• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2004

Weight change in the postpartum period is a dominant concern of new mothers recently. Postpartum weight retention has important public health implications as well, because retention of gestational weight can be a significant contributor to longterm obesity and associated health risks. As traditional medical practitioners have managed some problems from postpartum weight retention, use some terms translated in Korean like as postpartumedema, obesity. But those have been not given any discuss objective and with evidences for nomenclature. Now reports review normal postpartum weight loss patterns, as well as risk factors for weight retention, ancient literatures, so practitioners can assist their patients in achieving a healthy postpartum weight.

• 복식
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.159-173
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• 2002

The subject of the paper is for the study about the implication and the changes of design and functions in the underwear by the change of the times from late 19c until present time. Researching on documents and magazine's articles, and interviewing with women older than 60s is used for the period of previous 1960s. researching on documents, advertising, newspaper, and interviewing with the persons concerned is used for the period of after 1960s. Analysis showed periodical change in underwear is divided into that the changes of the time is divided into 1890-1950 start to Westernization in underwear, 1957-1969 Ready made in underwear. 1950-1969 Variety in underwear, 1980-1989 Fashioning, functioning in underwear, 1990-present Withdrawing from fundamental notion in underwear. The time of 1890-l950 showed the biggest change in an external form in underwear. In 1950-1969, notions of beauty in underwear ultimately swatch from Oriental sense to Western sense, In 70s, underwear achieved the early stage of fashioning. In 80s, Underwear became one of fashion item. In 90s, underwear achieved higher quality and variety. The basic notion of underwear was destroyed by exposing underwear.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2003

Exhaust manifolds suffer from serious temperature variation during the thermal fatigue test. The spatial distribution of temperature changes at each moment. Because transient flow can not be simulated during the long period of temperature change, the simulation can not be performed by conjugate heat transfer analysis. In this study, a new procedure for transient thermal analysis is established by decoupling fluid-solid analysis. The procedure consists of (1) transient CFD calculation (2 cycles), (2) mapping heat transfer coefficient to the inner surface of solid mesh as a boundary condition of heat conduction analysis and (3) transient heat conduction analysis in the long period (30 min). The realistic temperature change can be predicted by this procedure.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.86-90
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• 2002

A new concept of building, office-tel, had gone through many ups and downs after being introduced to our nation. However, it overcame all the problems and is now an important part of the rural construction. It showed new potential especially on 1998 by flexibly corresponding when the IMF crisis occurred causing a radical social/economical change. It played a crucial role on activating the depressed real estate business and flourished like never before. This study analyses the office-tel market change pattern and factors by time period and grasps the causal relationship and attempts to set a new standard to evaluate the social/economical role and value of the office-tel.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2005년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.139-142
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• 2005

The design of the period after 20th century has rapid change. It is due to the improvement and the change of technology which is composed of the parameter that is the science and the machine after the Industrial Revolution. The technology becomes the criteria of the value and appears to the symbol of the period. The purpose of this study is to define the expression characteristics by the development of technology and to examine how specificly it makes the influence on the change of Interior expression characteristics. Interior design can be expressed more creative and 4th dimensional spaces by the development of technology from the space, form and material side

• 복식
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.120-136
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• 2012

This thesis takes an aim to investigate the relationship between the costume and enlightenment ideology by studying the change of costume, and reviewing the portraiture of Queen Marie Antoinette. The method of this research is to select the 29 pieces among the portraitures from 1770 to 1793, and to analyze the headdress, shape of robes and ornaments. The results are as follows. The first period(1770-1774): The costume in this period of Dauphin of France is described as vivid, and simple like her characters, and also represents her active lifestyle. The ideology of equality between the two sexes from the enlightenment slightly influence the costumes seen inside the portrait of Dauphin. The second period (1775-1779): This is the early period of the Queen's enthronement and also before her childbirth. The relatively small number of portraits showed her as an authoritative figure because her skirts were expanded with huge panier, the waist were tightened with corset, and her headdress was enlarged. Thus, this period could not be defined as the one of enlightenment philosophies in light of the persistent unsanitary construction of costumes distorting the body. The third period(1780-1789): There are many portraits depicting the Queen and her children. It is noteworthy that the English style picturesque garden was illustrated as a background while the costume was simple and sanitary, both being affected by the enlightenment. The last period(1789-1793): This is the period between the French revolution and the death of the Queen. The form of costumes was transformed into the neoclassic style, headdress was reduced in size, and was simplified as a result of complete change of costume for the enlightenment. This research is to be interpreted as a tool of study about the relationship of costume, society and ideological streams and also be a means of elucidating the contemporary times in view of the past ones.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2022

Objectives: In the epidemiology of communicable diseases, the term epidemic period, also referred to as "wave" is often used in the general and academic milieu. A wave refers to a natural pattern of increase in the number of sick individuals, a defined peak, and then a decline in the number of cases. It implies a pattern of peaks and valleys after a particular peak is taken. The idea of epidemic waves is a useful tool for predicting the course as well as helping to accurately describe an epidemic. However, in many domestic and foreign news as well as in various research results in Korea, most of the reports either had no standard, were inaccurate, had a questionable classification of the period of the epidemic, or the basis for classification of a given wave was not presented. Methods: The author reviewed and organized related literature with epidemic wave. The author made several suggestions of an epidemic wave as follows. Results: To start with, it should be based on the number of incident cases in consideration of the size of the outbreak, then the period from the bottom to the peak and then reaching the next bottom; also, the period over a certain scale based on the number of incident cases; and the period according to the change in the major infection type (mutation-dominant species). In addition, according to the period of change in the vaccination rate (formation of herd immunity), as well as the content and duration of the intervention, that is, classification according to the applied quarantine stage. Furthermore, the classification of epidemic periods by the time-dependent reproduction number or time-varying reproduction number (Rt), and lastly the application of mathematical methodology. Conclusions: Therefore, classifying the epidemic period into generally known and accepted time frames is considered to be a very important task for future research analysis and development of intervention strategies.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2022

This study is to investigate that population change as a result of the decline in population has a correlation with a decrease in crime, with the change in the demographic composition by comparing with two models: model with growth in population and one with the decline in population. We collected demographic data for all cities in Korea from the 2010 Census to 2020 offered by the Korean Statistical Information Service, with crime data comprising serious reported crime events from the Korean Nation Police Agency through requesting data related to the total number of crimes at the same as the period of demographic data. This study can identify the impacts of demographic changes as a result of population change on crime change through a comparative analysis between areas with population growth and ones with population decline. We can confirm that there are differences in determinants of crime between areas with population increase and one with population decrease from the analysis of the impact of demographic change as a result of population change on crime change.

• 한국음향학회지
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.419-426
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• 2012

보코더 에서 의 피치 분석 과정은 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 먼저 신호의 주기성을 강조한 후 피치를 검색하는 방법을 주로 사용한다. 프레임 내에서 두 개의 펄스 간격을 변화시켜가며 신호와의 상관관계를 구하는 것으로 상관관계 값이 가장 높을 때가 주기가 가장 두드러지는 반복 구간이므로 이때 의 펄스 간격을 피치 주기로 찾는다. 그러나 찾아진 주기가 반주기, 배주기 및 세배주기인 경우에는 이 간격을 피치 주기라 할 수 없어 이를 해결하기 위한 여러 가지방법들이 제안되어있다. 또한 프레임 내에서의 신호의 진폭이 일정하지 않고 갑자기 변하는 구간이 있는 경우 정확하지 않는 피치가 얻어진다. 이를 해결하기 위해 프레임을 여러 개의 서브프레임으로 다시 나누어 피치를 검색하는 방법을 사용하고 있는데 이 방법은 피치를 정확하게 검색할 수 있지만 계산 량이 많아진다. 본 논문에서는 위에 제시한 두 가지 문제점을 개선하기 위한 알고리즘을 제안한다. 첫째 반주기, 배주기 및 세배주기를 줄이기 위해 피치를 검색하기 전에 프레임 내의 전체 에너지변화 비율을 추정하여 신호의 에너지 레벨을 미리 보상해 준 후 피치를 검색하는 방법을 제안한다. 둘째, 이렇게 구한 에너지 비율로 프레임 내의 진폭 변화율을 예측하여 서브프레임 수를 가변시키는 방법을 제안한다. 이 방법들을 적용하면 합성 음질에는 영향을 주지 않는 상태에서 피치검색 시간을 단축할 수 있고, 피치 검색의 정확도를 높일 수 있어 전반적인 피치 검색에 관한 성능 개선이 된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.851-864
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• 2015

This study analyzed the climate regime shift using statistical change-point analysis on the time-series tropical cyclone (TC) frequency that affected Japan in July to September. The result showed that there was a significant change in 1995 and since then, it showed a trend of rapidly decreasing frequency. To determine the reason for this, differences between 1995 to 2012 (9512) period and 1978 to 1994 (7894) period were analayzed. First, regarding TC genesis, TCs during the 9512 period showed a characteristic of genesis from the southeast quadrant of the tropical and subtropical western North Pacific and TCs during the 7894 period showed their genesis from the northwest quadrant. Regarding a TC track, TCs in the 7894 period had a strong trend of moving from the far east sea of the Philippines via the East China Sea to the mid-latitude region in East Asia while TCs in the 9512 period showed a trend of moving from the Philippines toward the southern part of China westward. Thus, TC intensity in the 7894 period, which can absorb sufficient energy from the sea as they moved a long distance over the sea, was stronger than that of 9512. Large-scale environments were analyzed to determine the cause of such difference in TC activity occurred between two periods. During the 9512 period, anomalous cold and dry anticyclones were developed strongly in the East Asia continent. As a result, Korea and Japan were affected by the anomalous northerlies thereby preventing TCs in this period from moving toward the mid-latitude region in East Asia. Instead, anomalous easterlies (anomalous trade wind) were developed in the tropical western Pacific so that a high passage frequency from the Philippine to the south China region along the anomalous steering flows was revealed. The characteristics of the anomalous cold and dry anticyclone developed in the East Asia continent were also confirmed by the analysis of air temperature, relative humidity and sensible heat net flux showing that most regions in East Asia had negative values.