• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.279-282
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• 2013

This work presents a theoretical study on the analytical calculation of the lineshape of polarization spectroscopy (PS) for the transition line $5s^2\;^1S_0{\rightarrow}5s5p\;^1P_1$ of $^{88}Sr$. From the obtained analytical form of the PS spectrum, we were able to identify how the saturation affected the lineshape of the PS spectrum. The results obtained will be useful for polarization spectroscopy experiments using the alkaline-earth atoms such as Sr or Yb.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.247-250
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• 1991

In this paper, we have investigated the poling conditons depending upon the electric field and temperature for PZT ceramics with various stoichiometry prepared by wet direct method, and $MnO_2$ dopant. The electric field required for saturation polarization was plotted against temperature $(1,000/T^{\circ}K)$ so that the required field could be estimated at any given temperature by measuring the charge displaced during poling. From this curve it should be possible to predict the field required to produce maximum domain switching at temperature below the Curie temperature, when $MnO_2$ dopant was added to the PZT ceramics, the electric field required for saturation polarization was lowered than that of undoped PZT samples.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제12권8호
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• pp.613-616
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• 2002

The polarization properties of $BaTiO_3$ were investigated by using thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) technique. Two peaks were observed at about 400 K (peak A) and 435 K (peak B) from TSDC spectra obtained from the temperature range of 280-500 K. Peak A shows a sharp decrease of TSDC due to extinction of spontaneous polarization above the phase transition temperature of $BaTiO_3$. The values of activation energy of peak A and peak B were calculated to be 0.70 eV and 0.87 eV respectively. From the results of TSDC measurement with a variation of polarizing electric field strength, we found that saturation of total current of TSDC was started from 3kV/cm. However, the amount of total current of TSDC was not affected by the variation of polarizing time.

• 한국자기공명학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2019

Overhauser dynamic nuclear polarization (O-DNP) has been an efficient method to boost the thermal nuclear polarization in liquids at room temperature. However, O-DNP for a benchtop NMR using a permanent magnet has remained unexplored yet. In this work, we report the development of an O-DNP system adopting a permanent magnet of 1.6 T. Q-band (~43 GHz) high-power amplifier produced 6 W microwave for saturation. Instead of resonator, we used an open-type antenna for the microwave irradiation. For several representative small molecules, we measured the concentration and frequency dependences of the enhancement factor. This work paves the way for the development of a benchtop DNP-NMR system overcoming its disadvantage of low quality signal when using a permanent magnet.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.891-896
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• 1998

The relaxation and elimination characteristics of polarization-photoinduced dichroism have been investigated in amorphous chalcogenide thin films deposited having normal(0。) and obique (80。) vapor incident angles. The dark relaxation kinetics of dichroism from a saturation point(D\ulcorner\ulcorner) to a certain relaxation point(D\ulcorner\ulcorner) grew to be longer on subsequent cycles of switching on and off of the inducing light, and these decays are changed from simple exponential decay to stretched exponential decay. The dichroism induced by a long time(~3.3 hrs) exposure exhibited the characteristics of longer time maintenance and smaller decreasing rate, in contrast with that by a short time (~min) exposure. In addition, the dichroism was eliminated by the exposure of non-polarized He-Ne laser.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.166-173
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• 2001

PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 및 PZT(30/70) 와 같은 강유전체 박막의 이력곡선을 field-dependent polarization 모델을 이용하여 시뮬레이션하고, 측정한 실험적 결과와 비교, 분석하였다. PZT(30/70) 박막의 경우, 5V 이상의 인가전압에서 분극의 포화현상이 둔감하게 나타나고 시뮬레이션 값과의 차이도 심해 강유전체 분극이 순수한 dipole 외에도 다양한 전하의 영향을 받아 형성된다는 사실을 알 수 있다. 또, quasi-MFISFET 소자의 드레인 전류는 field-dependent polarization 모델의 강유전체 이력곡선에서 얻은 파라미터를 square-law FET 모델에 적용시켜 효과적으로 추출하였고, 모델링 결과는 실험값과 유사하였다. 그리고, quasi-MFISFET 소자의 gate 에 -10V의 'write' 전압을 인가한 상태에서 PZT(30/70) 박막을 사용한 경우, PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 박막 보다 빨리 채널이 형성되었는데, 그 원인은 강유전체 박막에 따른 retention 특성에서 PZT(30/70) 박막의 분극 감소가 PLZT(10/30/70), PLT(10) 박막의 분극 감소 보다 약 3∼4 배 이상 크다는 점에서 찾을 수 있다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 Metal-Ferroelecric-Semiconductor FET (MFSFET) 소자의 특성을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 시뮬레이션에서는 field-dependent polarization 모델과 square-law FET 모델이 도입되었다. MFSFET 시뮬레이전에서 C-V/sub G/ 곡선은 축적과 공핍 및 반전 영역을 확실하게 나타내었다. 게이트 전압에 따른 캐패시턴스, subthreshold 전류 그리고, 드레인 전류특성에서 강유전체 항전압이 0.5, 1V 일 때, 각각 1, 2V 의 memory window 를 나타내었다. 드레인 전류-드레인 전압 곡선은 증가영역과 포화영역으로 구성되었다. 드레인 전류-드레인 전압 곡선에서 두 부분의 문턱전압에 의해 나타난 포화드레인 전류차이는 게이트 전압이 0, 0.1, 0.2 그리고, 0.3V 일 때, 각각 1.5, 2.7, 4.0 그리고 5.7㎃ 이었다. 시간경과 후의 드레인 전류를 분석하였는데, PLZT(10/30/70) 박막은 10년 후에 약 18%의 포화 전류가 감소하여 우수한 신뢰성을 보였다. 본 모델은 MFSFET 소자의 동작을 예측하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.104-107
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• 2009

The effects of the magnetic property variation on current-induced magnetization switching in magnetic tunnel junction with perpendicular magnetic anistoropy (PMA) and the soft magnetic polarization-enhancement layers (PELs) inserted between the layers with PMA and the MgO layer was studied. A micromatnetic model was used to estimate the switching time of the free layer by different applied current densities, with changing saturation magnetization ($M_s$) of the PELs, interlayer exchange coupling between PMA layers and PELs. The switching time could be significantly reduced at low current densities, by increasing $M_s$ of PELs and decreasing interlayer exchange coupling.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2002

Properties of lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric thin films prepared by rapid thermal annealing/direct insertion thermal annealing were investigated. The remnant polarization (Pr), saturation polarization (Ps), and coercive force (Ec) of typical samples annealed by rapid thermal annealing (RTA) are about 13.7 $\mu$ C/cm$^2$, 27.1 $\mu$C/cm$^2$, and 55.6 kV/cm, respectively. The dielectric constant of the sample is about 786, the dielectric loss tangent is about 2.4% at 1 kHz. Furthermore, ferroelectric, conduction, and piezoelectric properties of the thin films annealed by RTA process and the direct insertion thermal annealing (DITA) process were compared. The influence of temperature in the dry process on the above properties was also investigated.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.76-83
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• 1999

Fracture toughness({TEX}$J_{IC}${/TEX}) on 304 austenitic stainless steel weldments artificially degraded for long period under SCC environments were evaluated to investigate its reliability and environmental characteristics. Electro-chemical polarization tests were previously carried out to evaluate corrosion susceptiblility of weldment, and stress corrosion cracking was tested under various conditions of 3.5wt.% NaCl solution, the temperature of $25^{\circ}$C and $95^{\circ}$C, and oxygen concentration during 3000hours. From the results obtained, it was found that 304 stainless steel weldment was so susceptible under high temperature and high oxygen concentration of 3.5wt.% NaCl solution, and fracture toughness({TEX}$J_{IC}${/TEX}) was also considerably reduced by material degradation.