• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제5권9호
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• pp.1684-1697
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• 2011

We show that two protocols for RFID mutual authentication in pervasive computing environments, recently proposed by Kang et al, are vulnerable to several attacks. First, we show these protocols do not preserve the privacy of users' location. Once a tag is authenticated successfully, we show several scenarios where legitimate or illegitimate readers can trace the location of that tag without any further information about the tag's identifier or initial private key. Second, since the communication between readers and the database takes place over an insecure communication channel and in the plaintext form, we show scenarios where a compromised tag can gain access to confidential information that the tag is not supposed get access to. Finally, we show that these protocols are also vulnerable to the replay and denial-of-service attacks. While some of these attacks are due to simple flaws and can be easily fixed, others are more fundamental and are due to relaxing widely accepted assumptions in the literature. We examine this issue, apply countermeasures, and re-evaluate the protocols overhead after taking these countermeasures into account and compare them to other work in the literature.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제53권10호
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• pp.103-108
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• 2016

미래의 것으로 여겨지던 pervasive 컴퓨팅이 현재 널리 이용되고 있다. Pervasive 컴퓨팅의 단점으로 여겨지는 데이터의 유출문제는 데이터의 확실한 보호가 이루어진다면 크게 부각되지 않겠지만 해커들의 홈 네트워크를 통한 정보 수집 등과 같은 문제들이 발생하고 있다. Pervasive 디바이스는 일반적으로 소비 전력, 공간 및 비용 측면에서 제약을 가지고 있고 완벽한 암호화 환경의 구현은 현실적으로 불가하다. 따라서 연구의 초점은 가능한 적은 메모리를 필요로 하는 암호화 경량화에 집중하고 있다. 본 논문은 새로운 경량 블록 암호의 설계 및 구현에 초점을 두고 치환-순열(S-P) 네트워크와 파이스텔 구조의 장단점을 연구하여, 두 가지 네트워크의 이용시 가장 적합한 방향을 제시한다. 알고리즘은 S-박스 및 P-박스와 함께 파이스텔 구조를 사용한다. 본 논문에서는 백도어 아이디어가 알고리즘에 사용되는 것을 방지하기 위해 S-박스를 사용하였다. P-박스와 달리 S-박스는 키 디펜던트 원 스테이지 오메가 네트워크를 사용하여 보안 단계를 향상하였다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 하드웨어는 Verilog HDL로 설계되었으며 Virtex6 XC4VLX80 FPGA iNEXT-V6 테스트 보드를 사용하여 검증하였다. Simple core design은 337 MHz의 최대 클록 주파수에서 196 슬라이스를 합성한다.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2006

퍼베이시브 컴퓨팅(pervasive computing) 기술이 현실화됨에 따라, 사용자에게 언제 어디서나 맞춤화된 서비스를 제공하기 위한 연구가 확대되고 있다. 기존 연구에서는 주로 단일 서비스가 센서 정보를 처리하는 제한된 방향으로 맞춤화된 서비스를 제공하고 있어, 사용자의 다양한 요구에 적응적인 서비스를 제공하는데 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 시뮬레이션 기반 상황 인식 웹 서비스(CAS: Context-Aware Web services) 개발 방법론을 제안한다. 제안된 방법론은 사용자 상황 정보(예. 위치), 웹서비스 상황 정보(예. 반응시간), 사용 기기의 상태(예. 가용성), 환경 정보(예. 센서 데이터) 등을 시뮬레이션을 통해 종합적으로 고려하여 사용자 환경에 적응적인(adaptable) 서비스를 제공하도록 한다.

• 한국전자거래학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전자거래학회 2004년도 e-Biz World Conference
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

◎Origin ·Mark Weiser(52-99)：Xerox PARC CTO ·Ubique in Latin = Everywhere ◎Simila Terms ·Ubiquitous Network/IT ·Pervasive/Nomadic/Wearable/Disappearing Computing ◎ Characteristics ·Everywhere, Mobility ·w/o Awareness w/ Awareness tech： e.g., Speedpass of Mobil, Intelligent cart of Wal-Mart(omitted)

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.4008-4022
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• 2016

This paper tries to extend the conventional conceptual framework of the Internet of Things (IoT) so as to reify an advanced pervasive IoT-community collaboration concept, which is called the process-aware Internet of Things. The extended conceptual framework is embodied as a referential architecture that can be a standardized reference model supporting the conceptual integration of the Internet of Things and the process awareness. The extended referential architecture covers the full range of the architectural details from abstracting the process-aware behavioral semantics to reifying the IoT-process enactments. These extended framework and architecture ought to be the theoretical basis for implementing a process-aware IoT-community computing system supporting process-aware collaborations of Things in pervasive computing environments. In particular, we do point up that the proposed framework of the process-aware Internet of Things is revised from the Internet of Things framework announced in ITU-T SG13³ Y.2060 [26] by integrating the novel concept of process awareness. We strongly believe that the extended conceptual framework and its referential architecture are able to deliver the novel and meaningful insight as a standardized platform for describing and achieving the goals of IoT-communities and societies.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 학술대회 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.286-288
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• 2005

If we are to realize the everyday benefits promised by pervasive computing and context-aware applications, we must first develop the infrastructure to provide contextual location and orientation information through pervasive computing elements. We have implement indoor positioning system to supply orientation information. We have used ultrasound in indoor positioning system for distance and orientation measurements, then propose a set of methods to calculate orientation from an array of well placed ultrasonic sensors operating in the indoor positioning system. We have design and implement a indoor positioning system using a combination of hardware and software and demonstrate end-to-end functionality of the system.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.412-417
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• 2009

With ubiquitous computing aid, it can improve human being's life quality if all people have more convenient medical service under pervasive computing environment. In this paper, for a pervasive health care application for diabetes patient, we've implemented a health care system, which is composed of three parts. Various sensors monitor both outer and inner environment of human such as temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and glycemic index, etc. These sensors form zigbee-based sensor network. And as a backend, medical information server accumulates sensing data and performs back-end processing. To simply transfer these sensing values to a medical team may be a low level's medical service. So, we've designed a model with context awareness for more improved medical service which is based on ART(adaptive resonance theory) neural network. Our experiments show that a proposed healthcare system can provide improved medical service because it can recognize current context of patient more concretely.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.335-354
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• 2014

The accuracy of training-based activity recognition depends on the training procedure and the extent to which the training dataset comprehensively represents the activity and its varieties. Additionally, training incurs substantial cost and effort in the process of collecting training data. To address these limitations, we have developed a training-free activity recognition approach based on a fuzzy logic algorithm that utilizes a generic activity model and an associated activity semantic knowledge. The approach is validated through experimentation with real activity datasets. Results show that the fuzzy logic based algorithms exhibit comparable or better accuracy than other training-based approaches.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2011

Extended life expectancy and a decrease in fertility rates are dramatically increasing the number of seniors who will eventually need professional care assistance. Although there is no clear technical solution to this problem, recent advances in ubiquitous computing offer opportunities to assist elders in their residence, thus reducing the need for professional assistance in special facilities. There have been several studies, but current solutions tend to address specific issues and cannot be easily extended, updated, and customized to meet the complex and evolving requirements of eldercare assistance. This study aims to bridge this gap, and this paper presents a context-management framework, called awareness for pervasive environments (APE), that provides easily customizable support for the development of ubiquitous eldercare services and applications.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 2007년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.34 No.2 (B)
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• pp.61-65
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• 2007

편재형 컴퓨팅(pervasive computing)에서 컨텍스트에 대한 중요성은 점점 강조되고 있다. 편재형 컴퓨팅(pervasive computing) 환경에서 다양한 디바이스들은 사용자의 상황에 가장 적절한 서비스를 제공하기 위해 통신할 필요가 있는데, 특히 센서는 컨텍스트 데이터를 얻는데 효과적이다. 컨텍스트 정보를 얻기 위해 사용되는 센서들은 물리적인 센서들로부터 가상 센서까지 여러 가지가 있는데, 이러한 다양한 센서들을 관리하기 위해 센서 프레임워크가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 모바일에서의 센서 어플리케이션 표준인 JSR256을 기반으로 한 센서 프레임워크를 어플리케이션 개발자의 시각이 아닌 센서 개발자의 시각에서 분석하였다. 그리고 관련 문제점을 발견하여 다양한 센서들을 효율적으로 관리하고 새로운 센서 모듈을 용이하게 개발할 수 있는 센서 프레임워크를 제안하고 제시된 센서 프레임워크를 통한 재사용성을 검증해 보았다.