• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.1017-1025
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• 2011

Objectives : Periodontal disease is a serious oral disease that frequently occurs among adults. The objective of this study is to provide necessary data for the development of an oral health care program that can effectively manage periodontal disease and subsequently maintain and enhance oral health. Methods : Data was collected from patients of a dental clinic in Daejeon, Korea from 1 July to 25 August 2009. A thesis submitted to the Committee of Graduate School of Public Health & Biotechnology Chungnam National University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Public Health conferred in February, 2010. Results : 68% of the patients were aware of periodontal disease, with older patients exhibiting better awareness. 48.0% replied that their periodontal health is good in general, with older patients inclined to say that their periodontal health was poor. 70.5% cited bad brushing habit or skipping the act of tooth brushing as the cause of periodontal disease, while 63.5% reported brushing their teeth an average of 3 times a day. 56.5% said that they brush their teeth correctly, and 63.5% told that they brush their teeth up and down, and left to right and 70.0% replied that they would attend an educational program for the prevention of periodontal disease, with older patients shown to more likely attend such a program. Conclusion : a program that can motivate people to become aware of the importance of oral health care should be developed and implemented. Such a program should include the dissemination of correct and accurate oral health care information and measures for educating people about the importance of prevention.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.604-612
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• 2016

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of national health insurance coverage of periodontal scaling using the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort for 2009-2013. After the enforcement of periodontal scaling covered by national health insurance, the number of patients diagnosed with periodontal disease and received treatment, has increased from 35,234 to 99,576 people in the last 4 years. Further, the number of patients who received the treatment of periodontal disease more than once, have also increased to around 69% in 2013 when compared to 2012. Moreover, the number of patients receiving periodontal scaling has been steadily increasing every year. Among the patients who visited hospital for periodontal disease, there has been an increase of 280%. As a result, continuous public relations and long-term research on the effect of periodontal scaling as a prophylactic treatment is necessary.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-reported symptoms of periodontal diseases. We performed a comprehensive analysis of periodontal health related factors. Methods: 581 volunteers representing a broad range of age from 20 to 65 were recruited from Seoul and Gyeonggi provinces. They participated in a self-administered survey of which the results were analyzed through the decision tree analysis using the data mining program. Results: 67% of the participants reported 'bad breath,' whereas 13.9% of participants reported 'toothache'. The decision analysis revealed that age was the most determining factor of adult periodontal health. Participants in 20s with a profound understanding of their periodontal health status exhibited a low vulnerability to periodontal diseases, whereas those lacking the awareness were more susceptible to the diseases. However, other participants in 30s and older showed a higher vulnerability to periodontal illness than those in 20s, whether or not they had suffered from chronic diseases. Conclusions: In order to effectively prevent periodontal diseases, an age-appropriate clinical approach will be necessary. For the younger age group it will be crucial to enhance the self-awareness of their current oral health status. On the other hand, those in 30s and older will need to pay a close attention to the prevention of chronic periodontal disease.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.219-224
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• 2007

In order to determine dental clinic inpatients' awareness about their periodontal health, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on total 212 inpatients admitted in 2 dental clinics and 1 dental hospital located all in Seoul metropolitan area. Resulting data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 statistic program. As a result, this study could come to the following conclusions: 1. It was found that overall awareness about health of periodontal tissues averaged 3.40 points; our respondents showed highest awareness on prevention of periodontal diseases(3.95 points), while showing the lowest awareness on maintenance of periodontal tissues(3.09 points). 2. For differences in the awareness on periodontal health depending on general characteristics, it was found that there were significant differences between respective groups in overall periodontal health awareness and its sub-domains depending on sex and occupation. 3. For possible correlations between respective sub-domains of awareness, it was found that preventive awareness had most significant correlations with causal awareness, while preventive awareness had no significant correlation with symptomatic awareness. 4. For differences in the extent of oral health practice and periodontal health awareness, it was found that the more frequency of daily toothbrushing plus scaling experiences led to more significant differences in all the sub-domains of awareness.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.855-864
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of periodontal disease in menopausal women. Methods: We used data from the 7th (2016-2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The subjects of the study were 2,643 women aged 40 to 59 years who participated in the periodontal examination and answered a menses questionnaire. The data were analyzed using complex samples multivariate logistic regression to investigate the effects related to periodontal disease in menopausal women. Results: After adjusting for general characteristics, oral health behaviors, and health status, those aged 50-59 years had odds ratio (OR) for periodontal disease of 2.52 compared to those aged 40-49 years. Compared to those who brushed 3 or more times a day, those with less than 3 brushings a day had OR of 1.48. Those who smoked had a 3.00 higher risk of periodontal disease than those who were non-smokers. Further, those with glycosuria had a 2.26 higher risk of periodontal disease than those without glycosuria. Conclusions: In order to promote the oral health of menopausal women, it is suggested that comprehensive and systematic oral health education should be implemented considering various variables.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.555-564
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate how mental health status affects oral health in the elderly. Methods: The subjects of the study provided the data for the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2013 to 2015. Four-hundred and twenty-one subjects were selected for the study. All data were analyzed by complex sampling frequency, chi-square test, and composite multiple regression analysis using SPSS 21.0 version. In addition, a significance level of 0.05 was considered. Results: The general factors affecting cases of periodontal disease were general characteristics, mental health status, oral health status, elderly males, household income, education level, daily brushing frequency, speaking, and stress. The effect of periodontal disease was 1.64 times higher in the male group than in the female group (p<0.001). In the household income level, the 'low' group had 1.91 times more periodontal disease, while the 'mid low' group had 1.64 times more periodontal disease than the 'high' group (p<0.05). Periodontal disease was found to be lower in the group that recognized subjective oral health status as 'good' (p<0.05). The study subjects had low levels of periodontal disease when there was no speaking difficulty (p<0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, in order to improve oral health of the elderly, it is necessary to understand the mental health condition of the elderly and prepare proper oral health education programs accordingly. Institutional devices for various oral health projects should be prepared, as well.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.57 no.12
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• pp.758-767
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• 2019

The classification of periodontal disease in 1999 has been widely used for determining a diagnosis, establishing a treatment plan, and evaluating the prognosis of the patient with periodontal disease. However, scientific evidence from many studies indicates the need for a new classification system for periodontal and peri-implant disease. Summary at 2017 world workshop as follows: 1) Periodontal health and peri-implant health was defined; 2) Chronic periodontitis and aggressive periodontitis were unified as periodontitis; 3) Periodontitis was further classified by staging and grading to reflect disease severity and management complexity, rate of disease progression, respectively; 4) Periodontal disease as manifestation of systemic disease is based on the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems-10 (ICD-10) code; 5) Periodontal biotype and biologic width was replaced to periodontal phenotype and supracrestal tissue attachment, respectively; 6) The excessive occlusal force was replaced by a traumatic occlusal force; 7) ≥3 mm of radiographic bone loss, ≥6 mm of pocket probing depth and bleeding on probing indicates peri-implantitis in the absence of radiograph at final prosthesis delivery.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.979-986
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and periodontal disease. Methods: The data used for the analysis were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2015). A total of 5,632 adults, aged over 19 years, were included in the study. This study analyzed data relating to socioeconomic status and health behaviors. The socioeconomic status was defined as an exogenous factor. Periodontal disease was the endogenous variable. Health behavior was a mediating variable. The study hypotheses were tested using Structural Equation Modeling analysis with Mplus 7.0 software. Results: According to the model fit test, the associated root-mean-square error was 0.05 (90% CI: 0.046-0.059); comparative fit index was 0.93; Tucker-Lewis index was 0.88; and standardized root-mean-square residual was 0.03. We found that socioeconomic status had significant effects on health behaviors (${\beta}=0.304$, p<0.001) and periodontal disease (${\beta}=-0.289$, p=0.001). Moreover, health behaviors had significant effects on periodontal diseases (${\beta}=0.143$, p<0.001). The analysis of a possible relationship between socioeconomic status and periodontal disease using path analysis demonstrated health behaviors difficulties, along with direct and indirect effects, further increased the risk of periodontal disease. Conclusions: The findings suggest that future interventions for the prevention of periodontal disease should consider health behavior.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine socioeconomic inequalities in oral health and to investigate the extent to which socioeconomic disparities in oral health are attenuated by oral health related consciousness and behaviors. Methods: We used data from the third 2006 Korea National Oral Health Survey(KNOHS) and a total of 3,457 subjects aged over 18 years were analyzed. The dependent variable was periodontal conditions which is devided into dichotomy, that is, health and ill-health, using the Community Periodontal Index(CPI) in KNOHS. Socioeconomic status(SES) were measured by educational attainment, income and residential area. Age, gender, oral health consciousness(self-assessed oral health status, concern about oral health and self-perceived dental treatment needs and behaviors(brushing, use of dental floss and dental visits) were adjusted in binary logistic regression analysis. Results and Conclusion: The results show that oral health consciousness and behaviors do not mediate the relationship between SES and periodontal health and there might be limitations to attenuate socioeconomic disparities in oral health only by changing of either oral health consciousness or(and) behaviors. Our findings suggest that more definite oral health policies and dental health education among adults with lower education will need in order to improve oral health.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.653-662
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influences of oral health behaviors, depression, and stress on periodontal disease in pregnant women. Methods: The participants in this study were 129 pregnant women. Data were collected using questionnaires which included individual characteristics, oral health care behaviors, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), a global measure of perceived stress, and pregnancy stress. A dentist measured periodontal probing depth and classified stages of periodontal disease according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: Periodontal disease had significant correlations with oral health care behaviors (r=-.56, p <.001), perceived stress (r=.44 p <.001), pregnancy stress (r=.37 p <.001), diet (r=-.33, p <.001) and depression (r=.18 p =.046). Factors influencing periodontal disease for these pregnant women were being in the 2nd (${\beta}=.27$, p <.001) or 3rd trimester (${\beta}=.45$, p <.001), having a pregnancy induced disease (${\beta}=.20$, p =.002), performing higher oral health behaviors (${\beta}=-.30$, p <.001), and having higher perceived stress (${\beta}=.17$, p =.028). The explanation power of this regression model was 61.6% (F=15.52, p <.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study indicated that periodic assessment of periodontal disease is essential for pregnant women who are in 2nd or 3rd trimester and have pregnancy induced diseases. Enhancing oral health care behaviors and reducing perceived stress are indicated as effective strategies to reduce periodontal disease in pregnant women.