• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.47-55
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• 2009

In this study, a robot foot having toes for firm stepping on uneven surface is proposed. The toes are connected to the lower leg by parallel links so that the lower leg can rotate in the rolling and pitching directions during stance phase without ankle joint. The landing performance of the foot on uneven surface was evaluated by relative comparison with that of the most common foot making point contact with the walking surface, since the test conditions considering real uneven surface could be hardly defined for its objective evaluation. Anti-slip margin(ASM) was defined in this study to express the slip resistance of a robot foot when it lands on a projection with half circular-, triangular- or rectangular cross section, assuming that uneven surface consists of projections having these kind of cross sections in different sizes. Based on the ASM analysis, the slip conditions for the two feet were experimentally confirmed. The results showed that the slip resistance of the new foot is not only higher than that of the conventional point contact type foot but also less sensitive to the surface friction coefficient.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.508-519
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• 2020

During transients or accidents, the reactor core is uncovered, and droplets entrained above the quench front collides with the uncovered fuel rod surface. Droplet impact cooling can reduce the peak cladding temperature. Besides zirconium-based cladding, versatile accidental tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings, including FeCrAl, have been proposed to increase the accident coping time. In order to investigate the effect of surface properties on droplet impact cooling of cladding surfaces, the droplet impact phenomena are photographed on the FeCrAl and zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) surfaces under different conditions. On the oxidized FeCrAl surface, the Leidenfrost phenomenon is not observed even when the surface temperature is as high as 550 ℃ with We > 30. Comparison of the impact behaviors observed on different materials shows that nucleate and transition boiling is more intensive on surfaces with larger thermal conductivity. The Leidenfrost point temperature (LPT) decreases with the solid thermal effusivity (${\sqrt{k{\rho}C_p}}$). However, the CHF temperature is relatively insensitive to the surface oxidation and Weber number. Droplet spreading diameter is analyzed quantitatively in the film boiling stage. Based on the energy balance a correlation is proposed for droplet maximum spreading factor. A mechanistic model is also developed for the LPT based on homogeneous nucleation theory.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.463-470
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• 2008

Turbulent coherent structures near rod-roughened wall are investigated by analyzing the database of direct numerical simulation of turbulent boundary layer. The surface roughness rods with the height $k/{\delta}=0.05$ are arranged periodically in $Re_{\delta}=9000$. The roughness sublayer is defined as two-point correlations are not independent of streamwise locations around roughness. The roughness sublayer based on the two-point spatial correlation is different from that given by one-point statistics. Quadrant analysis and probability-weighted Reynolds shear stress indicate that turbulent structures are not affected by surface roughness above the roughness sublayer defined by the spatial correlations. The conditionally-averaged flow fields associated with Reynolds shear stress producing Q2/Q4 events show that though turbulent vortices are affected in the roughness sublayer, these are very similar at different streamwise locations above the roughness sublayer. The Reynolds stress producing turbulent vortices in the log layer ($y/{\delta}=0.15$)have almost the same geometrical shape as those in the smooth wall-bounded turbulent flows. This suggests that the mechanism by which the Reynolds stress is produced in the log layer has not been significantly affected by the present surface roughness.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.76 no.6
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• pp.675-685
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• 2020

As the classical response surface method (RSM), the polynomial RSM is so easy-to-apply that it is widely used in reliability analysis. However, the trade-off of accuracy and efficiency is still a challenge and the "curse of dimension" usually confines RSM to low dimension systems. In this paper, based on the univariate decomposition, the polynomial RSM is executed in a new mode, called as DPRSM. The general form of DPRSM is given and its implementation is designed referring to the classical RSM firstly. Then, in order to balance the accuracy and efficiency of DPRSM, its adaptive order revision around the most probable point (MPP) is proposed by introducing the univariate polynomial order analysis, noted as RDPRSM, which can analyze the exact nonlinearity of the limit state surface in the region around MPP. For testing the proposed techniques, several numerical examples are studied in detail, and the results indicate that DPRSM with low order can obtain similar results to the classical RSM, DPRSM with high order can obtain more precision with a large efficiency loss; RDPRSM can perform a good balance between accuracy and efficiency and preserve the good robustness property meanwhile, especially for those problems with high nonlinearity and complex problems; the proposed methods can also give a good performance in the high-dimensional cases.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1026-1039
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• 2014

We present a new method for generating sweep surfaces using bivariate B-spline motion. The sweep surface is defined as the trace of a single point under bivariate B-spline motion. Direct manipulation of the sweep surface is achieved by controlling its motion components while producing various editing effects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our technique by modeling and deforming various three-dimensional shapes.

• International Journal of CAD/CAM
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 2009

As the point sampling technology evolves rapidly, there has been increasing need in generating tool path from dense point set without creating intermediate models such as triangular meshes or surfaces. In this paper, we present a new tool path generation method from point set using Euclidean distance fields based on Algebraic Point Set Surfaces (APSS). Once an Euclidean distance field from the target shape is obtained, it is fairly easy to generate tool paths. In order to compute the distance from a point in the 3D space to the point set, we locally fit an algebraic sphere using moving least square method (MLS) for accurate and simple calculation. This process is repeated until it converges. The main advantages of our approach are : (1) tool paths are computed directly from point set without making triangular mesh or surfaces and their offsets, and (2) we do not have to worry about no local interference at concave region compared to the other methods using triangular mesh or surface model. Experimental results show that our approach can generate accurate enough tool paths from a point set in a robust manner and efficiently.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 2002

This paper provides validations of the reference stress based J and $C^{*}$ estimations, proposed in Part I, for inner, circumferential surface cracked pipes under internal pressure and global bending against detailed 3-D elastic-plastic and elastic-creep FE results. For this purpose, actual tensile properties of two typical stainless steels (TP304 and TP316) are used for elastic-plastic FE analyses and two realistic creep laws are used for elastic-creep FE analyses. For a total of twenty cases considered in this paper, agreements between the proposed reference stress based J and $C^{*}$ estimations and the FE results are excellent. More important aspect of the proposed estimations is that they can be used to estimate J and $C^{*}$ not only at the deepest point of the surface crack but also at an arbitrary point along the crack front.front.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.310-315
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• 2001

This paper provides validations of the reference stress based J and $C^*$ estimations, proposed in Part I, for inner, circumferential surface cracked pipes under internal pressure and global bending against detailed 3-D elastic-plastic and elastic-creep FE results. For this purpose, actual tensile properties of two typical stainless steels (TP304 and TP316) are used for elastic-plastic FE analyses and two realistic creep laws are used for elastic-creep FE analyses. For a total of twenty cases considered in this paper, agreements between the proposed reference stress based J and $C^*$ estimations and the FE results are excellent. More important aspect of the proposed estimations is that they can be used to estimate J and $C^*$ not only at the deepest point of the surface crack but also at an arbitrary point along the crack front.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2012

This study is to assess the reduction of non-point source pollution loads for rice straw surface covering of upland crop cultivation at a watershed scale. For Byulmi-cheon watershed ($1.21km^2$) located in the upstream of Gyeongancheon, the HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran), a physically based distributed hydrological model was applied. Before evaluation, the model was calibrated and validated using 9 rainfall events. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) for streamflow was 0.62~0.78 and the NSE for water quality (Sediment, T-N, and T-P) were 0.68, 0.60, and 0.58 respectively. From the field experiment of 16 rainfall events, the rice straw covering reduced surface runoff average 10 % compared to normal surface condition. By handling infiltration parameter (INFILT) in the model, the value of 16.0 mm/hr was found to reduce about 10 % reduction of surface runoff. For this condition, the reduction effect of Sediment, T-N, and T-P loads were 87.2, 28.5, and 85.1 % respectively. The rice straw surface covering was effective for removing surface runoff dependent loads such as Sediment and T-P.

• Advances in Energy Research
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.185-202
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• 2022

This research work focuses to design and simulate a 200W solar power system with electrical power conservation scheme as well as thermal power conservation modeling to improve power extraction from solar power plant. Many researchers have been already designed and developed different methods to extract maximum power while there were very researches are available on improving solar power thermally and mechanically. Thermal parameters are also important while discussing about maximizing power extraction of any power plant. A specific type of coolant which have very high boiling point is proposed to be use at the bottom surface of solar panel to reduce the temperature of panel in summer. A comparison between different maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique and proposed MPPT technique is performed. Using this proposed Thermo-electrical MPPT (TE-MPPT) with Deep Learning Algorithm model 40% power is conserved as compared to traditional solar power system models.