• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.27-28
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• 2005

본 연구에서는$Cr_2O_3$ 와 $Nb_2O_5$ 를 첨가한 $Pb(Zr_{0.54}Ti_{0.48})O_3$ 세라믹스에서 $Nb_2O_5$ 첨가량에 따른 소결 및 압전, 유전특성을 조사하였다. $Pb(Zr_{0.54}Ti_{0.48})O_3$ + 0.2 wt% $Cr_2O_3$ + wt% $Nb_2O_5$ ($0.{\sim}2wt.%$)의 첨가량에 따른 압전, 유전특성 및 미세구조에 관해 연구하였다. 본조성에서 $Nb_2O_5$ 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 입경의 크기는 증가하였으며, 0.5 wt% $Nb_2O_5$ 첨가조성에서 $4\sim5\mu m$의 최대 평균입경을 보이다가 그 이상의 첨가 조성에서 급격히 감소하였다. 유전상수와 kp 는 $Nb_2O_5$ 첨가량이 1.0 wt% 조성까지 증가하였다가 그 이상 조성에서 감소하였다. $Nb_2O_5$ 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 삼방정(rhombohedral)구조에서 정방정(tetragonal)구조로 상전이 일어났으며, 본 조성의 상경계 영역인 0.5 wt% 조성에서 $\varepsilon_r$ = 730, $k_p$ = 0.72, $d_{33}$ = 450, $g_{33}$ = 70의 우수한 압전 특성을 나타내었다. 이러한 조성은 접촉센서용 복합압전소재의 실용가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.139-141
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• 2008

The piezoelectric properties of tetragonal 0.88Pb$(Zn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3)O_3-0.12PbTiO_3$ single crystals are characterized along the <111> direction, which composed the engineering domain configuration in the tetragonal phase. The <111>-oriented crystal possessed smaller $d_{33}$ values compared to the crystal along the <001> spontaneous polarization direction. Based on phenomenological theory, it is shown that the engineering domain configuration does not enhance the piezoelectric constant in tetragonal 0.88Pb$(Zn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3)O_3-0.12PbTiO_3$ single crystals. In addition, the electrostrictive coefficients of $Q_{12}=-0.03706m^4/C^2,\;Q_{11}=0.10765m^4/C^2,\;and\;Q_{44}=0.02020m^4/C^2$ of tetragonal 0.88PZN-0.12PT single crystals were calculated.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.334-337
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• 2017

In this paper, to develop the ceramics with high $d_{33}$ and high $Q_m$ for ultrasonic transducer applications, $0.10Pb(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-0.07Pb(Mn_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-0.83Pb(Zr_{0.5}Ti_{0.5})_{0.83}O_3$ (PNN-PMN-PZT) ceramics were sintered at $940^{\circ}C$ using $CuO-Li_2CO_3-Bi_2O_3$ (CLBO) as a sintering aid by a traditional solid-state technique. The influence of zinc oxide additive on the physical properties of the prepared ceramics were systematically investigated. The R-T (rhombohedral-tetragonal) phase coexistence was found in the ceramics without zinc oxide additive and with increasing amounts of ZnO additive, the specimens showed a tetragonal phase. The formation of a liquid phase between ZnO and $Bi_2O_3$ contributed significantly to the grain growth of specimens. For the 0.1 wt% ZnO ceramics, the optimal physical properties of $d_{33}=370pC/N$, ${\varepsilon}_r=1,344$, $k_p=0.621$, and $Q_m=1,523$ were obtained.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.177-180
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• 2002

Thickness dependence of crystallographic orientation of diol based sol-gel derived PZT(52/48) films on dielectric and piezoelectric properties was investigated The thickness of each layer by one time spinning was about 0.2 $\mu\textrm{m}$, and crack-free films was successfully deposited on 4 inches Pt/Ti/SiO$_2$/Si substrates by 0.5 mol solutions in the range from 0.2 $\mu\textrm{m}$ to 3.8 $\mu\textrm{m}$. Excellent P-E hysteresis curves were achieved without pores or any defects between interlayers. As the thickness increased , the (111) preferred orientation disappeared from 1$\mu\textrm{m}$ to 3 $\mu\textrm{m}$ region, and the orientation of films became random above 3 $\mu\textrm{m}$. Dielectric constants and longitudinal piezoelectric coefficient d$\_$33/, measured by pneumatic method were saturated around the value of about 1400 and 300 pC/N respectively above the thickness of 0.8 7m. A micromachined piezoelectric cantilever have been fabricated using 0.8 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness PZT (52/48) films. PZT films were prepared on Si/SiN$\_$x/SiO$_2$/Ta/Pt substrate and fabricated unimorph cantilever consist of a 0.8 fm thick PZT layer on a SiNx elastic supporting layer, which becomes vibration when ac voltage is applied to the piezoelectric layer. The dielectric constant (at 100 kHz) and remanent polarization of PZT films were 1050 and 25 ${\mu}$C/$\textrm{cm}^2$, respectively. Electromechanical characteristics of the micromachined PZT cantilever in air with 200-600 $\mu\textrm{m}$ lengths are discussed in this presentation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.210-214
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• 2016

We investigated the sintering behavior and piezoelectric properties of lead-free $(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})NbO_3$ ceramics co-doped with excess 0.01 mol ZnO and x mol $MnO_2$, where x was varied from 0 to 0.03. Excess $MnO_2$ addition was found to retard the grain growth and densification during sintering. However, 0.005 mol $MnO_2$ addition improved the piezoelectric properties of 0.01 mol ZnO added $(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})NbO_3$ ceramics. The planar mode piezoelectric coupling coefficient, electromechanical quality factor, and piezoelectric constant $d_{33}$ of 0.01 mol ZnO and 0.005 mol $MnO_2$ added specimen were 0.40, 304, and 214 pC/N, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.363-367
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• 2008

Lead-free $(K_{0.44}Na_{0.52})(Nb_{0.86}Ta_{0.10})-0.04LiSbO_3$ piezoelectric ceramics have been synthesized by conventional sintering process and then investigated on the sintering and piezoelectric properties by high energy ball milling (HEBM) treatment. The powders milled for different time are characterized by XRD, FE-SEM. The powders are pressed into a pellet and sintered. It is found that the piezoelectric properties of sintered specimens are strongly dependent on the milling time. The piezoelectric properties are enhanced by high energy ball milling treatment. The planer electromechanical coupling factor ($k_p$) and piezoelectric constant ($d_{33}$) of a specimen sintered at $1050^{\circ}C$ are 0.44 and 267 pC/N, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.317-321
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• 2002

Piezoelectric properties of $(Pb_{1-x}Y_x)[(Ni_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})_{0.15}(Zr_{1/2}Ti_{1/2)})_{0.85}]O_{3}$ (x=0~0.05) ceramics were investigated, The stoichiometric PNN-PZT ceramics required the sintering temperature above $1100^{\circ}C$, but the addition of $Y_{2}O_{3}$ in the PNN-PZT ceramic lowered the sintering temperature down to $1000^{\circ}C$. In case of x=0.005, the electro-mechanical coupling $factor(K_p)$, the piezoelectric $constant(d_{33})$, and the maximum strain ratio of PNN-PZT ceramics sintered at $1000^{\circ}C$ were 53.1%, 395pC/N, and $2200{\times}10^{-6}$ respectively, A 30-layer piezoelectric actuator$(10{\times}10{\times}1.7mm)$ fabricated with the above material showed the maximum strain of $2.09{\mu}m$ under 100V DC bias.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.271-271
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• 2006

The structural, dielectric and piezoelectric properties of $[Bi_{1-x}(Na_{0.7-x}K_{0.2}Li_{0.1})]_{0.5}BaxTiO_3$ (BNKLBxT) ceramics were studied for the compositional range, x = 0-0.08. The samples were prepared by conventional sintering technique. The result of X-ray diffraction (XRD) suggest that $Ba^{2+}$ diffuse into the $[Bi(Na_{0.7}K_{0.2}Li_{0.1})]_{0.5}TiO_3$ (BNKLT) lattices to form a solid solution with a single phase perovskite structure. The ceramic show excellent piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties, and optimum properties measured are as follows: piezoelectric constant $d_{33}=230pC/N$, planar electromechanical coupling factor $k_p\;=\;40.3%$, remanent polarization $P_r\;=\;30\;{\mu}C/cm^2$, and coercive field $E_c\; =\;2.5\;kV/mm$, respectively.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.487-493
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• 2018

The impact of different mixing methods and sintering temperatures on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of PZNN-PZT ceramics is investigated. To improve the sinterability and piezoelectric properties of these ceramics, the composition of $0.13Pb((Zn_{0.8}Ni_{0.2})_{1/3}Nb_{2/3})O_3-0.87Pb(Zr_{0.5}Ti_{0.5})O_3$ (PZNN-PZT) containing a Pb-based relaxor component is selected. Two methods are used to create the powder for the PZNN-PZT ceramics. The first involves blending all source powders at once, followed by calcination. The second involves the preferential creation of columbite as a precursor, by reacting NiO with $Nb_2O_5$ powder. Subsequently, PZNN-PZT powder can be prepared by mixing the columbite powder, PbO, and other components, followed by an additional calcination step. All the PZNN-PZT powder samples in this study show a nearly-pure perovskite phase. High-density PZNN-PZT ceramics can be fabricated using powders prepared by a two-step calcination process, with the addition of 0.3 wt% MnO2 at even relatively low sintering temperatures from $800^{\circ}C$ to $1000^{\circ}C$. The grain size of the ceramics at sintering temperatures above $900^{\circ}C$ is increased to approximately $3{\mu}m$. The optimized PZNN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics show a piezoelectric constant ($d_{33}$) of 360 pC/N, an electromechanical coupling factor ($k_p$) of 0.61, and a quality factor ($Q_m$) of 275.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.189-189
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• 2008

Due to the environmental issue vast research is going on to replace the widely used lead contented piezoelectric materials. Bismuth sodium titanate (abbreviated as BNT) based bismuth sodium titanate-barium titanate (abbreviated as BNBT) ceramic was prepared by using modified method rather than conventional mixed oxide method. This modification was made to improve the properties of BNT based ceramic. In this procedure $BaTiO_3$ (abbreviated as BT) was prepared using conventional mixed oxide method. Analytical grade raw materials of $BaCO_3$ and $TiO_2$ were weighted and ball milled using ethanol medium. The mixed slurry was dried and sieved under 80 mesh. Then the powder was calcined at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. This calcined BT powder was used in the preparation of BNBT. Stoichiometric amount of $Bi_2O_3$, $Na_2CO_3$, $TiO_2$ and BT were weighted and mixed by using ball mill. The used calcination temperature was $850^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. Calcined powder was taken for another milling step. BNBT disks were pressed to 15 mm of diameter and then cold isostatical press (CIP) was used. Pressed samples were sintered at $1150^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. The SEM microstructure analysis revealed that the grain shape of the sintered ceramic was polyhedral and grain boundary was well matched where as the sample prepared by conventional method showed irregular arrangement and grain boundary not well matched. And sintered density was better (5.78 g/cc) for the modified method. It was strongly observed that the properties of BNBT ceramic near MPB composition was found to be improved by the modified method compare to the conventional mixed oxide method. The piezoelectric constant dB of 177.33 pC/N, electromechanical coupling factor $k_p$ of 33.4%, dielectric constant $K_{33}^T$ of 688.237 and mechanical quality factor $Q_m$ of 109.37 was found.