• Title/Summary/Keyword: photohemolysis

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Effects of Flavonoids of Ginseng Leaves on Erythrocyte Membranes against Single Oxygen Caused Damage

  • Park, Soo-Nam;Choi, Sang-Won;Boo, Yong-Chool;Kim, Chang-Kew;Lee, Tae-Young
    • Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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    • 1990.06a
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 1990
  • It has been well known that extended exposure to reactive oxygens causes severe damage to susceptible biomolecules. In this study, the effects of flavonoids including trifling and kaempferol from Ginseng leaves on single oxygen induced photohemolysis of erythrocytes and free radical scavenging activities were investigated . Each flavonoid aglycone (5-50UM) such as kaempferol, quercetin or baicalein exhibited a high protective effect against the photohemolysis. They protected the cells by scavenging 102 and free radicals. Although the free radical scavenging activities of the flavonoid glycosides were not much lower than those of their corresponding aglycones, their insolubility into lipid bilayers of membrane made them less effective in preventing the photohemolysis induced by 1O2. The 102 and free radical scavenging activities of flavonoids were estimated by the decomposition of the flavonoid by 1O2 and the bleaching of free radicals by the flavonoid, respectively. The solubilization of the flavonoid into micelle or erythrocytes was deduced from spectrophotometric and microscopic observations. The cooperation of L-ascorbic acid and a flavonoid, and a possible involvement of lipoxygenase or cyclooxygenase in the photohemolysis mechanism were discussed. Keywords Panax ginseng C.A Meyer, ginseng leaves, flavonoids, singe1 oxygen, Photohemolysis.

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Effects of Flavonoids of Ginseng Leaves on Erythrocyte Membranes against Singlet Oxygen Caused Damage (일중항 산소($^1$O$_2$)에 의한 적헐구막 손상에 미치는 인삼잎 플라보노이드의 영향)

  • Soo-Nam Park;San
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.191-199
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    • 1990
  • It has been well known that extended exposure to reactive oxygens causes severe damage to susceptible biomolecules. In this study, the effects of flavonoids including trifolin and kaempferol from Ginseng leaves on singlet oxygen induced photohemolysis of erythrocytes and free radical scavenging activities were investigated. Each flavonoid aglycone (5-50$\mu$M) such as kaempferol, quercetin or baicalein exhibited a high protective effect against the photohemolysis. They protected the cells by scavenging $^1O_2$ and free radicals Although the free radical scavenging activities of the flavonoid glycosides were not much lower than those of their corresponding aglycones, their insolubility into lipid bilayers of membrane made them less effective in preventing the photohemolysis induced by $^1O_2$. The $^1O_2$ and free radical scavenging activities of flavonoids were estimated by the decomposition of the flavonoid by $^1O_2$ and the bleaching of free radicals by the flavonoid, respectively. The solubilization of the flavonoid into micells or erythrocytes was deduced from spectrophotometric and microscopic observations. The cooperation of L-ascorbic acid and a flavonoid, and a possible involvement of lipoxygenase or cyclooxygenase in the photohemolysis mechanism were discussed.

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Protective Effects of The Flavonoids on Cell Membrane in the Photohemolysis (광용혈에 대한 플라보노이드의 세포막 보호작용에 관한 연구)

  • Park Soo-Nam;Boo
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.1-36
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    • 1989
  • The protective effects of 24 flavonoids against singlet oxygen - induced photohemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes were investigated and compared with their antioxidant activities. 1. All the flavonoid aglycons investigated besides flavone and 7,8-benzoflavone showed tad dose-dependant Protective effects. Especially galagin showed the most Pronounced effect under the experimental condition. 2. The order of the radical-scavenging activities of flavonoids was as follow (-)-EGCG > flavonols > flavonols > flavones > flavanonols. The radical-scavenging activities of flavonoid glycosides were not different from those of their aglycons. 3. When added after irradiation, flavonoids did not alter the photohemolysis pattern of control. In this study, several antioxidant were found and it was newly found that Photohemolysis experiment is a convenient, reproductive diagnostic method in the screening and researching the compound which has antioxidant activity or protective effect on cell membrane against active oxygen species.

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Antioxidative Properties of Ginseng Leaf Flavonoids on Cellular Membranes

  • Park, Soo-Nam;San
    • Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.1-17
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    • 1990
  • The major flavonoid component of Ginseng leaf is trifolin, a glycoside of kaempferol. To evaluate the antioxidative properties of trifolin and kaempferol on cellular membranes, we compared them with the other flavonoids through the 102-Induced photohemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes. All the flavonoid aglycones including kaempferol, quercetin and baicalein protected effectively the cells from the 102-caused damage in a dose- dependent manner, by scavenging 102 and free radicals in the cellular membranes. The solubilization of the flavonoid aglycones into micelles or erythrocyte membranes was deduced from spectro-photometric and microscopic observations. The flavonoid glycosides were not protective or less protective than their corresponding aglycones, and trifolin was the only glycoside that exhibited a solubilization into the membranes and a significant protection against the photohemolysis. We also tested some phenolic compounds contained in Ginseng, and found that they did not prevent the photohemolysis so effectively as kaempferol or trifolin.

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In vitro Screening of Natural Product Inhibitors on the UVB Phototoxicity (In vitro 실험법에 의한 천연물 중의 UVB 광독성 억제제 검색)

  • 김현진;이경아;김봉희
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.188-192
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    • 2002
  • The phototoxicity inhibitory activity of 15 natural products having antiinflammatory effect was screened by three in vitro methods : yeast growth inhibition test with Candida albicans, RBC photohemolysis and MTT assay. We induced phototoxic reaction by irradiating UVB (312 nm) on chlorpromazine (CPZ) that has been widely documented as phototoxic agent in clinical and experimental studies and then observed the effects of the natural products after treating them with CPZ. In yeast growth Inhibition test, P. persica and E. officinalis showed the inhibitory effect on the UVB phototoxicity and E. officinalis, yeast, P. suffruticosa showed phototoxicity inhibitory effect in that their % hemolysis compared with control were 45.76 $\pm$ 0.91, 34.42$\pm$1.01, 35.30 $\pm$4.76 on UVB. In MTT assay, all tested natural products increased cell viability compared with the contort.

Effect of Ascorbic Acid on the Phototoxicity of Phenothiazines by UVB Irradiation (UVB조사에 의한 Phenothiazine의 광독성에 미치는 Ascorbic Acid 의 영향)

  • 임연일;김종예;김봉희
    • Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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    • v.13 no.3
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    • pp.232-237
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the phototoxicity of four phenothiazine derivatives such as chlorpromazine, perphenazine, trifluoroperazine and promethazine, and to investigate the effects of ascorbic acid on their phototoxicity by UVB irradiation. Effects of the test compounds on RBCs were monitored with a spectrophotometer by the method of Kahn et al. The extent of photohemolysis by tested phenothiazine derivatives were increased with their concentration and toxic photoproducts were formed by chlorpromazine and promethazine with preirradiated UVB. Photohemolysis postirradiated chlorpromazine and perphenazine and preirradiated promethazine were decreased with the use of ascorbic acid significantly.

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Protective Effect of Isoflavone, Genistein from Soybean on Singlet Oxygen Induced Photohemolysis of Human Erythrocytes ($^1O_2$으로 유도된 사람 적혈구의 광용혈에 있어서 대두의 아이소플라본인 제니스테인의 보호작용)

  • Park, Soo-Nam
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.3
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    • pp.510-518
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    • 2003
  • Protective effects of natural components including genistein (4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavone) from Glycine max MERRILL on the rose-bengal sensitized photohemolysis of human erythrocytes were investigated. Genistein $(10{\sim}100\;{\mu}m)$ suppressed photohemolysis in a concentration-dependent manner, and was more effective than the lipid peroxidation chain blocker, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (Vit. E). Glycoside of genistein, genistin, the water-soluble antioxidant, L-ascorbate, and the iron chelator, myo-inositol hexaphosphoric acid dodecasodium salt (sodium phytate) did not exhibit protective effect against photohemolysis. L-Ascorbate and sodium phytate stimulated photohemolysis at high concentration $(500\;{\mu}m)$. ${\alpha}$-Carotene 3,3'-diol (lutein), a singlet oxygen $(^1O_2)$ quencher, exhibited pronounced protective effect, an indication that $^1O_2$ is important in photohemolysis sensitized by rose-bengal. Reactive oxygen scavenging activities $(OSC_{50})$ of natural antioxidants including genistein on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in $Fe^{3+}-EDTA/H_2O_2$ system using the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay were in the order of sodium phytate > L-ascorbate > ${\alpha}$-tocopherol > genistein > genistin. $OSC_{50}$ value of genistein, genistin, ${\alpha}$-tocopherol, L-ascorbate, and sodium phytate were 41.0, 109.0, 9.0, 5.2, and $0.56{\mu}m$ respectively. The order of free radical (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH) scavenging activity $(FSC_{50})$ was L-ascorbate > ${\alpha}$-tocopherol > genistein > genistin. These results indicate that genistein can function as an antioxidant in biological systems, particularly skin exposed to solar UV radiation by scavenging $^1O_2$ and other ROS, and to protect cellular membranes against ROS.

COMBINED IN VITRO ASSAY FOR 3T3 NRU PT ASSAY AND PHOTOHEMOLYSIS AS PART OF PHOTOTOXICITY TEST

  • Chunja Nam;Kim, Baehwan;Lee, Byoungseok;Seongjoon Moon;Ihseop Chang
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.117-117
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    • 2001
  • The aim of this study was to assess a possible alternative method as replacement for in vivo phototoxicity test. The 3T3 mouse fibroblast neutral red uptake phototoxicity assay (3T3 NRU PT assay) is a screening method for studying DNA or cellular damage. Photohemolysis assay is a mechanistic study for investigating oxygen-dependent membrane damage.(omitted)

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In vitro Screening of UVA Phototoxicity Inhibitors using the Natural Products (In vitro 실험법에 의한 천연물 중의 UVA 광독성 억제제 검색)

  • 김현진;김봉희
    • Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.253-259
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    • 2002
  • The phototoxicity inhibitory activity of 15 natural products having antiinflammatory effect was screened by three in vitro methods: yeast growth inhibition test with Candida albicans, RBC photohemolysis and MTT assay. We induced phototoxic reaction by irradiating UVA (365 nm) on chlorpromazine (CPZ) that has been widely documented as phototoxic agent in clinical and experimental studies and then observed the effects of the natural products after treating them with CPZ. In yeast growth inhibition test, X. stramonium showed the inhibitory effect on the UVA phototoxicity and E. officinalis, Yeast, P. suffruticosa showed phototoxicity inhibitory effect in that their % hemolysis compared with control were 36.14${\pm}$ 2.69, 42.82${\pm}$1.35, 36.41${\pm}$0.48 on UVA. In MTT assay, all tested natural products increased cell viability compared with the control.

The Isolation and Evaluation of Bioactive Components from Crude Drugs against a Cariogenic Bacterium, Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176 (1) -On the Antibacterial Component of the Leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera and Its Safety- (충치균에 대한 생리활성 생약성분의 분리 및 약효평가(1) -튜립나무잎의 항균성 성분과 안전성에 대하여-)

  • Bae, Ki-Whan;Kim, Bong-Hee;Myung, Pyung-Keun;Byun, Jae-Hwa
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
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    • v.34 no.2
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    • pp.106-111
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    • 1990
  • The isolation and identification of an antibacterial component, from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. K. Kotch against a cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176, were carried out for developing of anticariogenic agents. The bioactive component was elucidated as ${\beta}-liriodenolide$, which was isolated newly from the leaves of L. tulipifera. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ was $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ and the antibacterial activity was stronger than that of berberine. ${\beta}-Liriodenolide$ inhibited ${\beta}-lactamase$ activity, 50, 100 and $200\;{\mu}M$ ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ did ${\beta}-lactamase$ activity as 0.7, 3.5 and 19.7%, respectively. The toxicity of ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ was not found with the method of photohemolysis.

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