• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1034-1040
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• 1998

The nutritional quality and physiological activity of cultivated hoelen from 13 months to 24 months were examined to compare with natural hoelen. General compositions of hoelen were as follows re spectively; crude protein 1.80~2.50%, crude fat 0.68~1.23%, crude ash 0.12~0.43%, crude fiber 6.30~7.14%, nitrogen free extract 89.25~90.44%. The major free sugar was glucose, and the content of 13 months cultivated hoelen was higher than any other cultivated hoelen. The major fatty acids of hoelen were linoleic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and oleic acid. The ratio of unsaturated fatty acids was 62.62~77.96% and the content was higher in cultivated hoelen than in natural hoelen. The contents of amino acid were high in the order of tyrosine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and serine, and increased as the day of cultivation became longer. The contents of mineral components were higher in the order of Ca, K, Mg and the contents of Na and Ca were higher in natural hoelen than in cultivated hoelen. The contents of pachymic acid and dehydropachymic acid was similar in the natural and cultivated hoelen. On the results of antimicrobial test the ethanol extract showed a stronger effect than water extract, and had an excellent antimicrobial activity on Micrococcus luteus and Escherichia coli. The ethanol extract of hoelen showed comparatively strong electron donating ability. The ethanol extract of hoelen showed a high inhibition activity on the growth of lung cancer, ovary cancer, skin cancer, central nerve cancer and rectum cancer, especially the activity of 19 months cultivated hoelen was the highest. On the above results of nutritional quality and physiological activity of hoelen, it is supposed that the picking date of cultivated hoelen was suitable over than 19 months.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.82-86
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• 2009

본 논문은 시스템의 클록을 이용하여 클록 및 데이터를 복원하는 회로를 설계하였다. 설계된 회로에는 시스템의 클록을 만들어주는 PLL부분과 클록을 받아 데이터를 복원하는 데이터 복원회로부분으로 구성되어 있다. 데이터 복원회로에서는 1/4-rate 위상검출기를 이용하여 데이터보다 시스템의 클록주파수를 낮추어 설계하여 PLL의 부담을 줄일 수 있었고 데이터 picking 방식으로 설계하여 적은 지터특성을 보였다. 설계된 클록 데이터 복원회로는 $0.18{\mu}m$ 1P6M CMOS공정으로 설계되었고 칩 면적은 $1{\times}1mm^2$이다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.77-85
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• 1997

This study aims to determine the optimal picking time and the favorate variety for Ume processing. The changes of physicochemical components and flavors of 6 varieties of the Ume were investigated during maturing. Average weight of the fruit increased to the range of 151-292% from 70 days to 90 days after blooming. The hardness of fruit decreased during maturing and Koume variety was not suitable for processing among the last harvesting samples. Moisture and ash were reached to 89-91%, 0.57-0.69%, respectively, and the ash content increased during maturing. Among the Ume varieties, relatively high content of total acid was observed in Oshuku and Koume. The major organic acid were malic, citric, succinic, and tartaric acid. The content of malic acid decreased significantly, whereas citric acid increased during maturing. Thirty five kinds of flavor components were identified from the Ume fruit and main components were ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and organic acid derivatives. Koume contained a large amount of flavor components among the Ume and the content increased during maturing.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2012

자운영포장에서 알팔파바구미 유충 및 성충의 조사방법에 따른 효율을 평가하기 위하여 본 실험을 수행하였다. 알팔파바구미 유충 밀도를 Shake-bucket, Shake-picking, Sweeping net 방법을 사용한 결과 조사지역 3곳에서 조사방법과 조사시기에 따라 유의하게 차이가 있었다. 포충망을 이용하여 유충밀도를 조사한 결과 4월초까지 유충을 조사할 수 없어 초기에 발생하는 유충을 조사하는데 적합하지 않았다. Shake-bucket과 Shake-picking을 이용한 조사에서 유충발생이 3월 중순부터 확인되었으며, 두 방법간에 차이는 없었다. 미끼를 넣은 Pitfall trap을 이용하여 알팔파바구미 성충 밀도를 조사한 결과 유인조건에 따라 유의하게 차이가 있었다(p<0.018). 각 처리간 성충 유인수를 조사한 결과 싹 틔운 강남콩 92마리, 강낭콩 종자 42마리, 트랩만 설치한 것에서 39마리로 싹 틔운 콩을 넣은 트랩에서 밀도유인 효과가 가장 좋았다. 자운영답에서 알팔파 바구미를 조사할 때 초기 발생하는 유충은 Shake-bucket법을 성충은 싹 틔운 강남콩을 미끼로 하는 pitfall trap을 이용하는 것이 좋다.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.341-341
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• 2006

Nanofishing enabled us to stretch a single polymer chain with picking it at its two modified termini using atomic force microscope (AFM). Stress-strain curves obtained to date had been the result on slow pulling events and therefore observed phenomena had been interpreted as quasi-static responses. In this study, we extended the capability of nanofishing to the phenomena far from equilibrium state by giving much faster pulling speeds. We could observe a momental increase entanglement and a successive stress relaxation.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.326-332
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• 1999

In order to develope useful components and to apply in food additives, various components in the leaves of baechohyang were determined according to picking date. Moisture and ash were reached to 74~82%, 1.5~3.4%, respectively, and major sugars were fructose, glucose, sucrose, and maltose. Glutamic, aspartic acid, and leucine constituted the main component amino acids and their contents were relatively higher in the samples of summer and young leaves. Among free amino acids, histidine showed the highest components and methionine were the lowest. Potassium, calcium, and sodium were main mineral components. The content of ascorbic acid were 6.6~9.2mg% and seasonal variations were negligible. Muture leaves contained more polyphenols as much as 108~181mg% and the amount of bound fractions were much more. Periodic evaluation of phenolic compounds were made and major components of bound fractions were caffeic, syringic, and ferulic acid.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.449-455
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• 2002

This paper considers that advanced planning and scheduling (APS) in manufacturing and the efficient purchasing where each customer order has its due date and multi-suppliers exit We present a Make-To­Order Supply Chan (MTOSC) model of efficient purchasing process from multi-suppliers and APS with outsourcing in a supply chain, which requires the absolute due date and minimized total cost. Our research has included two states. One is for efficient purchasing from suppliers: (a) selection of suppliers for required parts; (b) optimum part lead­time of selected suppliers. Supplier selection process has received considerable attention in the business­management literature. Determining suitable suppliers in the supply chain has become a key strategic consideration. However, the nature of these decisions usually is complex and unstructured. These influence factors can be divided into quantitative and qualitative factors. In the first level, linguistic values are used to assess the ratings for the qualitative factors such as profitability, relationship closeness and quality. In the second level a MTOSC model determines the solutions (supplier selection and order quantity) by considering quantitative factors such as part unit price, supplier's lead-time, and storage cost, etc. The other is for APS: (a) selection of the best machine for each operation; (b) deciding sequence of operations; (c) picking out the operations to be outsourcing; and (d) minimizing makespan under the due date of each customer's order. To solve the model, a genetic algorithm (GA)-based heuristic approach is developed. From the numerical experiments, GA­based approach could efficiently solve the proposed model, and show the best process plan and schedule for all customers' orders.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.135-141
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• 2011

The present study was carried out from September 2007 to February 2008 in Umfakarin natural forest reserve, South Kordofan, Sudan. The objective was to analyze the effect of different management strategies on yield of gum talha from Acacia seyal. A total of 493 single target trees were selected, based on their diameters, and assigned to tapping treatments in three different stand densities (making a total of nine treatments per stand density). The treatments are as follows: tapping date with three levels (first of October, 15 October and first of November) and two levels of local tapping tools (sonki, and makmak). Untapped trees were used as control. The first picking of gum was started fifteen days after tapping while the subsequent pickings were done in intervals of fifteen days. Yield per tree throughout the season was obtained by summing up the gum yield from all pickings. Yield throughout the season (from first to the last picking) were analyzed. General linear model (GLM) was used to test the effect of different tapping treatments on the yield of gum talha. Post hoc test after analysis of variance (ANOVA) based on Scheffe test was performed to examine the differences in gum yield as a result of different management strategies. The results showed that tapping has a significant influence on gum yield. Analysis of pick-to-pick yield indicated that only three treatments in dense stand density showed a decreasing pattern while the rest of treatments either have constant or unclear patterns. The results of the present study were based on a single season data and that may underscore the real effect of Acacia seyal stands' management strategies on gum talha yield. Conducting gum yield experiments in permanent trial plots are highly recommended in order to analyze gum yield of seasonal time series.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.42-45
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• 2002

매실 품종별, 수확시 기별, 부위별 그리고 매실농축액과 매실차 등 매실가공식품의 저장기간에 따른 시안화합물의 변화를 측정하여 얻은 결과는 다음과 같다. 매실 품종별 숙성과정 중 amygdalin 함량의 변화는 과육의 경우 수분후 미숙과인 70일경에는 3개품종이 비슷하였으나 앵숙이 20.2 mg%로 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 핵인의 경우는 재래종에서 562 mg%로 나타나 다른 품종에 비하여 1.5∼2.4배 더 높았으며, 부위별로 보면 핵인이 과육보다 10∼30배 정도 높은 함유량을 보였다. 그러나 매실이 성숙되어 가는 과정 중에 전반적으로 모든 품종이 점차 감소하는 경향이 뚜렷하게 나타났으며, 미숙과일때에 비하여 황숙기에는 그 함량이 1/3정도로 감소하였고, 핵인 역시 1/2∼1/5배정도로 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 매실 품종별 숙성과정 중 prunasin 함량의 변화를 보면 과육의 경우 수분후 미숙과인 70일경에는 재래종이 가장 적은 함량을 보였으며, 매실이 숙성되어 감에 따라 약간 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 핵인의 경우에도 수분후 미숙과에서 재래종에서 177 mg%로 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 과육에 비해 약 10배의 높은 함유량을 보였다. 그러나 매실이 숙성되어 감에 따라 품종별로 약간씩의 차이는 있지만 전반적으로 그 함량이 크게 증가하는 경향이 뚜렷이 나타났다. 매실농축액의 저장중 6개월 동안의 amygdalin과 prunasin의 변화를 보면 냉동저장한 시료구는 두 성분 모두가 거의 변화되지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 자연숙성시킨 시료구에서는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 amygdalin은 현저하게 감소되고 prunasin은 점차 증가함을 보였다. 매실차액의 저장중 6개월 동안의 amygdailn과 pnmasin의 변화를 보면 역시 냉동저장한 시료구는 두 성분 모두가 거의 변화되지 않은 것으로 나타났으나 자연숙성시킨 시료구에서는 저장기간이 경과함에 따라 amygdalin은 현저하게 감소되고 prunasin은 점차 증가함을 보였다. Benzoic acid는 저장방법에 별로 영향을 받지 않았으나 과일, 매실농축액 등에서 흔적 정도 검출되었으며 매실 차에서 5∼7 mg%가 검출되었다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.128-138
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• 2011

Objectives: It has been pointed out that there are problems in handling and managing chemicals due to trade secrets of Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS). To date, some company intentionally leave out of several parts and use an inaccurate expression in MSDS. In particular, with the result of the inspection of the government and labour community, it is required that the 2nd section in MSDS included the composition and information on ingredients has to be provided with comprehensive expression to secure more reliability. Methods: Therefore, this study is aimed: 1) to recognize the current status of trade secrets of MSDS in workplaces with both domestic manufacturers of chemical products and multinational corporations; 2) to make contributions to prevention of the industrial accidents by providing the accurate information of MSDS; 3) to improve the risk communication system related with chemicals; 4) to impress workers on the importance of right of known for MSDS. With the result we analyzed the status of trade secrets in MSDS in 73 companies, such as petrochemistry production, paint production, metal processing oil production, detergent production, and international company related with chemicals, we have found that 38,150 (45.5%) have the trade secrets parts in the total number of 83,832 in MSDS. Also, based on the 288 MSDS gathered by the Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute (OSHRI) from 2005 to 2009, 41.7% of the MSDS are classified into the trade secrets. Conclusions: Therefore, to procure an assurance system of MSDS, we suggest that a MSDS picking up and checking system be legislated in the Occupational Safety and Health Act to protect workers from the unidentified chemical hazards due to the secret trade of MSDS.