• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.235-244
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• 1996

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi의 원형균주인 Karp주와 Gilliam주를 초대 배양된 사람 정상 2배체 폐세포(LuMA cell)를 이용하여 증식과 세포병변들의 속도를 비교할 수 있었고, 배양된 균주는 네스티드 프라이머를 사용하여 혈청형을 동정할 수 있었다. R. tsutsugamushi의 세포벽 외막에 존재하며 혈청형을 결정하는 주요항원은 54-56Kd 단백인 것으로 밝혀지고 있는데, 이 단백 유전자의 DNA 염기서열을 분석하여 Karp주와 Gilliam주의 공통서열로 첫번째 프라이머쌍을 만들었고 첫번째 프라이머쌍의 안쪽에 위치한 혈청형 사이에 차이가 있는 서열로 두번째 프라이머쌍을 만들었다. 네스티드 뉴클레오티드 프라이머는 중합효소 연쇄반응의 특이성을 증가시킬 수 있는데 이 실험 결과로 이 PCR 방법은 scrub typhus의 진단과 혈청형의 동정에 적용될 수 있을 것으로 보여진다.

• 약학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.806-813
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• 1994

These experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Cervi cornu extract on lymphocyte blastogenesis in spleen, thymus, lymph node, born marrow cells of Balb/c mouse, haemagglutination reaction against sheep red blood cell (SRBC), plaque forming cell (PFC) assay against SRBC and IL-2 production. Lymphocyte blastogenesis was determined by $[^3H]-thymidine$ incorporation. According to the lymphcoyte blastogenesis test on the immune cell. Ceriv cornu extrat was showed a potent mitogenic activity on the spleen and lymph node cells, but had mild mitogenic activity on the thymus and born marrow cells. Mitogenic active component of Crevi cornu extract was identified to be materials where molecular weights are higher than 5,000 by membrane filteration method. Cervi cornu extrat was shown to increase mitogenic effect on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated spleen cells significantly, but decrease mitogenic effect on the Con A stimulated spleen cell at the concentration 0.3%, 1% and 3%. Ceriv cornu extract didn't show to be haemagglutination reaction and showed to inhibit the Con A-induced haemagglutination reaction against SREC. Result of SRBC-PEC test. Ceriv cornu extract significantly increase the number of PEC at the concentration of 0.1% and 1%. When IL-2 or IL-4 production was determined by proliferation of CTLL-2 cells. Ceriv cornu extract was not shown to stimulate the production of IL-2. From the above results, it is shown that Ceriv cornu extract increased antibody production by B cells, but nor IL-2 production by helper T cells.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.278-286
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• 2004

Arabinoxylane과 PSP는 농도 의존적으로 비장세포의 증식과 IFN-${\gamma}$ 생산을 유도하였으며 특히, PSP는 IL-2, IL-4, IL-10의 생산도 유도하였다. 그리고, 항체생산 세포수를 나타내는 PFC은 11∼14%, 활성화된 T세포수를 나타내는 RFC은 9∼30% 증가하였다. Arabinoxylane은 T세포의 증식을 유도하지 못하였지만, PSP는 높은 농도에서 T세포의 증식반응을 유도하였다 Arabinofylane과 PSP는 비장세포에서 분리한 B세포의 증식을 유도하였고, 대식세포의 탐식능은약 20∼22%정도 증가하였다. 그리고, 농도 의존적으로 대식세포의 일산화질소 생산을 유도하였으며, TNF-$\alpha$와 IL-6의 생산을 현저하게 유도하였다. 특히, PSP는IL-1$\beta$의 생산도 유도하였다. 또한, 대식세포 표면의 주조직적합 복합체II(MHC Class II)의 발현을 유도하였다. 이상의 결과로 arabinoxylane과 PSP는 면역반응에 관여하는 T세포, B세포 그리고 대식 세포의 다양한 활성을 유도하는 효과가 있는 것으로 생각되어 면역기능을 강화하는 소재와, 노약자나 회복기 환자 등을 위한 특수 식이용 소재로서 사용이 가능한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.327-332
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the immuno-regulatory effect and apoptosis of L1210 and HL60 leukemia cells of methanol-extracts of Cornus kousa Burg(CKB). The proliferation of mouse splenocytes and thymocytes enhanced by the addition of $10\;{\mu}g/ml$ of CKB. CKB were administered p.o. once a day for 7 days in adult male BALB/c mice. CKB increased the splenic and thymic T lymphocytes, especially the number of $T_H$ cells markedly increased by the treatment of CKB. CKB treatment induced the apoptotic cell death in L1210 mouse leukemia and HL60 human leukemia cells. In addition, CKB also accelerated the phagocytic activity in peritoneal macrophages and increased the production of plaque forming cells. These results suggest that CKB have an various immuno-regulatory property.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제20권4호통권51호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2005

In order to investigate the of effects of nalbuphine on immune system in mice, we examined the various immunological parameters. After single oral administration of nalbuphine (130, 260, 390 mg/kg, i.p.) to female ICR mite, the weights of bodies and organs (thymus, spleen, liver, kidney), and hematological parameters were examined on day 2, 4, 6, and 8. The increased rate of body weight, relative weight of organ, and hematological parameters in nalbuphine -treated groups, were not significantly changed when compared with control group. However, number of WBC was decreased by the treatment of nalbuphine. To assess the effects of nalbuphine on humoral immune responses, splenic IgM plaque forming cell (PFC) and serum IgM were assayed. When nalbuphine wat administered after immunization with SRBC, but not before immunization, splenic IgM PFC and ,serum IgM level against SRBC were significantly lowered in a dole -dependent manner. These results indicate that the suppressive effects of nalbuphine on primary humoral immune response may be dependent on the timing of its administration relative to the initial antigenic sensitization.

• 약학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 1989

The humoral immune response of Eicosapentanoic acid(EPA) was investigated in mice. ICR male mice were divided into 8 groups and received intraperitoneal injection of EPA(5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Cyclophosphamide(5 mg/kg) was administered i.p. 2 days prior to secondary immunization. Humoral immune response was evaluated by antibody titer, hypersensitivity to SRBC (Arthus), plaque forming cell(PFC) and organ weight. The ontanined results were as followings: The increased rate of body weight, the ratio of liver weight, spleen weight to body weight were decreased by all EPA administration groups as compared to normal group. HA titer, HY titer and Arthus reaction were enhanced according to the increase of EPA doses as compared to normal group. PFC was significantly enhanced by EPA 10 mg administration group. These results suggest that EPA enhances humoral immune response to SRBC in mice, indicating that EPA may block a immunoglobulin synthesis inhibition of arachidonic acid.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.330-337
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• 1990

The crude polysaccharide from Panax ginseng prepared by hot water extration and precipiation with ethanol was further fractionated into neutral and acidic fractions by DEAE- cellulose ion exchange chromatography. The chemical compositions were 85.0% carbohydrorate and 15.0% protein for the neutral fraction, and 28.4% carbohydrate, 10.0% protein and 29.0% uronic acid for the acidic fraction. The acidic fraction was more effective in increasing of the ratio of spleen to body weight, the number of antibody secreting cells to SRBC and phagocytic activity of reticuloendothelial system, as well as antitumor activity against the solid form of sarcoma 180 in ICR mice than the neutral fraction. All polysaccharide fractions were mitogenic to cultured spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice. However, FA was different from FN in the co-mitogenicities with lectin mitogens. Both crude and acidic fractions potentiated remarkably the mitogenic activity of PHA-P or LPS in dose-dependent manner but neutral fraction enhanced only that of LPS. Three polysaccharide fractions had no effect on that of Con A. These results suggest that the acidic fraction may stimulate B and Td cells as well as macrophages while the neutral fraction may simulate only B cells and macropages.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.496-502
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• 2017

Background: Ginsenosides are the major components of Panax ginseng Meyer, an herbal medicine used for the treatment of various diseases. Different ginsenosides contribute to the biological properties of ginseng, such as antimicrobial, anticancer, and immunomodulatory properties. In this study, we investigated the antiviral effects of 15 ginsenosides and compound K on gammaherpesvirus. Methods: The antiviral activity of ginsenosides was examined using the plaque-forming assay and by analyzing the expression of the lytic gene. Results: 20(R)-Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited the replication and proliferation of murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68), and its half-maximal inhibitory concentration ($IC_{50} $) against MHV-68 was estimated to be $2.77{\mu}M$. In addition, 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 inhibited 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced lytic replication of human gammaherpesvirus in the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-positive cell line BC3. Conclusion: Our results indicate that 20(R)-ginsenoside Rh2 can inhibit the replication of mouse and human gammaherpesviruses, and thus, has the potential to treat gammaherpesvirus infection.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.52-55
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• 1997

Polysaccharides were extracted from mycelia of Phellinus linteus grown under different culture conditions. The in vitro immunostimulating activity was measured by plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay. The activity of the polysaccharides was different from that of mycelia from which was extracted. The number of PFC's ranged from 40 to 600 depending on the media. When P. linteus was cultured on a medium with mannose or starch as a sole carbon source, the fungus produced polysaccharide with the highest activity of 960 PFC. Activity was therefore increased by $50%$ compared with polysaccharide which was extracted from mycelia grown on medium with glucose. pH had little effect on the change in activity. All polysaccharides on media with different pH stimulated about 600 PFC. These results suggest that activity could be increased by polysaccharide modification through changes in physiological conditions.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.324-336
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• 1992

영지버섯 Ganoderma lucidum과 잔나비걸상버섯 Ganoderna applanatum의 원형질체 융합균주 5개에 대하여 항암실험을 실시하여 그 중에서 다른 것에 비해 항암력이 높은 융합균주 F-2를 선발하였다. 그 항암성분을 조사하기 위하여 융합체의 균사를 액내 배양하고 열수추출물로부터 얻은 단백 다당체를 DEAE cellulose ion exchange column chromatography와 Sepharose CL-4B gel filtration을 이용하여 5가지 분획(Fr. I-V)으로 분리, 정제하여 모균주들과의 차이점을 비교, 분석하였다. 모균주와 분리한 각 성분들을 20mg/kg/day 용량으로 마우스의 복강에 투여하였을 때 sarcoma 180 고형암에 대하여 균주보다 융합체 성분(Fr. ll)의 종양억제율이 최고 1.5배로 증가되었다. 그리고 마우스의 면역에 영향을 미치는 항암성분을 연구한 결과, 대조군에 비해 활성화된 대식세포에서 분비되는 superoxide anion의 양을 1.2배, 비장세포중의 용혈반 형성 세포수를 4.3배로 증가시켰다. 화학분석에 의하면 이 성분은 glucose, galactose, mannose, fucose와 xylose로 구성된 다당류가 85.2%이며 15종의 아미노산으로 구성된 단백질이 0.39%이었고, hexosamine이 0.39%로 구성되었으며 분자량은 $5.6{\times}10^4$ dalton이었다.