• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the effects of Perilla frutescens var. acuta extracts on growth inhibition of Streptococcus pyogenes KCTC 3208. Methods : Measured growth inhibition of Streptococcus pyogenes KCTC 3208 by concentration of the Perilla frutescens var. acuta. extract and collection periods of the Perilla frutescens var. acuta. and picking region of the Perilla frutescens var. acuta. Results : The Perilla frutescens var. acuta. extract is effective on retarding growth of Streptococcus pyogenes KCTC 3208. At 3% the growth of Streptococcus pyogenes KCTC 3208 was suddenly retarded. The stem of Perilla frutescens var. acuta. extract in a sunny place on June is more effective then its leaf. Conclusions : These results suggest that Perilla frutescens var. acuta. extract is effective in growth inhibition of Streptococcus pyogenes KCTC 3208.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.328-333
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• 1995

Leaf quality and fatty acid compositions of collected perilla related genus and species germplasms such as Perilla frutescens var. japonica Hara, Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo, Perilla frutescens var. crispa Decaisne, Perilla frutescens var. for viridis Makino, Mosla punctulata Nakai, Mosla japonica Maxim, Mosla dianthera Maxim were analysized. The number of leaves per tiller and leaf size of perilla germplasms were more and bigger than those of mosla germplasms. Aroma degree of mosla germplasms was higher than aroma degree of perilla germplasms. Mosla germplasms could be utilized in the breeding for high aroma perilla lines. Otherwise, the softness of perilla germplasms was higher than that of mosla germplasms. In case of oil and protein contents, perilla germplasms was higher than mosla germplasms, however compositions ratio of fatty acid, especially linolenic acid of mosla germplasms was higher than that of perilla germplasms, therefore mosla germplasms could be utilized as breeding materials with high linolenic acid for industrial oil. The linolenic acid with excellent quality and unsaturated fatty acid showed negative correlation with oil content, protein content and saturated fatty acids.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 2012

This study was designed to investigate the inhibitory effects of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. frutescens extract on the production of inflammation-related mediators (NO, ROS, NF-${\kappa}B$, iNOS and COX-2) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Perilla frutescents (L.) Britton var. frutescens was air-dried and extracted with ethanol. The extract dose-dependently decreased the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and dose-dependently increased antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in lipopolysaccharide stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Also, Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. frutescens extract suppressed NO production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-${\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$ and IL-6), NF-${\kappa}B$, iNOS and COX-2 were inhibited by the treatment with the extract. Thus, this study shows the Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton var. frutescens extract could be useful for inhibition of the inflammatory process.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.168-177
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• 2021

The effects of the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture on the activities of osteoblast differentiation and the restraint of osteoclast formation were investigated. the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture in the human osteoblast "MG-63" cell, was examined in relation to alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red stains. In order to observe the effects of osteoclasts formation, we analyzed RAW 264.7 cell tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and TRAP stains. In cytotoxicity testing, it was confirmed that apple extract is safe at a concentration of 50 ㎍/㎖ or less. The ALP activity and Bone calcification formation ability were the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture had a lower activity than that of control group. However the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture significantly reduced activity of TRAP in the RAW 264.7 osteoclastic cell generation and effectively Inhibited the TRAP(+) multinuclear cells. Thus, our results demonstrate that the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture enhances the inhibitory activity of bone-resorption in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, the Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi mixture seem to be effective in the prevention and treatment of bone related disorders.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.314-318
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to analyze the essential oils from different parts of Perilla frutescens spp. And to know change of the oil content by a diffenent leaf picking time. The analysis of the essential oils was done with gas chromatography(GC),and the results are as follows. Perilla frutescens spp. contained essential oils mostly in their leaves and stems, although their roots also contained the oils. It was suggested that the optimum leaf-picking time of perilla frutescens var. viridis Mak. on the basis of total essential oils was their flowering period around Aug. 24, and that of Perilla frutescens var. for acuta Kudo was Sep. 14. On the basis of perillaldegyde the optium leaf-picking time of Perilla frutescens var. viridis Mak. and Perilla frutescens var. acuta Kudo was Aug. 24. and Aug. 4. respectively.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2021

This study investigated the proper dyeing conditions, fastness and functionality of cotton fabrics dyed with Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract. Repeat dyeing, combination dyeing of persimmon juice and fermentation dyeing were conducted as dyeing conditions. It was confirmed that the ΔE and the K/S value of cotton fabrics dyed with Perilla frutescens var. acuta extracts depending on repeat dyeing and combination dyeing slightly increased. Furthermore, the fastness to washing of persimmon combination dyeing and fermentation dyeing was very good. The fastness to rubbing was shown to be above grade 4 in all methods, and the fastness to light was not as good as grade 3 or lower. The persimmon juice dyeing, Perilla frutescens var. acuta extract repeat dyeing 4 times and combination fermentation dyeing showed very good antimicrobial abilities. Thereafter, additional studies are needed to improve the fastness to light and alternatives to further improve the dyeing properties.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.368-377
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• 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidzumi complex extract(Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract) on the mediators related to degenerative arthritis in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced rat model of degenerative arthritis. Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract was administered orally at doses of 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks before direct injection of monosodium iodoacetate (3 mg/50 µl of 0.9% saline) into the intra-articular space of the rats' right knees. The rats subsequently received the same doses of oral Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract for another 4 weeks. It was evaluated that the treatment effects based on serum bio-markers, and morphological and histopathological analysis of the knee joints. Compared with those in negative control rats, the Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract treatments significantly reduced the serum levels of inflammation, bone metabolism markers (i.e., TNF-α, MMP-3, COX-2, PGE₂, COMP, and Aggrecan). Otherwise, it was significantly increased the production of CTX-2 in cartilage absorption mediators. In addition, the Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract treatments effectively preserved the knee cartilage and synovial membrane. As a result, it indicates that the Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex extract improved degenerative arthritis symptoms. Thus, the Perilla frutescens var. crispa complex can be used in food material for the management of degenerative arthritis.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.231-238
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• 2013

Perilla frutescens, which comprises var. frutescens and var. crispa, has been cultivated traditionally in Asian countries as an edible oil, leaf vegetable, and medicinal crop. To evaluate the lipophilic phytonutrient properties of P. frutescens, we selected 54 Perilla accessions [19 landraces of var. frutescens (FL), 22 weedy type var. frutescens (FW), 9 weedy type var. crispa (CW), 2 cultivars of var. frutescens widely cultivated for seed oil (FCS), and 2 cultivars of var. frutescens cultivated as a leaf vegetable (FCL)] and analyzed their seeds and leaves for vitamin E, squalene, and phytosterols. Among the four vitamin E isomers analyzed, ${\gamma}$-tocopherol was the major form of vitamin E in seeds, whereas ${\alpha}$-tocopherol was the major form in leaves of all types of P. frutescens. The highest total vitamin E content in seeds was present in FL ($170.0mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), whereas that in leaves was highest in FCL ($358.1mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$). The highest levels of squalene in seeds and leaves were in FL ($65.5mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$) and CW ($719.3mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$), respectively. Among the three phytosterols, ${\beta}$-sitosterol occurred in the highest amount in both leaves and seeds of all of the crop types. Phytonutrient contents were comparatively higher in leaves than in seeds of all crop types. All of these results suggest that the consumption of leaves and seeds of Perilla crops could be beneficial to human health, as Perilla possesses considerable amounts of various lipophilic compounds.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

Objectives : This study presents a high performance liquid chromatography methods for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of rosmarinic acid (RA) and caffeic acid (CA) in Perilla frutescens var. japonica and var. acuta. Methods : Chromatographic separation was performed using a mixture of methanol, water and formic acid (35 : 64.2 : 0.8) with a reversed-phase column (Gemini C18, 4.6 ${\times}$ 150 mm, 3 ${\mu}m$). The analyses were detected at UV (280 nm). Results : The samples were extracted with 50% EtOH under reflux for 1 h, and simultaneous determination for RA and CA in hyang-so-san and haeng-so-san was possible without interference peaks Conclusions : According the results, we developed a determination method for RA and CA in Perillae Folium. Owing to Perilla frutescens var. japonica and var. acuta did not show significant difference in contents of RA and CA, both Perilla frutescens could be available as herbal medicine.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.830-838
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• 2020

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa on bone metabolism and the inflammatory response in a monosodium iodoacetateinduced rat model of osteoarthritis. radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa was administered orally at doses of 25, 50 or 100 mg/kg/day for 2 weeks before direct injection of monosodium iodoacetate (3 mg/50 μl of 0.9% saline) into the intra-articular space of the rats' right knees. The rats subsequently received the same doses of oral radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa for another 4 weeks. It was evaluated that the treatment effects based on serum biomarkers, and morphological and histopathological analysis of the knee joints. Compared with those in control rats, the radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa treatments significantly reduced the serum levels of inflammation, bone metabolism markers (i.e., COX-2, LTB4, MMP-3, and COMP), and the amount of fibrous tissue. Otherwise, it was significantly increased the concentration of TIMP-1 and calcitonin. In addition, the radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa treatments effectively preserved the knee cartilage and synovial membrane. As a result, it indicates that radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa prevented and alleviated osteoarthritis symptoms. Thus, radiation mutant Perilla frutescens var. crispa can be used in food and drug material for the management of osteoarthritis.