• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.193-197
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the immediate effects of calf muscle Kinesio taping on ankle joint reposition sense (JRS) and force sense (FS) in healthy elderly. Methods: Thirteen healthy elderly subjects were participated in this study. The error of ankle JRS and FS was evaluated by 3D motion capture device and digital dynamometer depending on three different taping conditions (Kinesio taping, sham taping, and no taping) respectively. All of subjects were asked to perform a proprioceptive task of ankle JRS and FS. One-way repeated ANOVA test was used to compare the error of JRS and FS depending on three different taping conditions. Results: With Kinesio taping over calf muscle, ankle joint reposition sense error and force sense error significantly decreased, if compared with a sham taping or no taping condition. Conclusion: To apply Kinesio taping over calf muscle could enhance ankle proprioceptive sense in the elderly people.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.12-17
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• 2003

The effects of wet pressing and drying conditions on the disintegration and physical properties of paper were investigated in order to get the basic information on the resistance of paper for aqueous solution during converting processes. Wet pressing of unbeaten bleached softwood kraft pulp increased WRV at the range of grammage investigated. The increase of WRV with grammage at low wet pressing pressure(50 psi) was obvious, while it was not significant at higher wet pressing pressure(110 psi). The changes of WRV by drying were affected by the grammage and wet pressing pressure. The poorer disintegration of sheet, the higher wet pressing pressure and drying temperature. Although the strength properties were increased with the grammage, wet pressing pressure and drying temperature, results showed different trend from those of beaten pulp.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.11-24
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• 2006

The Lithographic ink is composed of pigment, vehicle and additives. In especially, the vehicle is the most important element and consist of vegetable oils, mineral oils and resins. Varnishes have to resist certain forms of chemical and physical attack during ink manufacturing process and printing process So this varnish cooking is very important. In this paper, effects of cooking conditions of varnish using phenolic modified rosin ester on physical properties of the vehicle were studied. The varnish cooked according to temperature and time were compared in order of average molecular weight by the GPC method. and the rheological properties were found by rotational rheometer. And the emulsion behavior were compared by high speed emulsification tester which were set on 1200 rpm and $40^{\circ}C$ temperature (Novomatics Lithotronic). We displayed viscosity against tack(Inkometer Thwing-Albert M-106) by diagram.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.15-20
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure changes in the H-reflex and V wave under loading conditions (e.g. prone and standing position) and to investigate whether postural change would affect the H-reflex and V wave in post stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods: Thirty persons with hemiplegia resulting from stroke (20 males, 10 females) participated in this study. Electromyography (EMG) was used to electrically stimulate and record the soleus H-reflexes and V waves under various loading conditions. The normality of the distribution of each variable (H latency, $H_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio, $V_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio) was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The means of normally distributed continuous data were assessed by independent t-test (${\alpha}$=0.05). Results: There were statistically significant differences in $H_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio (p<0.01), $V_{max}/M_{max}$ ratio (p<0.01), H latency (p<0.01) among the prone and standing position. Conclusion: We found that the H-reflex and V wave in standing position was more active to weight bearing load than prone position.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.25-36
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of study was to determine effects of Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern exercise with Swiss ball exercise and Swiss ball exercise on balance in the 40 students from H university. Method : There were two experimental conditions. There were two difference groups in the experimental conditions, which had to perform different exercise tasks: Swiss ball exercise group (n=20) and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercise with Swiss ball exercise group(n=20). The experimental group received Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation exercise for 20minutes and Swiss Ball exercise for 40minutes, 3 times a week for 4weeks. While another experimental group received Swiss Ball exercise for 40minutes, 3 times a week for 4weeks. In order to evaluation effects of the Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern exercise with Swiss Ball exercise and Swiss Ball exercise in the two different experimental group, subjects was measured by static balance. Statistical analysis was the paired t-test to compare the differences within groups and the SPSS to analyze the differences between groups. Results : The result of this study were as follows: The static balance was higher for the two different experimental group in post-exercise than in pre-exercise(P<0.5). Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern exercise with Swiss Ball exercise experimental group was significant difference better then another experimental group(P<0.5). Conclusion : The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation pattern exercise with Swiss Ball exercise can result in improved static balance better then Swiss Ball exercise.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.35-44
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of visual and auditory stimulation randomly applied to healthy adults on walking. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Methods: Twenty-six healthy students in S college were randomly divided into visual feedback group (n=13) and auditory feedback group (n=13). The visual feedback group walked using four conditions. 1) In the red screen was shown, clap twice to the right, 2) In yellow screen, clap twice to the left, 3) In green screen, clap twice over head. 4) Do not clap in purple screen. The auditory feedback group walked using four conditions. 1)in red, clap twice to the right, 2) In yellow, clap twice left, 3) In green, clap twice over your head. 4) Do not clap in purple. All subjects measured gait variables before and after the test using G-walker. Result: The visual feedback group showed a significant decrease (p<.05) in the number of steps per minute, walking speed, and step length compared with that of normal walking. The auditory feedback group showed a significant decrease (p<.05) in the number of steps per minute, walking speed, and step length than that of normal walking. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that visual and auditory stimulation applied to healthy adults may have significant effects on walking.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.67-73
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• 2005

Prospective memory (PM) is related to remember to carry out a previously intented behaviour. The purpose of this study was to develop a paradigm for measuring PM function to diagnosis in mild cognitive impairment 1 or brain injury in patients 2. among brain injured patients Thirty-eight normal healthy subjects participated in current study. The paradigm was composed of four conditions: a baseline and three intention conditions (expectation, execution 1 and 2). In the expectation condition, subjects were asked to make a new response to intented stimuli during ongoing task, but the intented stimuli never occurred. In the execution 1 (one type of expected stimulus) and 2 (two types of expected stimuli), the intended stimuli did occur in 20% of trials. The reaction time and error rate were calculated in each condition. Repeated measures using ANOVA of subject's mean reaction times (RTs) and mean error rates (ERs) showed main effects of conditions during ongoing task. The comparison of PM tasks in executive condition 1 and 2 also showed significance in RTs and ERs. This paradigm reflects sufficiently the performance of prospective memory function during ongoing task in normal individuals. Thus, we suggest that the paradigm will be helpful to study neural network of PM function using brain imaging techniques and diagnosis of PM dysfunction.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.253-270
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• 2016

In the wool textile industry, the necessity for technology development has been steadily raised to create improved fineness and yarn count of existing wool yarns with thick fineness for ensuring higher quality grades of wool yarn. Recently, through controlling fineness of wool yarn for making finer wool in relation with environmentally-friendly and high-sensitivity trend, a differentiated continuous drawing process where the quality of wool can be artificially manipulated has been suggested in the latest textile industry. This study investigated the basic conditions during the continuous drawing process which enable to manufacture wool yarn with fine count by controlling reducing agent treatment, physical drawing and drying after reducing agent treatment, and oxidizing agent post-treatment conditions. Furthermore, this study reviewed the drawing effects by applying the basic conditions for reduction and oxidation reaction in the drawing processes of wool/cashmere, wool/silk, wool/polyester blended yarns as well as such wool yarns. Also, in order to review the practicability, this study examined the physical properties and dyeability of drawn wool yarn applied textile materials in comparison with normal wool yarn applied textile materials.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.67-73
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• 2011

Objectives: To examine the overview of fatigue-related health conditions in the Korean general population. Methods: Data were collected from 2,203 adults (1,126 men and 1,077 women) via a self-reporting questionnaire and their sleeping, exercise, stress, physical problems, use of functional food, and fatigue status were analyzed. Results: The average sleeping hours was about $6.6{\pm}2.0$ hrs per day, and 24.3% of subjects didn't exercise (over 30 min) in a week. Around 16.5% of subjects were under severe stress, and 46.1% (36.9% male vs. 55.6% female) had had trouble with at least one form of physical distress including dyspepsia, headache or muscular pain. 45.4% (37.2% male vs. 53.9% female) of subjects used functional supplements. 46.3% (42.8% male vs. 50.0% female) of subjects complained of chronic fatigue, and they were significantly different compared with no-fatigue subjects regarding severe stress status (8.6% vs. 24.0%), frequency of physical distress (33.2% vs. 69.9%), and use of functional supplements (41.6% vs. 49.8%). Conclusion: This result first reports the features of fatigue-related health conditions including prevalence of chronic fatigue in the Korean population. This data could be helpful to develop fatigue-focused traditional Korean medicine in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.847-854
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• 2004

The resistivity of soils depends on grains size, porosity, water saturation, pore fluid resistivity, caly contents and son on. It is very important to understand the relationship between resistivity and such physical properties of soils, in order to interpret and evaluate ground conditions by using resistivity data obtained from electrical resistivity prospecting. In this paper, to study the relationship between resistivity and physical properties of soils, the resistivity of glass beads and compacted soil samples both in saturated and unsaturated conditions is measured. As the results, the resistivity of saturated soils depends mainly on porosity and clay contents, while that of unsaturated soils is sensitive to compaction conditions, and decreases with increasing water content until the optimum water condition, that is the maximum dry density. But, the relationship between resistivity and water saturation for soils is unique, being independent of compaction energy. Also, the resistivity ratio decrease with increasing water saturation, followed by no significant change of resistivity ratio over 80 percent of water saturation (the optimum water content).