• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.392-398
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• 2002

4년생 의성작약을 재료로 하여 작약의 주 이용부위인 약근 외에 뇌두, 줄기, 잎과 같은 작약 식물체 각 부위로 시료를 구분하고, 또한 작약근의 경우 관행적 법제시 박피를 통해 제거되는 코르크층과 코르크층의 유 무에 따라 유피근 및 거피근으로 구분하여 각 시료에 함유된 작약 주요 생리활성 성분의 함량 분포를 검토한 결과 작약 식물체 부위별 paeoniflorin, albiflorin 및 phenolic compounds의 각 함량은 뇌두가 뿌리보다 높은 양상을 나타내었다. 또한 기능성 물질로 평가되는 gallic acld 및 benzoic acid는 작약의 잎과 줄기에도 상당히 많은 양이 존재하였고, 특히 잎에는 paeoniflorln도 약 2.3%가 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서 현재까지 번식용으로만 이용되어온 작약의 뇌두도 약재로서의 이용 가능성을 체계적으로 검토할 필요가 있을 것이며, 작약의 잎 및 줄기도 gallic acid 및 그 유도체들의 source가 될 수 있으므로 이들 부위의 이용성도 체계적으로 검토되어야 할 것이다. 한편 작약근에 함유된 유용 생리활성 성분들은 목부와 껍질부위의 코르크층에 함께 존재하였다 특히 albiflorin, gallic acid, benzoic acid 및 (-)-epicatechin 성분은 코르크층에 많이 존재하였고, 목부에 더 많은 양이 존재하는 성분은 paeoniflorin, (+)-taxifolin $3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$ 및 (+)-catechin이었다. 결국 작약근 이용시 코르크층을 벗기면 albiflorin을 포함한 유용성분의 손실이 발생되고, phenol 성 물질의 분비로 외면의 갈변이 유도되므로 상품의 질을 떨어뜨리는 원인이 된다. 그러므로 작약근의 이용 시 거피를 하지 않는 것이 유용성분의 활용 면에서도 유리하고, 수치작업에 대한 노력이 감소되므로 경제적 측면에서도 유리한 것으로 평가된다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2015

Objectives : This study was carried out to know the necessity of freezing and boiling process of Gastrodiae Rhizoma. Also we need to evaluate Gastrodia elata floral axis as a product ingridients. Methods : Frozen Gastrodiae Rhizoma (GF1, GF2) and Gastrodia elata floral axis (GFA) were prepared. They were divided into samples (GF1 : frozen at the freezer, GF2; frozen and boiled for 10 hours, GFA; dried at 7 $0^{\circ}C$ for 120 hours) for experiment. They were extracted using water, freeze dried and powdered. And we analyzed proximate compositions, free sugars, gastrodin, p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and p-hydroxybenzyl aldehyde content, phenolic and flavonoid, electron donating ability and nitrate scavenging activity and antioxidant activity. Results : In moisture, crude ash, fructose, glucose, sucrose, p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol GF2 showed lower level than GF1. But GF2 showed higher content than GF1, in crude fat (0.8% > 0.19%), gastrodin ($8.84{\pm}0.58%$ > $4.18{\pm}0.73%$), and p-hydroxybenzyl aldehyde ($2.45{\pm}0.26%$ > $2.07{\pm}0.16%$) content, phenolic ($9.98{\pm}0.07%$ > $3.35{\pm}0.03%$) and flavonoid ($3.01{\pm}0.06%$ > $1.09{\pm}0.04%$) content, electro donating ability ($15.21{\pm}6.51%$ > $10.44{\pm}4.78%$), nitrate scavening activity ($20.43{\pm}5.30%$ > $13.62{\pm}5.78%$). GFA has a relatively lower key indicators component, but has a enough impact on antioxidant effect in phenolic ($11.85{\pm}0.08%$) and flavonoid content ($1.45{\pm}0.03%$), electron donating ability ($18.58{\pm}9.06%$) and nitrate scavenging activity ($19.41{\pm}9.90%$). Conclusions : In the view of proximate compositions, free sugars, functional component and antioxidant activity, the results indicated that boiling process is effective for the frozen Gastrodiae Rhizoma. And Gastrodia elata floral axis has a significantly functional components and antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2013

Dried ginseng (DG) is in fact the representing ginseng product in the worldwide market. Although it is made in various packages depending on the processing method, size and age of DG, basic scientific data reporting the chemical components are limited. In this study, 4-year-old curved ginseng (CG), one of the domestic DG products, was selected for further investigation. Eighty-six samples of 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, which are the most widely distributed in the market, were collected for 5 yr. Their major components, such as moisture, total sugar, acidic polysaccharides, total phenolic compounds, and saponins, were analyzed to figure out the standard quality characteristics. The moisture content of all CG samples was less than 15%. The total water-soluble sugar contents were 22.9% to 47.8% and 23.2% to 49.5% in the 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, respectively. The acidic polysaccharide contents were 3.6% to 6.7% and 2.9% to 6.9% in the 30 and 50 piece-grade CG, respectively. The total phenolic compound content was 0.4% to 0.5% in CG, regardless of the piece-grade. The crude saponin content, which represents the active component of ginseng, was over 2% in all samples. In 30 piece-grade CG samples, the contents of major ginsenosides, Rb1, Rf, and Rg1, were 2.2 to 4.7 mg/g, 0.4 to 1.3 mg/g, and 1.6 to 4.0 mg/g, respectively. The ginsenoside contents in 50 piece-grade CG samples were 2.1 to 3.9 mg/g (Rb1), 0.5 to 1.2 mg/g (Rf), and 1.3 to 3.4 mg/g (Rg1). Overall, since there were relatively high standard deviation and coefficient of variation in all the chemical component contents that were assessed, we found some difficulties in showing the CG standard chemical component characteristics by average, standard deviation, and other statistical analysis factors.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 현사시나무 추출물에 대한 일반성분, 무기질, 비타민, 유리당, 총 페놀과 총 플라보노이드 함량 및 HPLC을 이용하여 페놀성 화합물을 분석하였으며 DPPH, ABTS 라디칼 소거능을 통하여 추출물의 항산화 활성을 조사하였다. 추출물의 일반 성분 분석결과, 탄수화물, 수분, 조단백질, 회분, 조지방은 각각 88.6, 5.11, 2.5, 2.3, 1.5%로 확인되었다. 무기질 분석결과, Ca (77.5 mg/100 g), Mg (85.0 mg/100 g), Na (23.4 mg/100 g), K (907.5 mg/100 g), P (93.8 mg/100 g), Fe (1.4 mg/100 g), Zn (2.6 mg/100 g), Cu (0.6 mg/100 g), Mn (2.9 mg/100 g)을 함유하고 있었다. 비타민의 경우, vitamin C (6.1 mg/100 g), vitamin B₂ (0.3 mg/100 g), vitamin B₆ (0.01 mg/100 g), nicotinic acid (3.1 mg/100 g)가 확인되었다. 유리당 조성은 glucose 1.6%, fructose 2.2%였고 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량은 각각 115.4±0.85 mg GAE/g, 20.9±1.14 mg QE/g으로 나타났다. HPLC 분석결과 catechin (9.1±0.27 mg/g), caffeic acid (4.1±0.57 mg/g), p-coumaric acid (2.1±0.47 mg/g), chlorogenic acid (1.6±0.86 mg/g), gallic acid (1.4±0.35 mg/g)가 주요 성분으로 확인되었다. 현사시나무 추출물은 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성을 보였고 이는 추출물에 함유된 항산화성분에 기인한 것으로 판단되었다. 본 연구에서는 현 사시나무 추출물의 일반성분, 무기질, 비타민, 총 페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량, 주요 페놀성 화합물 및 항산화활성을 평가하였지만 향후 현사시나무 추출물이 식품소재 또는 건강기능식품 소재로서 활용 가치를 높이기 위해서는 세포 및 동물모델에서의 바이오마커 평가 및 작용기전 연구가 추가되어야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 UV-VIS spectrophotometer를 이용한 total carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics 함량 데이터와 FT-IR 스펙트럼 데이터를 다변량통계분석법을 통하여 기능성 성분 함량이 높은 아프리칸 얌 고속 선발 시스템을 구축하였다. 62개 아프리칸 얌의 total carotenoids 함량은 $0.01-0.91{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry wt 나타냈다. Total flavonoids와 phenolics 함량은 $12.9-229.0{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry wt와 $0.29-5.2mg{\cdot}g^{-1}$ dry wt로 각각 나타났다. 아프리칸 얌은 FT-IR 스펙트럼상의 1700-1500, 1500-1300, $1,100-950cm^{-1}$, 부위에서 중요한 스펙트럼 변화가 나타났다. 이 부위는 각각 amide I과 II을 포함하는 아미노산 및 단백질계열의 화합물, phosphodiester group을 포함한 핵산 및 인지질 그리고 단당류나 복합 다당류를 포함하는 carbohydrates 계열의 화합물들의 질적, 양적 정보를 반영하는 부위이다. PCA 분석과 PLS-DA 분석에서 62개 아프리칸 얌은 유연성이 높은 종으로 3개의 그룹을 형성하였다. 아프리칸 얌의 FT-IR 스펙트럼 데이터와 UV-VIS spectrophotometer을 이용한 total carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics 함량 데이터 간에 PLS regression 분석하였다. Total carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics 함량 성분의 실측 값과 예측 값간에 상관계수($R^2$)가 각각 0.83, 0.86, 0.72로 나타났다. 이 결과, 아프리칸 얌으로부터 FT-IR 스펙트럼을 이용한 total carotenoids, flavonoids, phenolics 함량 예측이 가능하였다. 본 연구에서 확립된 대사체 수준에서 아프리칸 얌의 유용 기능성 성분 함량 예측 모델링을 통해 품종, 계통의 신속한 선발 수단으로 활용이 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2005

Continuous and intense UV irradiation on PTT film using two types of UV bulbs at different irradiation power level was carried out to modify surface characteristics of the film including zeta potential, wettability, surface energy, and dyeability. ESCA analysis of the irradiated film showed higher O/C ratio than the untreated film indicating photooxidation of outer surface layer. ATR analysis showed that the ester bonds were broken and some new groups were produced such as carboxylic acid, phenolic hydroxy, and other esters, implying that ester bonds of PTT was responsible for the observed photooxidation effect. The surface of the treated PTT film became more hydrophilic and wettable to water, coupled with increased surface energy. Polar component of the surface energy increased and nonpolar component decreased with increasing irradiation energy. The treatment also decreased zeta potential of the modified surface and nanoscale roughness increased with increasing irradiation. The dyeability of the treated films to catonic dyes was significantly improved by electrostatic and polar interaction between dye molecules and the anionic film surface. The UV irradiation seems to be a viable polymer surface modification technology, which has advantages such as no vacuum requirement and continuous process unlike plasma treatment.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.23-28
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• 2020

In this study, the marker compound contents of both the taproot and lateral root of Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza Radix), which is cultivated in Korea, were investigated. The salvianolic acid B content was the highest in the taproot (5.17-6.75%) and lateral root (3.99-5.69%). The cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA contents were higher in the lateral root than in the taproot of Danshen (p <0.05). Principal component analysis results revealed that the taproot was correlated to the salvianic acid A, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B, and salvianolic acid A contents, whereas the lateral root was correlated to the cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I, and tanshinone IIA contents. The total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the taproot were higher than those of the lateral root (p <0.05); however, the antioxidant activities of the taproot and lateral root of Danshen were similar. The salvianolic acid B content was correlated to the TPC of the taproot (r=0.748) and the 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid radical scavenging activity of the lateral root (r=0.847). This study could provide useful information for the classification of Danshen as a herbal medicinal product.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.97-102
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• 1999

Antimicrobial activity and chemical composition of volatile flavor extracts from Agastache rugosa were investigated. The volatile flavor extracts were obtained from leaves and stems of Agastache rugosa by simultaneous distillation extraction (SDE) method. Antimicrobial activity was investigated by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods against several microorganisms of Bacillus cereus, bacillus megaterium, Bacillus subtilis, Corynebacterium xerosis, Staphylo coccus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Agrobacterium rhizogenes , Agrobacterium tumefaciences, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Candida utilis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Volatile flavor extractsfrom leaves have strong antimicrobial activity against C.utilis and S.cerevisiae. When 0.12% volatile flavor extracts from fresh leaves were included in the medium, lag phase of C. utilis was extended 6 hr and that of S.utilis and S.cerevisiae was extended 2hr. Further analyses were performed to elucidatethe effective component of the extracts. The major component of volatile flavor was estragole, a phenolic compound. Minor components were determined to be terpenes , alcohols, acids , esters, ketones and aldethydes.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.112-115
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• 1996

Some antioxidant phenolic compounds exhibit prooxidant activity mainly due to their abilities to reduce $Fe^{3+}\; to\; Fe^{2+}.$ Reducing ability and prooxidant activity of maltol, an antioxidant component of Korean red ginseng, were compared with those of pyrogallol. Maltol at 2 mM did not appreciably reduce$ Fe^{3+}\; to\; Fe^{2+}$ and also failed to reduce nitroblue tetrazolium. Stimulation of hydroxyl radical mediated-deoxyribose degradation by pyrogallol was maximal at 60 .mu.M. Maltol stimulated the deoxyribose degradation to a much less extent, and a similar stimulatory effect was observed at a concentration of more than 100-fold higher than that of pyrogallol. The stimulatory effect of maltol reached a plateau over 1 mM, suggesting the removal of hydroxyl radicals by excess maltol. In bleomycin-$Fe^{3+}$-DNA assay, maltol at 2 mM produced a 2.5-fold increase of the iron-bleomycin-dependent DNA degradation over the basal value, whereas pyrogallol at 10 .mu.M accelerated DNA degradation by ca. 10-fold. Furthermore, maltol inhibited $Fe^{2+}$-stimulated DNA degradation by bleomycin. These results strongly suggested that maltol is an antioxidant with little prooxidant activity.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2022

In this study, conditions for extraction of functional component from Nypa fruticans wurmb was optimized. The yield by extraction with 30% ethanol (LE30, 42.12%) was higher than those hot water extraction (LDW 33.32%), 50% ethanol (LE50, 40.12%) and 70% ethanol (LE70, 34.5%). The extract was purified and analyzed by GC MS. The prevailing compounds found in extract were Cyclodecasiloxane-, pentadecanoic acid, -eicosane, undecanal and tridecanoic acid. The presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in ethanolic extract vindicate the use of this plant to treat many diseases in traditional medicine. The total phenolic contents in the LDW, LE30, LE50, LE70 extract were 128±1.65 mg/g, 205±2.3 mg/g, 210±4.23 mg/g and 180±5.6 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH was highest in LE70 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 81.14%), ABTS was highest in LE50 extract (1,000 ㎍/mL, 84.14%). The protective effects against oxidative stress in raw 264.7 cell imparted by the LE50 extract was better than those imparted by the other extracts. The findings of the present study suggest that 50% ethanol is best solvent for extraction of Nypa fruticans Wurmb, considering yield, polyphenol content, and antioxidant activities with extraction cost.