• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.182-194
• /
• 1995

The major objective of this study was to develop recommendations for improving the design of pergola facilities located in neighborhood parks. The study employed the following methods : Physical measures and questionnaires. Physical treasures were taken of certain environmental attributes such as pergola sizes, structures, materials, etc. Questionnaires were randomly distributed to pergola users on the same day on which physical measures were scheduled. All data were collected in 1994 during the season of pergola use, September 3 to October 9. The major findings are as follows; 1. Of the 508 respondents to the question about use motivations, approximately 32% were a shady place, 18% seating arrangements suitable for conversation, 15% unconsciously, 13% a lack of bench in the park, 9% good view, and 13% other. 2. Regression analysis indicated that the best predictors of pergola user' satisfaction were : harmony with surroundings, accessibility, aesthetics of pergolas and benches, function of benches, and climbing plants. 3. Pergola design needs to be developed because pergola users were less satisfied with their pergola than with the park.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제19권6호
• /
• pp.19-31
• /
• 2001

우리 나라 환경에 적합한 국가 지능형 교통체계(ITS: Intelligent Transportation Systems)의 구현을 위한 국가 아키텍쳐 수립연구가 국토연구원과 관련 학계와 산업계의 협동연구로 지난 3년간 수행되어 천여 페이지에 달하는 국가 아키텍쳐가 수립된 바 있다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위해서 고안된 도메인 수준과 논리 수준 및 물리 수준의 아키텍쳐 모형과 방법론을 제시한다. 도메인 수준의 아키텍쳐는 ITS를 구현함에 있어 관계되는 영역간의 국가적 협동체계를 이룩하기 위한 국가적 기본 틀이고 논리수준의 아키텍쳐는 서비스의 중복/사각/상충을 방지하기 위한 국가적 기본 틀이며 물리수준의 아키텍쳐는 서비스 시스템을 구축함에 있어 물리적 정보기술 자원을 효율적으로 할당하여 시스템 구축의 경제성과 효율성을 도모하기 위한 시스템의 물리적 구성 틀이다. 이를 위한 모델과 기법은 고전적 컴퓨터 기반 시스템공학에서의 프로세스 지향적 사고와 기법을 수정 보완하고 확장한 것으로 고 수준(High Level)에서의 아키텍쳐 구상에 적절한 것이다. 저 수준(Low Level)의 아키텍쳐는 설계 수준에서 이루어지는 것으로 전제하였다.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.17-26
• /
• 2008

There are many problems for the rural old peoples who to use the rural houses practically with physical and mental disabilities to make use of them because the rural houses have a tendency to look alike the urban houses. Today the rural old peoples are treated distantly by the boundary of national reserved power to make and activate their facilities, the shortness of their economically surplus power and the absence nationally social security system in spite of their physical and mental disabilities. So it is necessary for us to remodel symmetrically their rural houses to fit their physical and mental disabilities to spend comfortable living and to develop structure remodeling programs and space reorganization programs of the rural handicapped old peoples' houses to support independent life to correspond with their physical and mental disabilities.

• 한국조경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국조경학회 2017년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.142-142
• /
• 2017

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제29권2D호
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 2009

국토해양부는 1999년 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐를 개발하여 ITS 표준의 밑그림, 관계기관 ITS 계획 설계의 기본틀로 활용하여 왔다. 이후 새로운 ITS 서비스의 등장, 서비스를 구현하는 요소기술의 발전과 사업추진환경의 변화에 따라 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐에 대한 수정의 필요성이 대두되었다. 본 연구는 국가 ITS의 구현에 ITS 아키텍쳐가 어떻게 기여하였으며, 어떤 문제점을 가지고 있는지 평가하고, 새로운 사회적, 기술적 환경을 반영하여 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐의 정비방안을 제시하고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐 개발의 접근방법을 결정하기 위하여 절차지향 접근방법과 객체지향 접근방법의 장단점과 적용사례를 검토하였으며, 적용성이 검증된 절차지향 접근방법을 선정하였다. 기존 한국형 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐 모형에 대한 평가, ITS 사업에서의 활용성을 검토하여 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐의 개념을 정의하였다. 그에 따라 새로운 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐는 ITS 서비스, 논리아키텍쳐, 물리아키텍쳐, 사업아키텍쳐로 구성되도록 하였다. 후속 연구에서는 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐를 완성하는 작업이 우선 이어져야 할 것이며, 나아가 개발된 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐를 교통체계지능화사업에 참여하는 관계자가 준수하도록 유도하기 위한 활용방안 및 ITS 관계자가 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐의 내용을 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 국가 ITS 아키텍쳐의 배포, 홍보, 교육체계가 구축되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.51-57
• /
• 2014

In the early 20st century, created distrust on the mechanistic and dualistic view based on the world of Descartes and Newton. As the features of this new science cannot be explained by the existing Western philosophy but can be explained by the thinking system immanent in the Oriental traditional thought, many scientists and philosophers are concentrating their interests on the Oriental philosophy. In addition, some have been making efforts to find solutions needed for a new paradigm from the thinking system of the Orient. A variety of discussions have also been raised in connection with architecture due to this philosophical change. It has now become possible to conduct free creative acts, staying away from physical limitations, including gravity by diversified simulations through a computer. This physical liberation in turn has caused new changes to the spatial concept of architecture, thereby granting the freedom of the expression that could not be even imagined before and opening a possibility of new architecture and space. At the same time, the digital space architecture actively accommodating this technology is generating a phenomenon that the existing physical and realistic things are rapidly being changed gradually to immaterial and unrealistic ones. This study has analyzed the properties of digital architectural space as the immateriality of our traditional architectural space. The results are as follows: It can be seen that the immaterial features exhibited in the digital architectural space and the traditional architectural one are not just interconnected with specific features, but they are correlated to all immaterial features. Thus, immateriality that are common in the traditional and digital architectural spaces is complementary organic, which is contained in the ambiguity of boundary between other spaces. It is regarded to the architecture as a living things in space diversity based on ideological similarities.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 2013

This study represents something in common and differences of organic characteristics between early modern architecture and contemporary architecture analysing F. L. Wright's Robie House and Toyo Ito's Sendai Mediatheque. A natural organic body cannot be separated from the natural environment, and each part of an architecture has each own property and forms a whole at the same time. That is a basic concept of organic architecture, and a framework for analysis is set up based on it. The followings are similarities and differences of organic concept and interpretation between Wright's Robie House and Ito's Sendai Mediatheque First, Wright' Robie house unites with the natural surrounding, using a physically close connection to the ground. In contract, Ito's Mediatheque shows characteristics of noncentural and fluidic space that are metaphorically reflecting tangible and intangible of factors in modern city, where there is an ambiguous physical boundary between architecture and urban environment. Next, floors, walls and ceilings of Wright's housing as for basic building blocks are physically separated and at the same time form formative unity from the point of view of a physical and structural organic body. And continuous flow of faces of separated walls form an organism united with the nature from a physical aspect. On the contrary to this, there is an no-boudary and floating organic architecture of integrated structure from ambiguous setting of relation between architecture and urban space in Ito's architecture. Especially, Mediatheque shows semantic integration of floating urban environmental factors through horizontal and vertical integration of horizontal slabs, vertical pipes, and skins. Last, horizontal and vertical factors of Wright' Housing is appreciated as an basic experienced structure in terms of spacial perception and fluidic inner spaces in Wright's housing is completed with a series of spatial experiences in a visual sense. On the other hand, no-boundary and floating space of Ito's architecture accept user's physical and virtual body. Especially, there is an integration transcending beyond time and space, accepting an imaginary body and events with the course of time at Ito's Mediatheque.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• 제28권3E호
• /
• pp.88-92
• /
• 2009

The target strength (TS) is calculated from the measured signal using the definition of the peak TS (PTS) or the integrated TS (ITS). These two types of TS sometimes give different results depending on what the pulse duration is. In this paper, we model the scattered time signal by the numerical code based on the physical diffraction theory and examine the effect of the pulse duration on the value of PTS or ITS. The transformed TS (TTS) for the frequency domain is used as a reference solution.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analyze ultrasonography on both sides of gastrocnemius medialis of stroke patient. Methods: In fourteen subjects with stroke, the gastrocnemius medialis(GM) muscle were scanned with ultrasonography at the muscle belly at rest at ankle angles of 0 degree (neutral position) and it were measured with ultrasonography on both sides of the leg. Muscle architecture (thickness, pennation angle, fascicle length, density, white area index) was examined using real-time B-mode ultrasonography with 7.5MHz linear-array prob. Results: Thickness of non-paratic side was significantly thicker than paratic side. Pennation angle of non-paratic side was significantly larger than paratic side. Fascicle length of non-para tic side was significantly smaller than paratic side. Density of non-paratic side was significantly smaller than paratic side. White area index of non-paranc side was significantly smaller than paratic side. Conclusion: This study showed that stroke have influenced on mechanical properties and quality properties of skeletal muscle architecture.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제56권2호
• /
• pp.293-315
• /
• 2015

While most of researches on system identification of building structures are aimed at finding modal parameters first and identifying the corresponding physical parameters by using the transformation in terms of transfer functions and cross spectra, etc., direct physical parameter system identification methods have been proposed recently. Due to the problem of signal/noise (SN) ratios, the previous methods are restricted mostly to earthquake records or forced vibration data. In this paper, a theoretical investigation is performed on the influence of wind disturbances on stiffness identification of building structures using micro-tremor at limited floors. It is concluded that the influence of wind disturbances on stiffness identification of building structures using micro-tremor at limited floors is restricted in case of using time-series data for low-rise buildings and does not cause serious problems.