• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권19호
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• pp.8521-8526
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• 2014

In many countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), cancer is an increasing problem due to ageing and a transition to Western lifestyles. Governments have been slow to react to the health consequences of these socioeconomic changes, leading to the risk of a cancer epidemic overwhelming the region. A major limitation to motivating change is the paucity of high-quality data on cancer, and its socioeconomic repercussions, in ASEAN. Two initiatives have been launched to address these issues. First, a study of over 9000 new cancer patients in ASEAN - the ACTION study - which records information on financial difficulties, as well as clinical outcomes, subsequent to the diagnosis. Second, a series of roundtable meetings of key stakeholders and experts, with the broad aim of producing advice for governments in ASEAN to take appropriate account of issues relating to cancer, as well as to generate knowledge and interest through engagement with the media. An important product of these roundtables has been the Jakarta Call to Action on Cancer Control. The growth and ageing of populations is a global challenge for cancer services. In the less developed parts of Asia, and elsewhere, these problems are compounded by the epidemiological transition to Western lifestyles and lack of awareness of cancer at the government level. For many years, health services in less developed countries have concentrated on infectious diseases and mother-and-child health; despite a recent wake-up call (United Nations, 2010), these health services have so far failed to allow for the huge increase in cancer cases to come. It has been estimated that, in Asia, the number of new cancer cases per year will grow from 6.1 million in 2008 to 10.6 million in 2030 (Sankaranarayanan et al., 2014). In the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), corresponding figures are 770 thousand in 2012 (Figure 1), rising to 1.3 million in 2030 (Ferlay et al., 2012). ASEAN consists of Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam. It, thus, includes low- and middle-income countries where the double whammy of infectious and chronic diseases will pose an enormous challenge in allocating limited resources to competing health issues. Cancer statistics, even at the sub-national level, only tell part of the story. Many individuals who contract cancer in poor countries have no medical insurance and no, or limited, expectation of public assistance. Whilst any person who has a family member with cancer can expect to bear some consequential burden of care or expense, in a poor family in a poor environment the burden will surely be greater. This additional burden from cancer is rarely considered, and even more rarely quantified, even in developed nations.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2018

최근 1인 가족 증가 및 핵가족화로 인해 미니수박에 대한 소비가 증가되고 있다. 따라서 미니수박에 대한 표준재배법을 확립하기 위하여, 재배유형에 따른 재식거리가 미니수박의 생육, 수량성, 과실특성과 라이코펜 및 당 함량 등에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 정식 30일 및 90일후 생육은 재배유형별로 재식거리가 클수록 생육이 양호하였으며, 수확기의 후기생육은 포복형 재배보다는 아치형이나 ${\cap}$자형에서 가장 양호하였다. 주당 착과수는 재배유형별로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 단위면적당 수량은 밀식재배가 가능한 ${\cap}$자형이 아치형과 포복형에 비해 50% 이상 높았으며, 당도가 다소 증가하였다. 'Minimi'의 과실당 종자수는 대과종인 '삼복꿀'과 비슷하였으나, 종자 100립중은 '삼복꿀'의 1/3크기로 작았다. 라이코펜 함량은 '삼복꿀'보다 'Minimi'에서 30% 이상 높았고, 당성분은 유의한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 미니수박의 재배방식은 ${\cap}$자형 지주재배가 포복재배나 아치형에 비해 단위면적당 수량과 품질이 높았으며, 재식거리는 $120{\times}40cm$에서 수광량, 생육, 수량 및 품질 등에서 가장 양호하였다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.125-146
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• 2009

우수한 이점들을 갖춘 오픈소스 소프트웨어(OSS)의 출현은 많은 사람들에게 상당한 흥미를 불러일으켰다. 대표적인 OSS로 알려진 리눅스(Linux)에 관한 연구에서 보편적인 방법으로 개발할 경우, 약 54억 유로의 비용이 들고, 연 73,000명의 개발자들이 필요할 것이라고 추정하였다. 그러나 리눅스는 개인사용자들을 위한 운영체제 시장 점유의 0.65퍼센트만을 차지하고 있었고 이는 마이크로소프트 윈도우즈 제품이 전체의 90퍼센트를 차지하는 것과 대조적인 것이었다. OSS의 개발에 사용된 대부분의 노력들이 낭비되거나, 잠재적인 가치가 실제적으로 사용자들에게는 의미 없게 되는 결과였다. OSS의 채택은 현재의 소프트웨어의 사용을 중단함과 동시에 새로운 소프트웨어로 변경(전환)하는 것이다. 만약 사용자들이 전환하기를 주저한다면, OSS를 채택할 수 없을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 리눅스 사례를 활용하여 현재 사용하고 있는 상업성의 운영체제를 무료 운영체제(오픈소스 소프트웨어)로 전환하는 것에 대한 사용자 저항을 조사하였다. 본 연구는 전환비용을 6개의 세부유형(불확실 비용, 감정비용, 설치비용, 학습비용, 이익 손실 비용, 매몰비용)으로 분류하고, 201명의 사용자들을 대상으로 한 설문결과를 바탕으로 변화에 대한 사용자 저항에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 조사 결과, 변화에 대한 사용자 저항은 OSS의 채택의도에 부정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 본 연구는 불확실 비용과 감정비용이 변화에 대한 사용자 저항에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었다. 기술 수용에 관한 선행연구들을 뛰어넘어, 본 연구는 전환비용이 변화에 대한 사용자 저항에 영향을 미치는 것을 이해하는데 공헌하고, OSS의 채택을 향상시키기 위한 전략을 개발하는 OSS 주창자들에게 제언하는데 의미가 있다.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.136-151
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• 2003

The summarized analysis result of this research is as follows. First, regarding the difference of preceding variable and dependent variable, statistically considerable difference did not appear between self determination and personal relations in educational background and between groups of self determination in hotel type, and statistically considerable difference appeared among other groups. Second, regression analysis result between empowerment and job satisfaction turned out that statistically considerable influence is exerted in the order of personal relations ability, influence power, role performance ability and self-decision nature. Third, regression analysis result between empowerment and job devotion turned out that statistically considerable influence is exerted in the order of personal relations ability, role performance ability and influence power. Fourth, regression analysis result between empowerment and organization devotion turned out that statistically considerable result is exerted in the order of influence power and personal relations ability. Fifth, it turned out that statistically relative high correlation existed among correlation of empowerment and result variable such as job satisfaction, job devotion and organization devotion. The above-mentioned matters considered, this research proposes following points. This research examines the effect of empowerment on job satisfaction and organizational commitment of culinary staff in the hotel. the effect of the variable of empowerment on result variable shows that role performance ability, influence power and personal relations ability are important variables. Therefore, to improve the role performance ability of members of kitchen, it is essential for each individual to improve their ability and to have confidence at the time of business performance. So, this research implies that consistent and systematic training is necessary for increasing the ability and confidence. In order to improve influence power, it is necessary for members of an organization to have strong faith that their jobs determine the success of the company, and to increase the sense of self-control by letting them have the right of self determination, so that all members may have strong desire to transact business. This research implies that in order to improve personal relations ability, it is necessary for members of an organization to discover the best method of decision-making and solve problems through members' developing mutual action, and for managers to take personal characteristics into account so that members may have belief and confidence in their job and realize the value of their job. In conclusion, the person in charge of personnel affairs and the manager in charge of kitchen need to realize the importance of empowerment and especially have an much interest in all parts including self determination, influence power and role performance ability and personal relations ability etc.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제9호
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• pp.59-91
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• 2010

The Bauhaus educational method gave the strong influences on Modern Japanese art and design education. In the 1920s and 1930s, Japan allied with Germany and Italy politically and tried to receive German system to be modernized. The reception of the Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagy's photographic theory was one of those activities at that time. Japanese intellectual class went to the Bauhaus and studied there; Ishimoto Kikuchi, Nakata Sadanosuke, Mijutani Takehiko, Yamawaki Iwao and Yamawaki Michiko(Yamawaki Iwao's wife). Especially, Yamawaki Iwao studied about the architecture at the Bauhaus, but his interest moved toward the photography and the photomontage based on Moholy-Nagy's theory. He studied at the photography workshop of the Bauhaus presented by Peterhans irregularly. Even though Yamawaki Iwao was an architect, he wanted to be admitted as an expert for the photomontage that he particularly studied at the Bauahus as a Bauhaus member. He had presented many articles about the photomontage at the photography magazines in Japan in order to introduce it to Japan since he returned in 1933. Thus, Yamawaki Iwao is the important person when we look back the Modern Japanese design and art history. In Japan, the art and design systems are managed by the Bauhaus educational system until now, and it has become a kind of cultural legacy in Modern Japan; The university of Tama and The university of Tsukuba are the representative educational systems which are based on the Bauhaus legacy. However, Yamawaki Iwao had been concealed as a photographer in Japanese design and photography history until the retrospective discuss named by 'Bauhaus syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' at the photography magazine, Deja-vu in 1995 and the retrospective exhibition titled as 'Bauhaus syashin(bauahustofografie)' in 1997. This study rethinks of Yamawaki Iwao's historical position while looking at the term as 'Bauhaus Syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' used in Japan. It is very important to bear in mind Moholy-Nagy's wide variety of approaches to photography at the Bauhaus, but it is impossible to name it 'Bauhaus style'. 'Bauhaus style' is the international style in architecture, but that was never a Bauhaus style in photography. Eugene J. Prakapas indicated that the vague term of 'Bauhaus Photographies' in his article in 1985 as well. This study considers the historical background for the mistake of the term of 'Bauhaus Syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' in Modern Japanese history, while looking at Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage faintly entering on the historical stage again to discuss the reception of the photomontage from him. In particular, Some of Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage presented as the wall photography in Japan during the Second World War, that was related to the propaganda of Japanese government. It had not been known well in the modern Japanese art and design history because it was related to a declaration of the Second World War by Japan. However, the historical position of his photomontage is very important for Japanese history when we rethink of the reception of the Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagys' photographic theory to build up the Japanese modern history. In the result, this study wants to discuss that the mistake of the term of 'Bauhaus syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' in Japan is related to the interpretation for the the historical position for Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage in the reception of Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagy's photography in Japan.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-48
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• 1993

Nowaday, there have a lot of changes in the demands of the aged persons. Their problems also came to the fore with diverse forms under the influences of industrialization, urbanization and nuclear family. To make the matter worse, the aged population is mounting rapidly. Also, such structure as nuclear family is widely disseminating uncomfortable to the aged. People is mainly being guided by self interest above everything else. Indeed, they had, all together, bad effects on our traditional value system regarding 'respect for the aged and devotion to patients'. It seems unfortunately obvious that the family responsibility is gradually weakening to support the old who is a dependent family. The result is that the aged must have suffered all sorts of hardships in lightenning psychological, physical and economical difficulties. First, to grasp the situations and conditions supporting for single aged persons from each view of psychological, emotional, family-relational, healthy, social and economical standpoints, and second, to analyze their own recognition levels thinking of their health conditions and the relationships between the supporting environments of old family dependants and their psychological healths and then finally, to propose suggestions being able to be helpful for living comfortably in an old age and thereby, building up good family relation. The statistical techniques used to analyze 115 respondents living in Puchun city are frequency, $x^2$ test, t-Jest, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficiency and Regression analysis (SPSS package), pertnent to prove the hypothesis suggested in this paper. Of course, it is needless to say that more data are needed on this point. However, several main research findings can be summarized as follows: First, the better single aged persons may be in the habit of eating a meal and the higher they may think of their physical health conditions and movement, the more they want to participate in economic activities to be free from economical dependence upon their children and to overcome lonliness. Second, single aged women appear to have had higher ability to take care their health for themself than single aged men do. It is why signle aged women do not, in general, have big problems to manage their health. But, as shown in this paper, single aged person"s were more liable to the diseases of the aged and, thereby, requiring special medical treatment badly to be healthy. Third. single aged persons revealed potential desires to free themself from socio economic dependence upon their children even in simple labor Job which can draw a monthly salary of about W200, 000. Fourth, they are generally satisfied with their children's filial piety toward them. Nonethless, most of them appear to be reluctantly dependent upon their children and live lonly lives very much. Fifth, they seem to have some hesitation in expressing their candid opinions as that then are some others along with family environmental factors for psychological and emotiona stability. Accordingly, it is safe to conclude by saying that much attention should' be paid no only to socio-economic supports and better medical services for the aged but also to political supports of the society and towards their children for the aged's emotiona support, for improving the quality of their lives in old age and promoting efficiency in suporting for old family dependants.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2003

Since the experience of major landscape change during last half of the century due to war and rapid urbanization, the traditional character has been weakened, and it is necessary for a reconsideration to improve the landscape for the future. To review these relationships, the importance of a comprehensive understanding of nature has been suggested. Therefore identification of a new concept based on the 'socio-cultural influence of landscape' and 'sense of place' which are related to peoples' previous experience, is required. Furthermore more practical definitions and criteria to reveal the relationship are necessary. Among the terms suggested to describe sense of place such as 'home', 'place identity', 'place-based meaning' and 'settlement identity' etc., the 'home' is selected to represent our surrounding landscape. For more practical classification of home landscape, additional terms are suggested and defined based on both the relationships between human beings and nature, and between memory derived from previous experience and shared values with in the community. The additional terms which are the most important in the role of landscape character related to humans' are; ⅰ) Personal Landscape: Landscape of an individual human, which derives from previous personal experience; involves distinguishable character for a given person, and it is emotional and flexible depending on circumstances. ⅱ) Ordinary Landscape： Landscape of the 'common interest' between members of a community, which is acceptable as a surrounding for everyday daily life, it produces the richness and variety of landscape. ⅲ) Kernel Landscape： Landscape of the 'common ground' which is acceptable to the majority members of the community, and it provides variety and stability for periods of time, and it could strongly represent community attitudes toward nature. ⅳ) Prototype Landscape: Landscape as the 'common denominator' of overall community from past to present and towards the future, which encompasses all the kernel landscape throughout history. It provides a sense of place, balances the homogeneity of character throughout overall communities. Some part of this can be shared throughout history to shape an overall sense of place. It can also represent short terms fashions. For a prototype landscape to reveal sense of place, there are a couple of points which we should underline the commencing point. Firstly, understanding the relationship between humans and nature should be based on a given character of surroundings. Secondly, reoccurring landscape elements which have sustained in history can lead to sense of place, and should be reviewed the influences between nature and humans.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.545-553
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• 2018

최근 여가 문화 비중이 날로 증가하면서 레저 관광 문화에 대한 관심 증대와 동시에 질 높은 문화 향유에 대한 기대치가 높아지고 있다. 초 중 고 자녀들의 견문 넓히기를 위해 주말이면 나들이를 떠나는 인구 비중 역시 문화 향유 기대치와 비례하여 계속 늘고 있는 추세다. 관람객의 주말 가족 단위 여행을 통한 체험은 휴식과 놀이는 물론 교육적인 목적을 포함한 활동이기를 기대한다. 최근 교육 프로그램은 과거 아이들만 현장에 맡기는 탁아형에서 벗어나 부모가 교육 활동에 개입하는 공유형으로 나아가고 있는 추세이며, 가족간 결속과 가족 탄력성이 은연중에 스며들도록 하는 잠재적 교육과정의 실현이 매우 중요해졌다. 교육의 효과는 한순간의 경험으로 끝나는 마침표가 아니라 반복된 훈련과 경험의 연속성을 통해 발현된다. 가족 간의 긴밀한 친화력과 소통, 공감 능력도 마찬가지이다. 가족이 함께 참여할 수 있는 체험과 교육의 기회 제공은 가족해체와 1인 가구 증가에 따른 결속력 회복을 위한 국가차원의 책무이다. 나아가 오늘날 박물관 미술관의 역할이자 의무이며 이를 통해 가족 결속력, 가족 친화력을 북돋을 수 있는 방안을 마련해야 한다. 특히나 교육박물관에서의 교육적 목적 실현을 위한 교육 프로그램 개발과 제공은 필수적이며, 사회적 차원의 '가족을 위한 교육'개발은 필연적이다. 본 고에서는 교육박물관에서의 가족 교육 프로그램 제공을 통한 온가족 참여 교육 결과를 가족 대상 설문과 인터뷰를 통해 분석해보고 보다 적극적인 가족 형태의 교육활성화를 제고하고자 한다.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2018

최근 각 언론, 기업계, 정부 유관기관 및 학계 등 많은 분야에서 4차 산업에 대한 관심이 폭발적으로 증가하였다. 특히 우리가 피부로 느낄 수 있는 분야인 인공지능이 인간능력을 이미 크게 앞서고 있다는 것을 깨닫고 나서 많은 사람들은 4차산업혁명이 실제로 우리 코 앞에 와있다는 것을 실감할 수 있었다. 이렇게 대부분 사람들의 생각보다 빠르게 다가온 4차산업을 어떻게 효율적으로 대응해야 할까? 특히 최근의 인공지능, 빅데이터, 무인자동차 및 유전자가위 등에 대한 상반된 견해들을 비교분석하는 방식으로 연구를 진행해 본다. 이러한 분석과 연구를 통하여 교육적, 정치적, 사회적, 윤리적 그리고 과학적 영향들을 파악해 본 결과, 현재까지 뚜렷하게 정립되어 있는 개념이나 체계, 시스템이 존재하지 않는다는 것을 이해할 수 있었고 오히려 4차산업혁명의 개념, 체계를 앞서서 정의하고 정립하는 국가나 기업, 개인들이 산업의 주도권을 확보할 수 있다는 것을 알게 되었다. 그러나 한국사회와 대학은 오히려 현재 2차산업혁명의 체계와 문화에서 머물러있는 듯한 모습을 보이고 있는데, 이러한 현실인식 위에서 새로운 산업혁명의 트렌드를 맞추어 따라갈 수 있는 방안들을 찾아 보고자 한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.209-220
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• 2010

본 연구는 유아들의 컴퓨터 활용에 대한 실태 및 능력을 알아보기 위하여 성별 및 연령별로 나누어 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구대상은 김포시에 소재한 K 대학의 유아교육과 학생들이 1개월간 실습한 실습 장소에 다니고 있는 유아들을 대상으로 총 378명의 설문지를 본 연구의 분석에 사용하였다. 본 연구결과 분석에 의하면 여아가 남아보다 한글읽기와 쓰기, 숫자 활동, 외국어 혹은 음악 미술활동 등의 교육적 목적으로 더 많이 사용하고 있었는데 여아들의 경우에 음악이나 미술활동을 위해 컴퓨터 활용을 남아들보다 많이 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 만화영화 나게임, 인터넷 검색 등의 흥미, 오락을 위한 컴퓨터 사용은 남아가 여아보다 높게 나타났다. 컴퓨터의 그림 지시를 이해하고 다룰 수 있는 능력과 친구와 이메일 주고받거나 채팅, 그림을 그릴 수 있는 능력, 인터넷 쇼핑, 홈페이지 제작등의 수준 높은 활용능력은 여아가 남아보다 우월한 것으로 나타났다. 반면 컴퓨터 게임능력은 남아가 여아보다 크게월등한 것으로 나타났다. 설문의 분석결과 유아교육용 응용소프트웨어개발은 남아는 흥미위주 및 게임형식의 응용프로그램을 여아는 음악 및 미술적요소를 활용한 응용프로그램을 활용하는 것이 바람직해 보이고 연령별로는 1-2세에서는 컴퓨터를 같이하는 사람의 적극적인 도움이 필요한 응용프로그램을, 3-4세에서는 일부의 도움을 필요로 하는 응용프로그램을 6-7세에서는 스스로 할 수 있는 응용프로그램으로 성별 및 나이에 적합한 응용프로그램이 필요하다.