• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.1248-1255
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• 2009

This study was carried out to evaluate the fatty acid composition in Nellore cows supplemented with either linseed (n-3) or canola grains (n-6 and n-9). Fifteen Nellore cows, aged five years and bodyweight 550 kg${\pm}$48 kg, were randomly distributed to the following treatments: CON (control), LIN (linseed) and CAN (canola grains). The cows were fed for 80 days. The concentrations of C18:0, C18:2 n-6 and C20:3 n-6 fatty acid were higher (p<0.10) in CON blood plasma in comparison to follicular liquid. Likewise, PUFA, n-6 contents, PUFA:SFA and n-6:n-3 ratios were higher (p<0.10) in blood plasma. On the other hand, C18:1 n-9, C22:5 n-3, MUFA and n-3 contents were lower (p<0.10) in blood plasma. C18:0, C18:2 n-6, C18:3 n-3, C22:5 n-3, PUFA, n-6, n-3 contents and PUFA:SFA ratio were higher (p<0.10) in LIN blood plasma than in the follicular liquid. Nevertheless, C14:0, C16:0, C16:1 n-7, PUFA, C16:0, C18:1 n-9 and MUFA contents were lower (p<0.10) in LIN blood plasma. On treatment CAN, the C18:0 and SFA contents, and n-6:n-3 ratios were higher (p<0.10) in blood plasma. However, C20:3 n-6, C22:5 n-3, PUFA and n-3 contents were lower (p<0.10) in blood plasma. C16:0, C18:0, PUFA, SFA contents and PUFA:SFA ratio did not differ (p>0.10) among the treatments. C14:0, C16:1 n-7, C18:2 n-6 and n-6 contents were higher (p<0.10) for CON and CAN than LIN. C17:1 n-7, C20:4 n-6 and C 22:0 contents were higher (p<0.10) for CAN than CON and LIN. C18:1 n-9, C18:3 n-3, MUFA and n-3 contents were higher (p<0.10) for LIN and CAN than CON. C20:3 n-6 content and n-6:n-3 ratio were higher (p<0.10) for CON than LIN and CAN. C22:5 n-3 content were higher (p<0.10) for CON and LIN than CAN. The concentrations of fatty acids in blood plasma and follicular liquid were not correlated for any fatty acid, independent of the treatment studied. Canola grain added to the diet of Nellore cows resulted in increased concentrations of fatty acids n-6 and n-3 in follicular liquid.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.15-19
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• 2007

This paper reports the effects of Ar ion beam surface treatment on a $SiO_2$ dielectric layer in organic thin film transistors. We compared the electrical properties of pentacene-based OTFTs, treated by $O_2$ plasma or Ar ion beam treatments and characterized the states of the surface of the dielectric by using atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. For the sample which received $O_2$ plasma treatment, the mobility increased significantly but the on/off current ratio was found very low. The Ar ion beam-treated sample showed a very high on/off current ratio as well as a moderately improved mobility. XPS data taken from the dielectric surfaces after each of treatments exhibit that the ratio of between Si-O bonds and O-Si-O bonds was much higher in the $O_2$ plasma treated surface than in the Ar ion beam treated surface. We believe that our surface treatment using an inert gas, Ar, carried out an effective surface cleaning while keeping surface damage very low, and also the improved device performances was achieved as a consequence of improved surface condition.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.558-564
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• 2004

In order to improve the low hardness and low wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V alloy, plasma carburization treatment and CrN film coating were carried out. Effects of the plasma carburization and CrN coating were analyzed and compared with the non-treated alloy by mechanical and creep tests. After plasma carburization and CrN coating treatments, the carburized layer was about 150 ${\mu}m$ in depth and CrN coated layer was about 7.5 ${\mu}m$ in thickness. Hardness value of about $H_{v}$ 402 of the non-treated alloy was improved to $H_{v}$ 1600 and 1390 by plasma carburization and CrN thin film coating, respectively. Stress exponent(n) was decreased from 9.10 in CrN coating specimen to 8.95 in carburized specimen. However, the activation energy(Q) was increased from 242 to 250 kJ/mol. It can be concluded that the static creep deformation for Ti-6Al-4V alloy is controlled by the dislocation climb over the ranges of the experimental conditions.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.475-484
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• 2018

Nitrite is an essential additive for the manufacture of cured meat products. This study was conducted to investigate the curing effect of the plasma treated juice of red Perilla in meat batter. The nitrite content in the juice of red Perilla was increased by the indirect treatment of atmospheric pressure plasma, and the lyophilized powder of red Perilla juice contained 9,133 ppm of nitrite. A meat batter without a nitrite source was prepared as a negative control (NC), and the meat batters cured with sodium nitrite (PC), celery powder (CP), and the lyophilized powder of red Perilla juice treated with atmospheric pressure plasma (PTP) at 70 ppm level of nitrite were prepared. The PTP showed the highest pH and the lowest cooking loss among the treatments. There were no significant differences in the nitrosyl-hemochrome content in the cooked meat batters of the PC, CP and PTC. However, the PTP had a lower CIE $a^*$-value compared to the PC and CP. The malondialdehyde content in the cooked meat batters was significantly lower in the CP and PTP than in the NC while there was no significant difference between the NC and PC. Based on the results of this study, the plasma treated juice of red Perilla can be used as a new natural nitrite source for cured meat products.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.221-229
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• 1999

Certain indigestible oligosaccharides may benefit gastrointestinal tract via fermentation and proliferation of desirable bacterial species. The purose of this study was to elucidate the effect of selected oligosaccharides, such as fructooligosaccharides(FOS), soybean oliosaccharides(SOE), and highly concentrated branched oligosaccharides(HiBOS), on fecal micorflora proliferation, lipid concentration, lipid peroxide formation and antioxidant enzymes acitivies in plasma and liver of the rats. Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to one of four treatments ; 1) control diet(AIN-93G diet); 2) control diet +5% FOS ; 3) control diet + 5% SOE ; 4) control diet + 5% HiBOS. The duration of the study was 4 weeks. Fecal bifidobacteria concentration were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the HiBOS group compared with the control after 4 weeks of dietary treatment. FOS and SOE groups also had higher fecal bifidobacteria levels than control, but statistical significance was not found. The concentration of plasma total lipid was decreased by oligosaccharide consumption, especially in HiBOS group(p<0.05). The concentration of plasma total triglyceride was significantly lower in all of the oligosaccharide containing groups compared with the control(p<0.05). The plasma total cholesterol concentration tended to be lower in the oligosaccharide consuming groups than control. The concentrations of hepatic total lipid, triglyceride and total cholesterol were not affected by consumption of oligosaccharides. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) concentrations and antioxidant enzyme activities in plasma and liver were not affected much by experimental diets. There results suggest that dietary oligosaccharides may be beneficial for increasing intestinal bifidobacteria and lowering plasma lipid levels.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.198.2-198.2
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• 2014

We investigated change of the electronic structure, chemical states and elements ratio in graphene film by using photoelectron spectroscopy (PES). The graphene electrode has attracted considerable interest due to its possible applications in flexible organic light emitting diodes (F-OLEDs). However, to use the graphene for OLEDs, sufficient increase of work function is required, that is related with hole injection barrier. Plasma treatment is one of the most widely used method in OLEDs to increase the work function of the anode such as indium tin oxide (ITO). In this work, we used the plasma treatment, which is generated by various gas types such as O2, and Ar to increase the work function of the graphene film. From these results, we discuss the relation among the change of work function, plasma power, plasma treatment time and gas types.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.313-320
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• 2012

For the preparation of hardened films which can be applied as a binder for flame-resistant materials such as silica, linseed oil was subjected to a low temperature plasma treatment with argon, or oxygen gas. The film was produced much faster than so-called drying of oil in air. The SEM analysis for silica particles embedded in the hardened film after plasma treatment showed that the silica particles were immobilized on substrate and were evenly dispersed. The FT-IR spectral analysis for the plasma-treated linseed oil films demonstrated that the radicals which were formed during the plasma treatments caused the linseed oil to be cross-linked, and the plasmas attacked carbon chains of the oil randomly without focusing on specific vulnerable bonds such carbon double and carbonyl bonds intensively unless exposure times of the plasmas were prolonged too much, while the cross-linking of the air-dried film was considered to occur at the well-known typical sites, i.e., carbon-carbon double bond and ${\alpha}$-methylene carbon. Burning times, as a measure of flame/fire resistance, of silica-filled cellulose substrates, increased with increasing contents of silica.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.221-226
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• 1990

A physiological pharmacokinetic hybrid model was developed in order to predict the disposition kinetics of diphenylhydantoin (DPH) in the brain from the plasma conentration data of DPH. The model was constructed under the assumptions of well-stirred, plasma flow-limited and lienar tissue diposition kinetics of DPH. DPH was administered intravenously to the rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg together with/without sodium salicylate (SA;10 mg/kg) and the DPH concentrations in the plasma and brain were determined. Plasma protein binding of DPH concentrations in the plasma and brain were determined. Plasma protein binding of DPH was also determined using equilibrium dialysis technique. Then the model was tested for its predictability of DPH concentrations in the brian from the plasma data of DPH. It was found that the predicted values of DPH concentrations in the brian were in fair agreement with the experimental values in the rats of both treatments. The 2-fold increase in the brain concentration of DPH by SA-coadinistration was predicted well from the plasma concentration and plasma free fraction ($f_p$) data of DPH using the model. Therefore, the hybrid model was concluded to be very useful for the prediction of the concentrations of DPH in the brain from the plasma concentration data. Finally, DPH concentrations in the human brian was calculated using this model from plasma DPH data in the literature, yet the scale-up of this model to the human is not convinced.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.366-371
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• 2010

Twelve Suffolk${\times}$Small-tail-Han male sheep (body weight 21-26 kg), aged four months, were used to study the effects of volatile fatty acids (VFA) on IGF-I (insulin-like growth factor-I), IGFBP-3 (insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3), GH (growth hormone), insulin and glucagon in plasma, and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in different tissues. The sheep were randomly divided into four groups with 3 sheep in each group. The sheep were sustained by total intragastric infusions and four levels of mixed VFA (the molar proportion of acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid was 65:25:10), which supplied 333, 378, 423 and 468 KJ energy/kg $W^{0.75}$/d, were infused into the rumen as experimental Treatments I, II, III and IV, respectively. The experiment lasted 12 days, of which the first 8 days were for pretreatment and the last 4 days for collection of samples. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken and then the sheep were slaughtered and tissue samples from the rumen ventral sac, rumen dorsal sac, liver, duodenum and Longissimus dorsi muscle were obtained. IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GH, insulin and glucagon in plasma and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in different tissues were analysed. Results showed that the concentration of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GH, insulin or glucagon in plasma and the content of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in the rumen dorsal sac, rumen ventral sac, liver or Longissimus dorsi muscle were increased with VFA infusion level (p<0.05). No significant differences were found in duodenum IGF-I between Treatments I and II and in rumen dorsal sac IGFBP-3 between Treatments II and III (p>0.05). It was concluded that IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GH, insulin and glucagon in plasma and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in rumen dorsal sac, rumen ventral sac, liver and Longissimus dorsi muscle were increased significantly with increasing level of ruminal infusion of mixed VFA.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.513-517
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• 2011

The effects of nonthermal plasma treatments against Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogenes living on polystyrene (PS), sausage casings, and smoked salmon were investigated. Inoculated PS, casings, and salmon were treated with nonthermal plasma generated with helium (5 L/min) or with both helium (5 L/min) and oxygen (100 mL/min) at 60 Hz and 30 kV/cm for 2, 5, or 10 min. S. Typhimurium exhibited the highest sensitivity to the helium-used treatment. The greatest reduction (3.9${\pm}$0.8 log$CFU/cm^2$) was observed with L. monocytogenes on PS after the treatment with the mixed gas for 5 min. The treatment with the mixed gas inhibited L. monocytogenes on casings and salmon by 0.5${\pm}$0.3 log$CFU/cm^2$ and 1.0${\pm}$0.3 log CFU/g, respectively. Different treatment times did not result in different reductions of L. monocytogenes on both casings and salmon. The types of treatment gas and material of contamination need to be considered for evaluating the antimicrobial effects of nonthermal plasma treatments.