• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1543-1550
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• 2013

In this paper, we study Bayesian estimation for the finite population proportion in binary data under selection bias. We use a Bayesian nonignorable selection model to accommodate the selection mechanism. We compare four possible estimators of the finite population proportions based on data analysis as well as Monte Carlo simulation. It turns out that nonignorable selection model might be useful for weekly biased samples.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.5367-5370
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• 2013

Background: Having knowledge or estimation of cancer incidence is necessary for planning and implementation of any cancer prevention and control programs. Population-based registries provide valuable information to achieve these objectives but require extra techniques to estimate the incidence rate. The present study aimed to estimate the esophageal cancer incidence using a log-linear method based on Tehran population-based cancer registry data. Materials and Methods: New cases of esophageal cancer reported by three sources of pathology reports, medical records, and death certificates to Tehran Metropolitan Area Cancer Registry Center during 2002-2006 were entered into the study and the incidence rate was estimated based on log-linear models. We used Akaike statistics to select the best-fit model. Results: During 2002-2006, 1,458 new cases of esophageal cancer were reported by the mentioned sources to the population-based cancer registry. Based on the reported cases, cancer incidence was 4.5 per 100,000 population and this was estimated to be 10.5 per 100,000 by the log-linear method. Conclusions: Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that an estimated incidence for 2004 of 8.3 per 100,000 population could be a good benchmark for the incidence of esophageal cancer in the population of Tehran metropolis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7517-7522
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• 2013

Background: Cancer incidence rates are increasing particularly in developing countries. It is crucial for policy makers to know basic cancer epidemiology in each region to design comprehensive prevention plans. There have hitherto been no population-based data available for cancer in Khuzestan province. The present report is a first from the regional population-based cancer registry for the period of 2002-2009. Materials and Methods: Data were collected retrospectively reviewing all new cancer patients whom were registered in Khuzestan province cancer registry during an 8-year period (2002-2009). All cases were coded based on the ICD-O-3 coding system and collected data were computerized using SPSS (Chicago, IL) software, version 11.5. The age standardized incidence rates (ASRs) per 100,000 person-year for all cancers were computed using the indirect method of standardization to the world population. Results: During the 8-year study period, 16,801 new cancer cases were registered. Based on the computed ASRs, the five most frequent malignancies in females were breast (26.4 per 100,000), skin (13.6), colorectal (5.72), stomach (4.31) and bladder(4.07) and in males, the five most frequent were skin (16.0 per 100,000), bladder (10.7),prostate (7.64), stomach (7.17), and colorectal (6.32).The ASR for all malignancies in women was 92.5 per 100,000, and that for men was 87.4. Conclusions: The observed patterns from the analysis of Khuzestan cancer registry data will lead to better understanding of the epidemiology of various malignancies in this part ofthe country and consequently provide a useful guide for authorities to make efficacious decisions and policies about a cancer control program for south-west Iran.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.25-34
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• 1989

The author performed on epidemiological study of the TMD in 189 elderly people and 195 young people with Helkimo index. The clinical dysfunction index was based on data from clinical examination and the anamestic dysfunction index was based on data from the interview with the investigated person. The results were as follows : 1. In the elderly population, 27.5% reported that they had subjectively symptom of TMD but 43.4% had sign and symptoms of TMD in clinical examination. 2. The mean values for maximal opening differed significantly between elderly and young populations, 47.22mm and 51.44mm (p<0.001) and less than a 40mm opening was observed 7.9% in elderly population, 0.5% in young population (p<0.001). 3. The mean values for lateral movement to the right and left did not differ with age, which were 8.56mm and 8.47mm in elderly population, 8.90mm and 8.81mm in young population, but the mean value for protrusion differed significantly between elderly and young populations, 6.89mm and 7.64mm (p<0.01). 4. A higher incidence of TMJ noise was recorded in the elderly and young populations than young population, especially crepitus, but a higher incidence of clicking was recorded in young population (p<0.05).

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Rural decline due to the decrease of the local population is an inevitable phenomenon, and a vicious cycle has been formed between a lack of basic living services and a population decrease in rural areas. Therefore, the study aims to derive the migration decision-making characteristics based on basic living service infrastructure data in rural areas. To do this, the population change over the past 20 years was categorized into six types, and the relationship between the classified population change types and the number of basic living service infrastructures was analyzed using decision tree analysis. Of the total 3,501 regions, 801 regions were the continuous decline type, of which 740 were rural areas. On the other hand, among 569 regions that were the continuous increase type, 401 regions were urban areas, confirming the population imbalance between rural and urban areas. As a result of the decision tree analysis on the relationship between population change types and the distribution of basic living service infrastructure, the number of daycare centers was derived as an important variable to classify the continuous increase type. Hospitals, parks, and public transportation were also found to be major basic living services affecting the classification of population change types.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.223-239
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• 2020

It is important for urban planners and policy makers to understand complex, diverse urban demands and social structure, but this is not easy due to lack of data that represents the dynamics of residents at micro-geographical level. This paper explores how to create population data at at a micro-level by allocating population data to building. It attempted to allocate population data stored in a grid layer (100 meters by 100 meters) into a building footprint layer that represents the appearance of physical buildings. For the allocation, this paper describes a systemic approach that classifies grid cells into five prototypical patterns based on the composition of residential building types in a grid cell. This approach enhances allocation accuracy by accommodating heterogeneity of urban space rather than relying on the assumption of uniform spatial homogeneity of populations within an aerial unit. Unlike the methods that disaggregate population data to the parcel, this approach is more applicable to Asian cities where large multifamily residential parcels are common. However, it should be noted that this paper does not demonstrate the validity of the allocated population since there is a lack of the actual data available to be compared with the current estimated population. In the case of water and electricity, the data is already attached to an individual address, and hence, it can be considered to the purpose of the validation for the allocation. By doing so, it will be possible to identify innovative methods that create a population distribution dataset representing the comprehensive and dynamic nature of the population at the micro geographical level.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2009

Objective : We estimated the number of Korean adults with back pain and evaluated population-based associated factors of back pain from a representative sample data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Methods : The number of Korean adults who experienced back pain (experienced patients), those who experienced back pain lasting for three or more months during the past year (chronic patients), and those who were currently suffering from back pain (current patients) were estimated by analyzing the data from the fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted in 2007 using surveyfreq procedure of the SAS statistical package. Population-based odds ratios for being experienced, chronic, and current patient according to demographic (age and gender), socioeconomic (education and occupation), and lifestyle factors (smoking, drinking, and exercise) were estimated using surveylogistic procedure. Results : It was estimated that there were 5,554,256 (proportion, 15.4%; 95% CI, 4,809,466 - 6,299,046) experienced patients, 2,060,829 (5.7%; 1,557,413-2,564,246) chronic patients, and 3,084,188 (8.5%; 2,600,197 - 3,568,179) current patients among 36,107,225 Korean adults aged 20-89 years in 2007. Each of explanatory variables was significantly associated with at least one of the response variables for back pain. Conclusion : Based on our study results, further efforts to investigate epidemiology of back pain, to evaluate associated factors, and to improve treatment outcomes are needed.

• 한국조사연구학회지:조사연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.27-50
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• 2011

도시의 행정수요 측정과 도시경제 운영을 위해 주간활동인구를 파악해야 할 필요성이 증가하였다. 상주인구를 보완하는 개념으로서 센서스의 통근 통학 자료에 근거를 둔 주간인구가 활용되고 있으나 서비스 경제가 압도적인 서울과 같은 대도시의 주간활동인구 파악에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 도시의 주간활동인구를 파악하기 위한 개념으로서 유동인구를 제시하고 서울시 유동인구 조사의 방법을 소개하였으며 주요 분석결과를 제시하였다. 유동인구 조사자료의 분석 결과 센서스 기반 주간인구에서는 파악할 수 없었던 시간대별, 공간대별 도시 주간활동인구의 분포를 밝힐 수 있었다. 끝으로 유동인구 조사자료를 통해 파악한 주간인구와 센서스 기반 주간인구를 자치구 수준에서 비교함으로써 유동인구 조사 자료의 주요 특성들을 밝혔다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.438-442
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• 2006

Reasonably accurate estimation of the exposed population to the distinct levels of noise is essential to the efficient management of urban environmental noise. This study proposes a method of calculating the number of exposed people to industrial noise by using GIS tool and noise mapping. The exposed population of noise based on estimation of the number of people that lived in each building in urban area is compared with the one based on density of population. This study suggests the six step method that consists of gathering the fundamental data, extracting the property from the digital map, noise mapping based on the three dimensional topography, estimating population that lives in each building, merging the various results with GIS tool, and estimating exposed population to industrial noise through analyzing the noise map with GIS tools

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.89-99
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• 2014

도시 내 거주하는 인구의 분포는 다양한 연구에 활용될 수 있는 기초자료로서 중요한 의미를 지닌다. 그러나 이와 관련한 데이터는 정보기밀성 등을 이유로 일정한 공간단위로 집계되어 제공된다. 때문에 제공되는 것과 다른 공간단위나, 더 세밀한 공간분석을 요하는 연구와 활용이 제한된다. 이에 본 연구는 인구분포 데이터가 가지는 한계를 극복하여, 행정구역을 기준으로 한 인구데이터 제공단위보다 세밀한 인구분포를 현실적으로 재현하고자 대시매트릭 매핑 기법을 활용하였다. 대시메트릭 매핑은 주 데이터와 연관된 공간적 보조 데이터를 사용하여 주 데이터의 공간적 분포를 세밀하게 나타내는 지도화 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 서울시 집계구별 인구센서스 자료를 주 데이터로, 건축물 대장을 보조 데이터로 사용하였으며, 모든 인구가 주거용 건축물에 거주한다고 가정하여 주거용 건축물 단위에서 인구분포를 재현하였다. 주거용 건축물을 공간적으로 추출하기 위해 바이너리기법이 활용되었으며. 이후 회귀분석 기법을 활용하여 건물 용도와 층수를 고려한 가중치를 부여해 입체적인 거주인구밀도를 재현하는데 성공하였다. 이를 통해 전체 토지 및 용도구역을 기반으로 한 기존의 방법론보다 현실적용오차를 줄였다. 또한 주거가능 건축물의 주택유형과 층수가 반영된 3차원적 공간자료를 활용하여 주거용 건축물에 거주하는 인구를 추정하는 모델을 도출하여, 정확도가 높고 세밀화 된 인구분포지도를 제작하였다. 본 연구를 통해 도출된 개별 건물 단위의 인구 데이터는 일정한 공간단위로 집계를 재가공한 것으로 정보기밀성의 문제가 없는 세밀한 단위의 인구분포 정보를 제공한다. 따라서 이후 도시 내 재난재해 발생에 따른 영향 인구 파악과 같은, 지역인구를 활용한 다양한 연구에 활용될 수 있는 중요한 자료로써 의미를 지닌다.