and 67.3% galactose. The effects of concentration and temperature on the apparent viscosity were examined by applying the power law and Arrhenius equations. The porphyran solution showed the typical behavior of a pseudoplastic liquid and the flow behavior index decreased with increasing concentration. The activation energy of the deproteinated porphyran solution at a 1,000 L/s shear rate also increased from $1.4954{\times}10^{4}\;to\;1.9544{\times}10^{4}\;J/kg$ mol with the concentration.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.409-413
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• 2008

A simple method for the purification of porphyran from laver Porphyra yezoensis was developed to obtain information for the development of food materials with biological functionality. Crude porphyran (CP) was extracted from dried laver in boiling water for 3 h, and then fractionated using cetylpyridinium chloride into an acidic fraction (CP-F1) and a neutral fraction (CP-F2). CP-F1 was fractionated further by fractional ethanol precipitation. Fraction CP-F1-70, precipitated at an ethanol concentration of 61-70% was the major fraction containing 68.1% of the yield from the initial fraction CP-F1. The CP-F1-70 fraction displayed a single band on Sepharose CL-4B with a molecular mass of 550 kDa, indicating a homogeneous polysaccharide. The molar ratio of galactose, 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose, 6-0-methyl-D-galactose and ester sulfate of CP-F1-70 was 1:0.32:0.07:0.53. This method is very useful for rapid and large-scale preparation of purified porphyran because it is compatible with mass production.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.108-117
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• 2017

김은 우리의 주요한 식품 자원으로 단백질 함량과 탄수화물의 함량이 매우 높다. 김에는 다량의 단백질과 탄수화물이 존재한다. 특히 탄수화물에는 isofloridoside과 floridoside 등의 유리당 뿐 아니라 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose와 ester sulfate 등을 함유한 porphyran과 xylose, mannose로 이루어진 hemicellulose가 함유되어있다. 본 연구에서는 추출 방법에 따른 porphyran과 hemicellulose의 추출, 분리 조건을 검토하기 위해 열수, 묽은 산, 알칼리로 추출한 추출물의 특성을 조사하였다. 수율은 열수 추출이 가장 높았고, 총당 함량은 묽은 산 추출이, 단백질 함량은 알칼리 추출이 가장 높아 열수와 묽은 산 추출에 의해 수용성 다당인 포피란이 효율적으로 추출되었으며 묽은 산으로 추출시 단백질의 함량이 적었다. 알칼리 추출 조건에서는 포피란의 추출이 적었으나 단백질이 다량 동시에 추출되었고 mannan은 추출되나 xylan은 추출되지 않았다. 효소 가수분해(Protamex, Flavourzyme, Alcalase, Viscozyme) 후 열수 추출한 수용성 다당의 수율은 효소 처리 시료가 34.3-39.1%로 효소 처리하지 않은 대조구에 비해 증가하였고 Flavourzyme 가수분해가 단백질 제거에 가장 효과적이었다. 또한 효소 처리한 수용성 다당의 점도가 저하하였고 의가소성 유체 특성을 나타내었다. 효소 처리 후 열수 추출하고 남은 잔사를 알칼리 추출한 경우 mannan의 함량은 protease인 효소 처리 시료가 Viscozyme 처리한 시료에 비하여 높았다. 반면에 Viscozyme 처리 후 알칼리 추출한 경우는 xylose의 추출 함량이 증가하였다.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2002년도 추계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.100-101
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• 2002

Red seaweeds contain considerable amounts of polysaccharides often having peculiar structures. The major soluble polysaccharide in Porphyra species is porphyran, which usually has a linear backbone composed of alternating 3-O-linked $\beta$-D-galactopyianose and 4-O-linked $\alpha$-L-galactopyranose(or 3,6 anhydro-L-galacto pyranose) residues. But the substituting patterns are very complex. (omitted)

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 1995년도 수산관련공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.276-277
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• 1995

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 1996년도 수산관련공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.202-203
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• 1996