• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.123-130
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• 2001

Photoresponsive side chain copolymer and homopolymer containing an aminonitroazobenzene were synthesized for studying photoisomerization behavior and photo-induced anisotropy. Trans-to-cis photoisomerization was observed under the exposure of a circularly polarized visible light with UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. Reorientation of polar azobenzene molecules induced optical anisotropy under a linearly polarized light at 532nm. Polarized absorption spectroscopy was employed to investigate the anisotropy of the polymer film during irradiationg of the excitation light. Layers of two photosensitive polymers were used for aligning liquid crystal(LC) molecules instead of one of the rubbed polyimide layers in the conventional twisted nematic cell. For producing homogeneous alignment of a nematic LC molecule, a linearly polarized light was exposed to the films of two polymers. The stability of the LC alignment upon the linearly polarized light exposure was also studied.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2004

다층 연성기판은 높은 전기 전도성과 낮은 절연상수로 잘 알려진 구리와 폴리이미드로 구성되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 다층연성기판을 패턴된 스테인리스 스틸 위에 구리선을 전기도금하고 폴리이미드를 코팅함에 의해서 균일한 형태의 $5{\mu}m$-pitch의 전도선을 제조하는데 성공하였다. 또한, 다층기판 형성시 비아흘은 UV 레이저로 형성시켰으며 구리와 주석을 전기 도금함으로 이를 채웠다. 그런다음 비아와 전도선이 붙은 채로 스테인리스 스틸에서 벗겨냈다. 이렇게 형성된 각각의 층을 한번에 적층하여 다층연성기판을 완성하였다. 적층시 주석과 구리사이에 고체상태 반응(Solid state reaction)이 발생하여 $Cu_6Sn_5$ and $Cu_3Sn$을 형성하였으며 비아패드에 비아가 수직으로 위치한 완전한 형태의 층간 연결을 형성하였다. 이러한 비아 형성 공정은 V형태의 비아나 페이스트 비아와 비교할 때 좋은 전기적 특성, 저가공정등의 여러 장점을 가지고 있다.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2006년도 6th International Meeting on Information Display
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• pp.776-779
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• 2006

The alignment of liquid crystal (LC) is one of the key issues of liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies. In this study, we aligned polyimide (as the LC alignment layer) by ALT plasma beam and to realize the stability and characteristics of this technology. The characteristics such as anchoring energy, pre-tilt angle, voltage holding ratio(VHR) and residual direct current(Rdc) were discussed. Besides, we applied it to the in plane switch (IPS) mode 23" WXGA real panel, the performance parameters and electrical properties were measured and compared with those of rubbing alignment. From the result, we demonstrated a successful LC alignment treatment process in real panel by ALT plasma beam.

• 폴리머
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2006

방향족 강직사슬 폴리이미드는 높은 주사슬 간의 인력으로 인해 유기용제에 용해되지 않고 상전이온도가 분해 온도보다 높아 응용분야에 많은 제한이 되고 있다. 방향족 폴리이미드의 가공성을 향상시키기 위해서 긴 곁사슬을 도입하면 가공성 향상뿐만 아니라 곁사슬과 주사슬 사이에 독특한 구조를 가지게 됨으로써 새로운 응용분야를 개척할 수가 있다. 본 논문에서는 여러 가지 형태의 곁사슬을 가지는 방향족 폴리이미드의 합성과 화학구조에 따른 물성변화에 대해 논의하고 또한 폴리이미드의 액정배향막, 감광재료, 교대 다층박막, 발광재료 등으로의 응용특성에 관해서도 조감한다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.114-128
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• 2007

Polyimides are one of the most important classes of polymers used in the microelectronics and photoelectronics industries. Because of their high thermal stability, chemical resistance, and good mechanical and electric properties, polyimides are often applied in photoresists, passivation and dielectric films, soft print circuit boards, and alignment films within displays. Recently, fully aliphatic and alicyclic polyimides have found applications as optoelectronics and inter layer dielectric materials, due to their good transparencies and low dielectric constants $(\varepsilon)$. The low molecular density, polarity and rare probability of forming inter- or intra-molecular charge transfers, resulting in lowering of the dielectric constant and high transparency, are the most striking characteristics of aliphatic polyimide. However, the ultimate end use of polyimides derived from aliphatic monomers is in their targeted applications that need less stringent thermal requirements. Much research effort has been exerted in the development of aliphatic polyimide with increased thermal and mechanical stabilities, while maintaining their transparencies and low dielectric constants, by the incorporation of rigid moieties. In this article, the recent research process in synthesizing fully aliphatic polyimides, with improved dimensional stability, high transparency and low $\delta$values, as well as the characterizations and future scope for their application in micro electric and photo-electronic industries, is reviewed.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.75-79
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 폴리이미드 박막위에서의 수직 및 수평배향에서 혼합액정의 배향 특성에 대해서 연구하였다. 혼합액정은 러빙을 이용하여 배향처리하였으며, 러빙에 사용된 폴리이미드 박막은 알킬기를 Side Chain으로 가진 수직배향용 배향막과 그렇지 배향막으로 나누어서 프리틸트각 특성을 측정하였다. 실험결과 혼합액정을 사용하여 양호한 배향상태를 얻을 수 있었으며, 고온에서의 열 안정성에서도 우수한 특성을 보이는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 프리틸트각의 발생 원리를 이해하기 위해서 접촉각 측정을 실시하였으며, 이 둘이 밀접한 상관관계를 갖고 있음을 알 수 있었다

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.430-430
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• 2007

In general, polyimides (PIs) are used in liquid crystal displays (LCDs) as alignment layer of liquid crystals (LCs). Up to date, the rubbing alignment technique has been widely used to align liquid crystals on the PI surface, which is suitable for mass-production of LCDs because of its simple process and high productivity. However, this method has some disadvantages. Rubbed PI surfaces include the debris left by the cloth and the generation of electrostatic charges during rubbing process. Therefore, rubbing-free techniques for LC alignment are strongly required in LCD technology. In this experiment, PI was uniformly coated on indium-tin-oxide electrode substrates to form LC alignment layers using a spin-coating method and the PI layers were subsequently imidized at 433 K for 1 h. The thickness of the PI layer was set at 50 nm. The LC alignment layer surfaces were exposed to an $Ar^+$ ion-beam under various ion-beam energies. The antiparallel cells and twisted-nematic (TN) cells for the measurement of pretile angle and electro-optical characteristics were fabricated with the cell gap of 60 and $5\;{\mu}m$, respectively. The LC cells were filled with nematic LC (NLC, MJ001929, Merck) and were assembled. The NLC alignment capability on ion-beam-treated PI was observed using photomicroscope and the pretilt angle of the NLC was measured by the crystal-rotation method at room temperature. Voltage-transmittance (V-T) and response time characteristics of the ion-beam irradiated TN cell were measured by a LCD evaluation system.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2009년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.159-159
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• 2009

We characterize a flexible self-assembled liquid crystal display (LCD) fabricated from a polyimide (PI) alignment layer with polydimethylsiloxane pixel walls. Ion beam (IB) irradiation aligned LC molecules in the PI layer and bonded two flexible plastic substrates in a one-step assembly of the pixel walls. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy provided chemical and physical evidence for the formation of stable chemical bonds between the PI layer and the PDMS pixel walls in addition to the important maintenance of a uniform 6 um gap between the two substrates without the use of any epoxy resins or other polymers.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 및 기술 세미나 논문집 디스플레이 광소자
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• pp.41-41
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• 2008

In general, polyimides (PIs) are used in alignment layers in liquid crystal displays (LCDs). The rubbing alignment technique has been widely used to align the LC molecules on the PI layer. Although this method is suitable for mass production of LCDs because of its simple process and high productivity, it has certain limitations. A rubbed PI surface includes debris left by the cloth, and the generation of electrostatic charges during the rubbing induces local defects, streaks, and a grating-like wavy surface due to nonuniform microgrooves that degrade the display resolution of computer displays and digital television. Additional washing and drying to remove the debris, and overwriting for multi-domain formation to improve the electro-optical characteristics such as the wide viewing angle, reduce the cost-effectiveness of the process. Therefore, an alternative to non-rubbing techniques without changing the LC alignment layer (i.e, PI) is proposed. The surface of LC alignment layers as a function of the ion beam (IE) energy was modified. Various pretilt angles were created on the IB-irradiated PI surfaces. After IB irradiation, the Ar ions did not change the morphology of the PI surface, indicating that the pretilt angle was not due to microgrooves. To verify the compositional behavior for the LC alignment, the chemical bonding states of the ill-irradiated PI surfaces were analyzed in detail by XPS. The chemical structure analysis showed that ability of LCs to align was due to the preferential orientation of the carbon network, which was caused by the breaking of C=O double bonds in the imide ring, parallel to the incident 18 direction. The potential of non-rubbing technology for fabricating display devices was further conformed by achieving the superior electro-optical characteristics, compared to rubbed PI.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.362-368
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 알킬 사슬 길이에 따른 러빙 처리된 불소화 자기 조립 단분자막(fluorinated self-assembled monolayers; FSAM)의 수직 액정 배향 상태를 보고한다. FSAM의 증착을 위해 간단한 공정인 기체-상 방법이 사용되었다. FSAM의 가시광선 영역대 광학 평균 투과율은 77.63%~78.21%로 75.89%의 투과율을 갖는 기존의 폴리이미드막보다 우수하였다. 또한 프리틸트각 측정과 편광현미경 사진을 통해 FSAM의 우수한 수직 배향 특성을 관찰하였다. 접촉각과 FSAM의 표면에너지 측정을 통해 알킬 사슬 길이에 따른 프리틸트각이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다. FSAM의 높은 광학 투과율과 균일한 수직 배향 특성은 FSAM이 액정 배향막으로서의 가능성을 보여주었다.