• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.295-301
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• 1999

The nucleotide sequence of a 447 base pair fragment in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the complete sequence of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene, 938 bp, were analyzed to infer inter- and intraspecific genetic relationships of Hyla japonica and H. suweonensis from Korea and H, japonica from Japan. In the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, genetic differentiation among H. japonica populations were 9.62% and 15.66% between H. japonica and H. suweonensis. Based on the Tamura-Nei distance, the level of sequence divergence ranged from 0.45% to 2.75% within Korean H. japonica, while 8.31%-8.87% between Korean and Japanese H. japonica and 11.51%-12.46% between H. japonica and H. suweonensis. In the neigh-bor-joining tree, Korean populations of H. japonica were clustered first at 2.22% and followed by Japanese H. japonica and H. suweonensis at 8.51% and 12.29%, respectively. In mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, genetic differentiation between H. japonica and H. suweonensis nras 7.17% (68 bp) including 7 gaps. Based on Tamura-Nei distance, the level of sequence divergence ranged 3.53% between Korean and Japanese H. japonica and from 4.93% to 5.41% between H. japonica and H. suweonensis. Phenogram pattern of the 12S rRNA gene sequence corresponded with that of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.267-274
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• 2012

To understand morphological and genetic differentiation between Euphorbia esula and E. maackii we examined 12 morphological characters and 11 isozyme loci from 14 populations of two species. Species of E. esula complex (A = 1.63, P = 44.83, $H_e$ = 0.198) in Korea maintain nearly as high as the genetic diversity reported in East Asian E. jolkinii and E. fauriei while lower than those of E. ebracteolata and E. pekinensis in Korea. Although the ranges of most morphological character variation of the two species overlap, E. esula and E. maackii were well recognized by the combination of the morphological traits, and the result of UPGMA phenogram supports the two distinct species inhibited in Korea. However, isozyme data do not support the recognition of E. esula and E. maackii. The discordance between morphological and allozyme data should be explained by the recent divergence or gene flow via introgressive hybridization between two species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.359-371
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• 2003

Numerical analyses using 28 morphological characters from 14 populations of four Korean Orostachys species were conducted to investigate infra-specific variation and to test species relationships. The resulting phenogram recognized three distinct clusters, and the populations of O. malacophyllus, O. iwarenge and O. minutus were closely related each other. The populations of O. japonicus from Gaeksanri (I) and Gadeuk-do were isolated from the remaining populations of the species, and it suggests that the ranges of morphological variation within the species are significant, and related to the previous cytological variation. The Jungdongjin population of O. malacophyllus was not grouped together with the same species, but was clustered with the populations of the O. japonicus, and suggested that it seems to be an unrelated population in O. malacophyllus. The results of the PCA analysis recognized two distinct groups: the populations of O. japonicus and remaining species populations. The populations of O. malacophyllus, O. minutus and O. iwarenge placed within the closely related species.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.17-29
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• 2008

Phylogenetic relationships were examined for 17 taxa of Lycoris by RAPD analysis. The length of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 300 bp to 1,700 bp. 57 scorable RAPD markers were observed from PCR reactions with five random oligoprimers. The analysis by UPGMA sepatated the examined taxa of Lycoris into were clusters. First group was comprised of ten taxa of L. chinensis var. sinuolata, L. sanguinea var. koreana, L. uydoensis, L. flavescens, L. radiata var. pumila, L. radiata, L. squamigera, L. chejuensis, L. aurea and L. guangxiensis, second group of L. haywardii, L. sprengeri, L. rosea, L. straminea and L. houdyshii, third group of outgroup of Narcissus tazetta var. chinensis and Crinum asiaticum var. japonicum. From the viewpoint of cytological characters such as polyploidy and karyotype, the RAPD analysis was very useful to show the relationship among the intraspecific taxa of Lycoris.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.322-329
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• 2011

Microsatellite markers were utilized to investigate genetic diversity among 70 Korean barley varieties (Hordeum vulgare). Ninety nine microsatellite primer pairs were screened for 9 varieties. Twenty primer pairs showed highly polymorphic. The relationship between markers genotypes and 70 varieties was analyzed. A total of 124 polymorphic amplified fragments were obtained by using 20 microsatellite markers. Two to nine SSR alleles were detected for each locus with an average of 6.2 alleles per locus. Average polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.734, ranging from 0.498 to 0.882. A total of 124 marker loci were used to calculate Jaccard's distance coefficients for cluster analysis using UPGMA. Clustering group was divided 2 groups corresponding to 2-rowed and 6-rowed barley varieties. The phenogram was discriminated all varieties by markers genotypes. These markers may be used wide range of practical application in variety identification and genetic purity assessment of barley.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.161-174
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• 2005

In order to presume the relationships between two species of P. ternata and P. tripartia, and their populations of the Korean Pinellia, RAPD analysis was performed. The length of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 300 to 2,500bp. Seventy scorable RAPD makers were found from the PCR reactions with 7 random oligoprimers and were analyzed by Nei-Li's genetic coefficient. Also, some regional groups instead of same taxa were clustered from the phenogram of UPGMA analysis and NJ tree. Populations within each species were clustered at low genetic distance, there had the closed relationship. According to the regional individuals, Pinellia ternata was showed the variation pattern of morphological (leaf shape and flower color) and cytological characters(somatic chromosome numbers). So we suggested to difference of characteristic variety based on variety of habitat. According to this study, new species (Pinellia sp.) was affiliated with Pinellia and had the closest relationship with Hallasan and Japan population. The RAPD data was very useful to define the genetic variation and to discuss the relationships among the intraspecific taxa and their populations of the Korean Pinellia.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.341-348
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• 1995

Genetic status of Acnnthamoebc sap. were tested on the basis of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker analysis. Four previously established Accnthcmoebn species, 4 Korean isolates of Acnnthamoeba sp., and one American isolate of Acanthcmoebc sp. were analyzed by RAPD-PCR using an arbitrary decamer primers. Amplification products were fractionated by agarose gel electrophoresis and slainrd by ethidium bromide . Eighteen primers produced DNA amplification profiles revealing clear differences among 4 species. Nine of them also produced DNA amplification profiles which included some isolate-specific amplification products. On the basis of amplified fragments by 18 primers, the pairwise similarity indices between A. culbensoni and other species (i.e. A. hntchetti, A. trinngularis, A. polyphaga) were 0.300, 0.308, and 0.313, respectively. Similarity index between A. hctchetti and A. triansulcris was 0.833. The mean similarity index among the 3 Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) was 0.959 and 0.832 among them and 2 other species (A. hatchetti and A. triongulnris). The mean similarity index among YM-5 and other Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) was 0.237. However, the similarity index between YM-5 and A. culbeksoni was 0.857, which suggests that YM-5 is genetically more similar to A. culbertsoni than other Korean isolates. Phonogram reconstructed by UPGMA method revealed that there are two groups: one group consists of A. hctchetti, A. tlonsulcns, and 3 Korean isolates (YM-2, -3, -4) , and the other group consists of A. cuLbensoni. A. polwphosc, HOV, and YM-5.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.295-311
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• 2005

Starch gel electrophoretic studies using 24 populations of five Korean Orostachys species were conducted to investigate allozyme variation and to test hypotheses of systematic relationships among species. The resulting phenogram showed that the populations of five Korean Orostachys species were divided into two major groups. And they were concordant with molecular and morphological data in suggesting that Orostachys was divided into two groups corresponding to the subsect. Appendiculatae and subsect. Orostachys. The low genetic identities among Korean Orostachys species indicated that the species of Orostachys have diverged gradually through the model of geographical species. Comparing the previous genetic data from the species with similar life history and mode of reproduction, most of Korean Orostachys species revealed a significant low genetic variation, while the widespread O. japonicus showed a relatively high genetic variation among the Korean species. This kind of genetic variation pattern might be the results of the isolated habitats, limited numbers of individuals within the populations, destruction of habitats, inbreeding and asexual reproduction in Korean Orostachys populations. The Jungdongjin population (POP 21) of O. malocophyllus was genetically unrelated with remaining populations of the same species, and this interpretation was consistent to the results from the previous palynological and morphological studies. Our allozyme data supported the taxonomic treatment of recently proposed taxa, O. iwarenge (Makino) Hara for. magnus and O. margaritifolius.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.580-589
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• 2013

This study was carried out to evaluate the suitability of microsatellite markers for varietal identification and genetic relationship of 170 commercial pepper cultivars. The relationship between marker genotypes and 11 pepper cultivars with different morphological traits was also analyzed. Of the 302 pairs of microsatellite primers screened against 11 pepper cultivars, 24 pairs were highly polymorphic in terms of number of alleles. These markers were applied for the construction of DNA profile data base for 170 commercial pepper cultivars. A total of 164 polymorphic amplified fragments were obtained from 24 microsatellite primers. The average polymorphism information content was 0.673 ranging from 0.324 to 0.824. One hundred and sixty four microsatellite alleles were used to calculate Jaccard's distance coefficients using unweighted pair group method. A clustering group of varieties, based on the results of microsatellite analysis, were categorized into 3 major groups corresponding to morphological traits. The phenogram discriminated all varieties by markers genotypes. These microsatellite markers will be useful as a tool for protection of plant breeders' intellectual property rights through variety identification in distinctness, uniformity and stability test.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.152-158
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• 2009

We performed RAPD analysis to investigate the inter-/intraspecific relationships and regional variations of Phragmites japonica and P. communis according to the environmental change. One hundred and fourty nine genetic effective polymorphic bands between 300 bp and 1,900 bp were marked from RAPD PCR with nine oligoprimers. From the RAPD analysis by Nei-Li's genetic distance, the dissimilarity indices among the populations of Phragmites japonica were relatively low from 0.012 to 0.061, and Phragmites communis were also low from 0.033 to 0.095. It showed the close genetic relationships among the same species populations, and both species were distinctly independent with relatively high level of dissimilarity indices (0.043 - 0.132). The obvious genetic markers to distinguish two species were confirmed and those profiles were suggested. From the UPGMA phenogram by RAPD analysis, both species showed the water environment related cluster patterns by distributional regions. RAPD analysis was useful to delimit two species taxonomically and to investigate the genetic relationships among inter-/intraspecific populations.