• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제70권5호
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• pp.371-383
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• 2011

The number of immunocompromised patients has increased over the past decades due to HIV infection, solid and stem cell transplantation, intensified chemotherapy and treatment of autoimmune disease. Pneumonia is a major cause of both morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. Clinical management of pneumonia is difficult, since differential diagnosis in this setting is broad and includes both infectious and noninfectious processes. Because the development of pneumonia in immunocompromised patients is frequently life threatening, early therapeutic and diagnostic intervention is essential to obtain better outcomes.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

Aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia are clinical syndromes caused by aspiration. These conditions are clinically significant due to their high morbidity and mortality. However, aspiration as a preceding event are often unwitnessed, particularly in cases of asymptomatic or silent aspiration. Furthermore, despite the difference in treatment approaches for managing aspiration pneumonitis and aspiration pneumonia, these two disease entities are often difficult to discriminate from one another, resulting in inappropriate treatment. The use of unclear terminologies hinders the comparability among different studies, making it difficult to produce evidence-based conclusions and practical guidelines. We reviewed the most recent studies to define aspiration, aspiration pneumonitis, and aspiration pneumonia, and to further assess these conditions in terms of incidence and epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, management and treatment, and prevention.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.58-61
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• 2013

Enterovirus commonly causes neurologic diseases (aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, etc.), hand-foot-mouth disease, herpangina, and acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis. However, it rarely causes pneumonia in immunocompetent adults. In Korea, no case has been reported about pneumonia caused by enterovirus in healthy adults. We can cite the case of a 20-year-old woman who presented severe community-acquired pneumonia caused by enterovirus. The diagnosis was based on reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of a respiratory specimen.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.277-282
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• 2009

Pneumonia, which usually requires hospitalization for children, is caused by various pathogens. According to recent surveys, the prevalence of atypical pneumonia caused by Mycoplasma or Chlamydia has increased, especially in preschool children. Also, the evidence has been accumulated that Mycoplasma or Chlamydia infection is associated with asthma including both inception and exacerbation. Therefore, it is important to consider how the clinical aspects of Mycoplasma pneumonia have changed. In particular, Chlamydia pneumonia, which has not been prevalent in Korea, needs greater attention.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.541-544
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• 2020

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia is a recent outbreak in mainland China and has rapidly spread to multiple countries worldwide. Pulmonary parenchymal opacities are often observed during chest radiography. Currently, few cases have reported the complications of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. We report a case where serial follow-up chest computed tomography revealed progression of pulmonary lesions into confluent bilateral consolidation with lower lung predominance, thereby confirming COVID-19 pneumonia. Furthermore, complications such as mediastinal emphysema, giant bulla, and pneumothorax were also observed during the course of the disease.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2024

Objectives To report the improvements after applying modified Sibjeondaebo-tang and Hyangsayangwi-tang on Soeumin patient with dyspnea and arrhythmia as sequelae of aspiration pneumonia. Methods The 88-year-old female patient had the symptoms of dyspnea, sputum, cough, dysphagia, arrhythmia and general weakness after antibiotics for an aspiration pneumonia. Soeumin Sibjeondaebo-tang and Hyangsayangwi-tang were applied to treat these symptoms. Results The respiratory symptoms improved and the cardiac abnormalities, including arrhythmia showed improvement on the electrocardiogram and in cardiac-related biomarkers. Conclusions This case report suggests that Sasang constitutional herbal medicine could improve respiratory and cardiac symptoms as sequelae of aspiration pneumonia.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the impact of nurse staffing level and oral care on pneumonia in elderly inpatients in long-term care hospitals (LTCHs). Methods: Data were obtained from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Services (HIRA) including the profiles of LTCHs, monthly patient assessment reports and medical report survey data of pneumonia patients by HIRA in the fourth quarter of 2010. The sample consisted of 37 LTCHs and 6,593 patients. Results: Patient per nurse staff (OR=1.43, CI=1.22~1.68) and no oral care (OR=1.29, CI=1.01~1.64) were significantly related with hospital acquired pneumonia. The difference in percent of oral care by hospital was not significant between high and low group in nurse staffing level. Conclusion: In order to reduce the occurrence of pneumonia in eldery patients, effective nursing interventions are not only required but also nurse staffing levels that enable nurses to provide the intervention.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.241-249
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• 2017

본 연구는 인공호흡기 적용 환자들의 구강간호에 있어 클로르헥시딘의 적용에 대한 효과성을 분석하고, 이를 토대로 임상에서 실질적으로 구강간호 시행에 있어 명확한 근거를 제시 하고자 시도 되었다. 주요 검색어는 Ventilator associated pneumonia AND (Oral care OR Dental care OR Chlorhexidine*)으로 검색원으로는 국내 RISS, Koreamed, KISS와 국외 MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, CINAHL, Pub Med를 활용하여 2017년 5월까지의 문헌을 대상으로 검색하였다. 총 19편의 연구가 최종 선정되었고, Revman 5.3 프로그램으로 분석 하였으며, RoB (The Cochrane's Risk of Bias)도구를 이용해 문헌의 질을 평가하였다. 연구결과 중환자의 인공호흡기 관련 폐렴 예방에 있어 클로르헥시딘의 적용은 통계적으로 유의한 효과가 있었음이 나타났다.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.302-307
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• 1998

Hemolytic anemia due to cold agglutinin disease is a known complication of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection but is rarely observed, particularly in children. A case of Mycoplasma pneumonia complicated with hemolytic anemia is presented. A 7 year-old girl was adimitted because of fever, cough, sputum and pale appearance. Chest X-ray showed pneumonic consolidation of Rt. upper lobe, lingular division. Laboratory studies disclosed the following values : Hb 5.3g/dL, Hct 11.1%, reticulocyte 2.9%, indirect Coombs test negative, direct Coombs test(monovalent) Anti-C3d positive, Anti-IgG negative, Anti-IgM negative, cold agglutinin titer 1 : 256, mycoplasma antibody titer 1 : 640, total bilirubin 1.0mg/dL. Initial PBS before wanning showed agglutination of red blood cells. The diagnosis of cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia complicating mycoplasma pneumonia was made. And treatment with roxithromycin, prednisolone and avoiding cold exposure was initiated, and complete recovery ensued. We report a case of cold agglutinin hemolytic anemia complicating mycoplasma pneumonia in children.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.96-103
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• 1999

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of mycoplasmal pneumonia of slaugter pigs in Youngnam area during the period from 1995 to 1997. The prevalence and pathomorphology of gross lung lesions were studied from 682 slaughter pigs in 8 swine herds. Gross lesions of pneumonia were recorded in the lungs of 442(64.8%), from 367 out of them(83.0%) were diagnosed as mycoplasmal pneumonia. Microbiological examination was performed with 197 lungs with gross lesions of mycoplasmal pneumonia of slaughter pigs from 8 different swine herds. M hyopneumoniae, P multocida, A pleuropneumoniae, Streptococcus spp, Corynebacterium spp, and H parasuis were detected in 24. 4%, 48.2%, 2.5%, 11.2%, 3.6%, and 1.0% of the pneumonic lungs, respectively. A total of 48 strains of M hyopneumoniae was investigated for their in vitro susceptibility to 8 antibiotics. Among the drugs tested, lincomycin, oxytetracycline, tiamulin and tylosin showed the high activity in minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC) of $0.04{\sim}5{\mu}g/ml$ while erythromycin showed low activity in MIC values($1.25{\sim}{\geq}40{\mu}g/ml$).