• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2022년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.35-36
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• 2022

In order to supplement the flame-retardant performance of oil stain, which can prevent wooden buildings from contamination, (NH4)2HPO4, a phosphorus flame-retardant, was added to oil stain and applied for each type of plywood, and an experiment was conducted. The addition rate was set to 0-60%, but white powder appeared on the surface of plywood from 40% and thus it was impossible to experiment, so the maximum addition rate was selected as 30%. As a result of the experiment, acacia plywood had the best performance. As the rate of addition of the flame retardant increased, the remaining time and carbonization length of all plywood decreased, but the carbonization length of the MDF plywood was not met with the standards.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2005

본 연구는 파스콘 제품에 사용되고 있는 기존의 할로겐계 난연제를 효과적으로 대체할 수 있는 난연제를 선정하여 파스콘 제품의 물성 저하를 가져오지 않으며, base polymer와의 혼합성 및 원료의 분산성 향상으로 난연성, 물성 향상 및 경제성이 확보된 파스콘을 제조하고 난연성을 평가하였다. 실험결과 적인 계 난연제는 5phr의 적은 첨가량으로도 높은 난연특성을 나타내었으며, 난연보조제로서 수산화금속화합물인 magnesium hydroxide(MH)를 2.5phr 첨가하였을 때 파스콘의 난연성에 상당한 효과가 있었으며, 주 난연제만을 사용했을 경우 발생했던 용융낙하 현상이 현저하게 줄어듦을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1789-1793
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• 2008

The Oxygen Index was measured for another flame retardant APP, or phosphorus, and other flame retarding assistants ZS, ZHS, AOM, and ZB, which are used as low smoke emitting materials, in order to see the increase in the flame retardation effect in comparison to the volume of additions. The results show that their flame retardation synergy effect was very small compared to the main flame retardants. The mixed use of main flame retardants, low smoking emitting materials, and phosphorus is a very important area of examination for creating synergy effect of flame retardation and lowering smoking and toxicity. For this, the results of flame retardation effect in comparison to the volume of addition of each low smoke emitting material are shown below.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.87-93
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• 2003

Two-component polyurethane flame retardant coatings (ATTBC) were prepared by blending polyisocyanate (TDI-adduct) with ATTBs mentioned at the previous paper. Most of the physical properties of the flame retardant coatings were comparable to those of non-flame retardant coatings. Especially, the hardness, impact resistance, and accelerated weathering resistance were remarkably improved with the increase of the content of 1,4-butanediol. Coatings containing 10 and 15 wt% 1,4-butanediol, ATTBC-10C and ATTBC-15C, were not flammable in vertical flame-retardancy test. Their char area recorded 1.1${\sim}$11.6 $cm^2$ in 45$^{\circ}$ eckel burner method.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1990

Synthesizing octylphosphate(OTP) from phosphorus pentoxide with n-octyl alcohol, octylphosphatethiourea(OTPU) was prepared from OTP with thiourea. After flame retardant finishing OTPU to acrylic fabrics, nylon taffeta and tetron taffeta, the physical properties, such as tear strength and flame retardancy were measured. As the results of the measurement, OTPU was found to be a good flame retardant having softness using to synthetic fibers.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.319-331
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• 2007

The aim of this study is to enhance the flame retardancy by the synergism effect of phosphorus and bromine groups. The flame-retardant polyurethane coatings containing phosphorus and bromine compounds were synthesized. After synthesizing the intermediate products of tetramethylene bis(orthophosphate) (TBOP) and trimethylolpropane/2,3-dibromopropionic acid (2,3-DBP) [2,3-DBP-adduct], the condensation polymerization was performed with four different monomers of two intermediate products, 1,4-butanediol, and adipic acid to obtain four-components copolymer. In the condensation polymerization, the content of phosphorus was fixed to be 2wt%, and the content of 2,3-DBP that provides bromine component was varied to be 10, 20, and 30wt%, and we designated the prepared modified polyesters containing phosphorus and bromine as DTBA-10C, -20C, -30C. Average molecular weight and polydispersity index of the preparation of DTBAs were decreased with increasing 2,3-DBP content because of increase of hydroxyl group that retards reaction. We found that the thermal stability of the prepared DTBAs increased with bromine content at high temperature.

• 공업화학
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.540-544
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• 2011

Diphosphoric acid와 1,4-butanediol을 이용하여 tetramethylene bis(orthophosphate)를 합성한 후 이를 urea와 반응시켜 새로운 인계난연제인 tetramethylene bis(orthophosphoryl urea) (TBPU)를 합성하였다. FT-IR을 이용하여 합성된 TBPU의 구조를 확인하였으며, TBPU를 폴리우레탄 폼에 첨가하여 기계적 물성과 열적성질, 난연성능 변화를 측정하였다. TBPU의 함량증가에 따른 폴리우레탄 폼의 기계적 물성 저하는 없음을 확인하였고, 난연제의 함량이 증가함에 따라 난연성능은 증가하였으며, 감압후의 난연성능 측정에서도 난연성능이 유지됨을 확인하였다. TGA를 통한 열적거동실험에서 TBPU가 첨가된 폴리우레탄 폼은 TBPU가 첨가되지 않은 폴리우레탄 폼에 비해 내열성이 향상됨을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.62-68
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• 2004

PU flame-retardant coatings (APHD) containing phosphorous were prepared by blending of hexamethylene diisocyanate-trimer, white pigment, dispersing agent, flowing agent, and previously prepared benzoic acid modified polyester (APTB) that contains phosphorous. Physical properties of the prepared APHD were examined. With the introduction of BZA (contained in APTB), the film viscosity and film hardness of APHD decreased. With the introduction of caprolactone group, the flexibility, impact resistance, accelerated weathering resistance of APTBs increased. Flame retardancy of the coatings was tested. In a vertical burning method, APHD shows 210${\sim}$313 seconds, and in a $45^{\circ}$ Meckel burner method, shows 1.3${\sim}$4.0$cm^2$ of char length, which indicates that the coatings are good flame-retardant coatings. Moreover, the amount of afterglow and flame retardancy of the coatings are decreased with increasing BZA content.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.313-322
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• 2014

난연제 가운데 가장 많이 사용되는 할로겐 함유 난연제는 사용상 환경적인 제한을 받고 있어서 비할로겐타입인 인계에 기초한 난연제가 각광을 받고 있다. 난연제는 수지에 가해지는 경우에 흔히 열분해와 기계적 특성저하를 일으킨다. 물성의 열화를 최소화하고 충분한 난연성을 얻기 위한 시도로 새로운 난연제에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 있어서는 diaryl alkyl phosphate esters, aromatic phosphate esters 및 phosphonium nitron 난연제 등 세가지 형태의 비할로겐 인계에 기초한 난연제를 합성하여 GC, IR 및 TGA 등으로 합성 및 열적 특성을 확인하였다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The mend for fabric products has been increased remarkably with increasing population, housings, mutistory buildings,...and etc. during the last two decades. However, since fabrics are highly combustible and can produce toxic gases during the combution, fabric products can result in serious human injury as well as financial damage. Acknowledged by this, a new phosphorus based flame retardant suitable for PET fabric has been synthesized by making use of the reaction of diphenyl chloro phosphate and hexamethylenediamine. Since the starting meterials are relatively cheap and the yield of this reaction is high (more than 90%), this reaction seems to be very effective as wall as very economic. By analyzing various spectrophotometric analysis data such as NMR, FT-IR, and Mass, this new flame retardant is identified to be N,N’-Bis(diphenyl chlorophosphoro)diamino hexane. In the mean time, DSC measurement has shown that the melting point and the boiling point of this material are around 115$^{\circ}C$ and around 40$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flame retardancy test done on the PET fabric processed by this flame retardant have shown excellent in times of flame contact, times of flame contact for washable. The most economical finishing condition estimated 10% in concentration of BDPDH, Moreover, it has been also found that the drape stiffness of the PET fiber processed by the flame retartant is changed very litter compared to the unprocessed original PET fabrics. Judging from this, the potential of this new phosphrdus based compond as a flame retardant for PET fabric seems to be high.