• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.3057-3064
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 뇌졸중 환자의 건강신념과 환자의 운동기능 재활 이행 및 일상생활동작 수행능력의 관계를 파악하고 뇌졸중 환자의 성공적인 재활 프로그램에 대한 기초 자료를 제공함으로써 임상에서 뇌졸중 환자의 재활시 근거자료로 활용하고자 시도되었다. 전라북도 J시에 소재하고 있는 D병원에 뇌졸중으로 진단 받고 입원 치료중인 뇌졸중 환자들을 대상으로 본 연구목적을 이해하고 연구 참여에 동의한 환자에게 총 150부의 설문지를 배부한 후 132부를 회수하였고 그 중 자료가 불충분한 11부를 제외한 총 121부를 자료 분석하고, 평가를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS for Window(ver.12.0) 프로그램을 사용하여 대상자 일반적 특성을 파악하기 위해 빈도분석을 하였으며, 건강신념과 운동기능 재활 이행 및 일상생활동작 수행능력 사이의 상관관계를 알아보기 위하여 이변량 상관분석과 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구결과 지각된 민감성, 지각된 유익성, 지각된 심각성이 높아질수록 운동기능 재활 이행이 높았으며, 지각된 장애성 낮을수록 운동기능 재활 이행이 높아지는 것을 확인하였다.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.257-268
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to assess the loading distributing characteristics of implant prosthesis according to position and direction of load, under vertical and inclined loading using FEA analysis. The finite element model was designed according to standard fixture (4.1mm restorative component x 11.5mm length). The crown for mandibular first molar was made using UCLA abutment. Each three-dimensional finite element model was created with the physical properties of the implant and surrounding bone. This study simulated loads of 200N at the central fossa in a vertical direction (loading condition A), 200N at the outside point of the central fossa with resin filling into screw hole in a vertical direction (loading condition B), 200N at the centric usp in a $15^{\circ}$ inward oblique direction (loading condition C), 200N at the in a $30^{\circ}$ inward oblique direction (loading condition D) or 200N at the centric cusp in a $30^{\circ}$ outward oblique direction (loading condition E) individually. Von Mises stresses were recorded and compared in the supporting bone, fixture, and abutment screw. The following results have been made based on this study: 1. Stresses were concentrated mainly at the ridge crest around implant in both vertical and oblique loading but stresses in the cancellous bone were low in both vertical and oblique loading. 2. Bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. The magnitude of the stress was greater with the oblique loading than with the vertical loading. 3. An offset of the vertical occlusal force in the buccolingual direction relative to the implant axis gave rise to increased bending of the implant. 4. The relative positions of the resultant line of force from occlusal contact and the center of rotation seems to be more important. 5. The magnitude of the stress in the supporting bone, fixture and abutment screw was greater with the outward oblique loading than with the inward oblique loading and was the greatest under loading at the centric cusp in a $30^{\circ}$ outward oblique direction. Conclusively, this study provides evidence that bending moments resulting from non-axial loading of dental implants caused stress concentrations on cortical bone. But it seems to be more important that how long is the distance from center of rotation of the implant itself to the resultant line of force from occlusal contact(leverage). The goal of improving implants should be to avoid bending of the implant.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제17권8호통권88호
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• pp.1166-1171
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• 2007

면역학이 발점함에 따라서 인간의 면역체계에 영향을 미치는 많은 요인들에 대한 수많은 연구들이 진행되고 있다. 연령, 영야상태, 스트레스, 질병, 비만, 고지혈증, 장애 등 무수히 많은 변인들이 면역방응에 직접적인 영향을 주고 있으나 운동 또한 상당한 영향력이 있어, 운동시 나타나는 면역 반응에 대하여 고찰하게 되었다. 규칙적인 운동은 초기면역과 그 이후의 적응면역을 증진시키며 특히 적응면역 중 세포 매개 면역반응과 항체매개 면역반응에 영향을 미치는 것으로 알려져 있다. 하지만 이러한 운동도 몸의 상태가 건강하거나 몸에 맞는 운동을 규칙적으로 실시해야 효과적이며, 운동의 경험이 없거나 스트레스나 질병이 있는 상태에서의 운 동은 오히려 신체에 부담을 주어 면역력을 악화하는 결과를 초래하게 된다. 또한 일회성의 운동도 체력수준에 맞게 수행되어야 하는데, 장시간 너무 무리하게 수행하면 에너지 고갈과 함께 면역력의 감소를 초래하여 상기도 감염과 같은 질환을 야기하게 된다. 따라서 무리한 운동 후 'open window' 시기에 적절한 이온음료의 섭취, 영양분 공급 및 휴식은 건강 관리에 필수적이라 할 수 있다. 또한 수행한 운동이 규칙적이라 할지라도 운동은 운동 환경이나 선천적인 요소에 따라 운동 유발성 천식을 포함하는 운동 유발성 알레르기 질환을 야기하는 환경을 조성할 수 있으므로 본론에서 제시한 지식을 바탕으로 마라톤과 같은 장기간 운동 시 특히 주의해야 할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2013

1960년대 후반 이래로 수행된 여러 진삼축압축시험 결과에 의하면 암석의 파괴강도는 중간주응력의 크기에 상당한 영향을 받는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 이러한 실험적 결과를 바탕으로 지금까지 중간주응력이 파괴에 미치는 영향을 고려할 수 있는 다양한 3차원 파괴조건식들이 제안되고 있다. 그러나 문헌에 보고된 대부분의 3차원 파괴기준식들은 암석의 진삼축압축 강도를 현상학적으로 재현하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었기 때문에 관련된 강도정수들의 역학적 의미가 명확하지 않다. 이 연구에서는 암석강도의 중간주응력 의존성이 암석 내에 포함된 연약면들의 공간적 분포특성과 관련성이 있다는 가능성을 확인하기 위해 평면이방성 암석모델을 대상으로 수치 진삼축압축시험을 수행하였다. 미소구조텐서 개념을 활용하여 이방성 Mohr-Coulomb 파괴기준식을 개발하였으며 이를 강도기준식으로 활용하고 임계면법을 적용하여 평면이방성 암석의 파괴강도 및 파괴면 방향의 중간주응력 의존성을 분석하였다. 분석결과는 암석에 포함된 미시적 연약면들의 주응력 방향에 대한 방향성이 암석강도의 중간주응력 의존성과 밀접한 관련성이 있음을 암시해준다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권6호통권134호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2005

아스펜 목재(Populus tremuloides, L.)를 Ceriporiopsis subvermispora로 1, 2, 4, 6주 동안 부후 처리한 후, 목재의 화학적 성상변화를 관찰하였으며, 부후목재로부터 리그닌(MWL)을 단리하여 Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) 분석과 nitrobenzene oxidation (NBO)을 실시하였다. 부후가 진행되면서 목재내 리그닌의 함량은 계속 감소하여 6주 후에는 미처리재와 비교하여 20%까지 감소하였다. 리그닌은 균주처리에 의하여 저분자화되어 알칼리에 쉽게 용출되는 것으로 예측된다. 부후목재의 전섬유소(Holocellulose) 함량은 미처리재와 비교하여 5~6% 정도 감소하였다. 부후 과정 동안 $\alpha$-셀룰로스의 함량은 커다란 변화가 관찰되지 않았으나, xylose의 함량은 대조구의 23.4%에서 6주후에는 18%까지 감소하였다. 아스펜 목재의 리그닌 분자량은 균주처리에 의해서 점차 감소되었다가 부후 6주 이후에는 안정화 단계에 접어드는 경향을 보였다. 단리한 리그닌의 NBO 분석 결과, NBO 분해산물의 수율은 대조구와 비교하여 6주처리 후에는 20% 가량 감소되었다. 특히, 부후 목재 리그닌에서 S-타입 유도체(syringaldehyde+syringic aicd)의 감소량이 두드러졌다. G-타입 유도체(vanillin+vanillic acid)의 수율은 부후가 진행되면서 약 20% 가량 증가되었는데, 이는 부후과정에서 리그닌 분해 효소에 의한 S-리그닌의 탈메톡실화 반응이 진행되었음을 암시한다. 결론적으로, C. subvermispora는 부후 과정동안 G-리그닌보다 S-리그닌을 더욱 선택적으로 분해하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2016

Objective: The visually impaired have limited access to health care services and related information, and thus, they can have serious hurdles against properly taking medications. Despite that it is important to improve self-care ability of the visually impaired for correct medication use, there have been few studies investigating their needs for health care services in Korea, particularly focusing on proper medication usage. This study is to explore safety-related issues regarding mediation usage among the visually impaired based on in-depth interview. We particularly focus on any obstacles for safe use of medicines including experience on medication-related adverse effects in order to provide preliminary evidence for policy measures to improve proper medication use among the visually impaired. Methods: Study sample was visually impaired individuals who resided in Seoul area and were registered in the National Association of Visually Impaired. The association helped the process of recruiting the study participants. In-depth interview for each study participants was conducted. Each interview was recorded and later converted into a written script to extract core contents for the analysis. Results: The study participants comprised of three women (42.9%) and four men (57.1%). One was in his 20's, and there were four participants in 30's and two in 40's. Fully impaired participants were majority (5 out of 7). Limitation to physical access to health care providers and health information were the key factors to hamper safe medication utilization among the study participants. Difficulty reading medication information and may take the wrong medication or incorrect doses of medication, resulting in serious consequences, including overdose or inadequate treatment of health problems. Visually impaired patients report increased anxiety related to medication management and must rely on others to obtain necessary drug information. Pharmacists have a unique opportunity to pursue accurate medication adherence in this special population. This article reviews literature illustrating how severe medication mismanagement can occur in the visually impaired elderly and presents resources and solutions for pharmacists to take a larger role in adherence management in this population. Conclusion: The visually impaired had difficulties reading medication information and identifying medicines, and took incorrect doses of medications. Public support for safe medication use and medication management among the visually impaired is necessary.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.63-83
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• 2018

This exploratory research investigated the factors that influence foreign tourists' decision to use dental services in Thailand. The questionnaire was used to collect data from foreign tourists who used dental services in a hospital or dental clinic in Thailand. Data from 233 respondents completed questionnaires were analyzed using frequency distribution, percentages, mean, and standard deviation. The findings revealed that respondents were most likely to be Asian (54.5%) followed by European (33.9%), females (64.8%) aged between 26-35 years (39.1%), business owners (45.9%), and came to Thailand with friends (47.6%). Regarding travel purposes and contact with dental services, most of them travel for pleasure (52.89%) and contact the clinic directly through the Internet(63.95%) The health/medical services used included health check-up (34.48%), dental services (29.22%), and day spa/massage (23.23%). The dental treatment that respondents had completed or planned to do included dental check-up (29.87%), tooth cleaning (26.68%), and tooth whitening (11.41%). Based on the influence of $_7P$ factors towards the respondent's decision to use the dental service, it was found that the average mean score range from 4.33-4.15 which were at the high to the very high level of influence to their decisions. The people factor had the highest average mean score (mean 4.33, SD= 0.604)followed by the price factor (mean 4.32, SD= 0.651), which both had the highest level of influence. The physical evidence factor had the lowest mean score (mean 4.15, SD+0.752) which was at the high level of importance. It should be noted that the factor concerning the modern technology and dental equipment (mean 4.33, SD=0.606) and factor on the quality of service (mean 4.43, SD= 0.598) had the highest mean score followed by the total cost of the trip including services being reasonable (mean 4.37, SD=0.582). Regarding the country factor, it was found that this factor also had highest influence level (mean 4.30, SD=0.67) and affordability had the highest mean score (mean 4.39, SD=0.614).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.3067-3074
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• 2013

Background: Faced with highly prevalent and recalcitrant cancer-related fatigue (CRF), together with the absence of any official guidelines on management, numerous groups have been striving to seek and test alternative therapies including acupuncture and moxibustion. However, different patients have various feedbacks, and the many clinical trials have given rise to varied conclusions. In terms of the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and moxibustion, there exist vast inconsistencies. Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the auxiliary effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of CRF, and to provide more reliable evidence to guide clinical practice. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before December 2012 were all aggregated, focusing on evaluation of acupuncture or moxibustion for CRF. The quality of the included studies was assessed basing on Cochrane handbook 5.1.0, and the available data were analyzed with RevMan software (version 5.2.0). Descriptive techniques were performed when no available data could be used. Results: A total of 7 studies involving 804 participants were eligible. With real acupuncture versus sham acupuncture, subjects receiving true acupuncture benefited more in the reduction of fatigue. With real acupuncture versus acupressure or sham acupressure, fatigue level appeared 36% improved in the acupuncture group, but 19% in the acupressure group and only 0.6% with sham acupressure. When real acupuncture plus enhanced routine care was compared with enhanced routine care, the combination group improved mean scores for general fatigue, together with physical and mental fatigue. With real acupuncture versus sham acupuncture or wait list controls, the real acupuncture group displayed significant advantages over the wait list controls at 2 weeks for fatigue improvement and better well-being effects at 6 weeks. When moxibustion plus routine care was compared with routine care alone, the meta-analyses demonstrated the combination had a relatively significant benefit in improving severe fatigue and QLQ-C30. Conclusion: Up to the search date, there exist few high quality RCTs to evaluate the effect of acupuncture and moxibustion, especially moxibustion in English. Yet acupuncture and moxibustion still appeared to be efficacious auxiliary therapeutic methods for CRF, in spite of several inherent defects of the included studies. Much more high-quality studies are urgently needed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2731-2737
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• 2013

Background: This study evaluated the validity and reliability of applying the Katz's Activities of Daily Living (ADL) scale in an Iranian sample of elderly oncologic patients following initial cancer treatment. Materials and Methods: The scale was translated with the forward-backward procedure to give an Iranian version. The ADL scale was then applied in a random sample of 400 oncologic patients aged 60 and older following initial cancer treatment. Assessment of the scale stability was twice, with a 14-days (two weeks) interval, to 30 (of the 400) eligible elderly cancer patients in March 2012. To measure treatment effects, the index was run with 150 patients in a three month recall, following oncology processing. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed for assessment of construct validity of the Katz's ADL. Reliability was measured with internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha co-efficient), and test/retest (Spearman's r value) of the instrument. Criterion validity was evaluated by comparing the Katz with Physical Function (PF) subscale of SF 36. Known-group validity was approved by comparing of Katz' ADL between quartile groups of PF subscale of SF 36. Results: In our study the ADL demonstrated a high degree of internal homogeneity (Cronbach's alpha 0.923). There was a high correlation between scores of two time measurement of Katz's ADL (p value of two- related- samples test was 0.3). Construct validity showed a correlation coefficient of 0.572 between the ADL and PF scores. In factor analysis, 2 factors were extracted. Evidence for the reliability of the questionnaire was good and known group validity was approved by significant differences of ADL score between quartiles of the PF subscale of SF36. Conclusions: The results suggest that the Iranian version of ADL applied for oncologic older adult patients following initial cancer treatment is a reliable and a valid clinical instrument and comparable to those reported in other studies.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.125-134
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize Korean patients with Fanconi anemia (FA), which is a rare but very challenging genetic disease. Methods: The medical records of 12 FA patients diagnosed at Chonnam National University Hospital from 1991 to 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 6.2 years. All patients showed evidence of marrow failure and one or more physical stigmata. Chromosome breakage tests were positive in 9 out of 11 available patients. The median follow-up duration was 69.5 months. The Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival of all patients was 83.3% at 10 years and 34.7% at 20 years, respectively. Seven patients underwent 9 stem cell transplantations (SCTs). Among them, 5 were alive by the end of the study. Ten-year KM survival after SCT was 71.4% with a median follow-up of 3.4 years. All 5 patients treated with supportive treatment alone died of infection or progression at the median age of 13.5 years, except for one with short followup duration. Acute leukemia developed in 2 patients at 15.4 and 18.1 years of age. Among 6 patients who are still alive, 3 had short stature and 1 developed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: We provide information on the long-term outcomes of FA patients in Korea. A nation-wide FA registry that includes information of the genotypes of Korean patients is required to further characterize ethnic differences and provide the best standard of care for FA patients.