• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8591-8594
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• 2014

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer in males worldwide. The principal mode of treatment in the early stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgery. However, five-year survival is only about 15% for all stages. The aim is to investigate the effect of daily low dose cisplatin concurrently with radiation therapy in advanced NSCLC patients with poor performance status. Materials and Methods: Ten patients diagnosed as inoperable Stage IIIB NSCLC with comorbid disease were assessed retrospectively in Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, between 2011 to 2013. ECOG performance status was between 3 and 4. Cisplatin was administered at $6mg/m^2$ daily, for 5 days a week concurrently with radiotherapy using 160-200 cGy daily fractions, 54 Gy being the lowest and 63 Gy being the highest dose. Results: Complete response at the primary tumour site was obtained in 20% patients. Grade I esophagitis was seen 70 percent of patients, and the grade II haematological toxicity rate was 20 %. Median survival time was 7 months. Conclusions: Median survival time was reasonable, despite the patients ECOG performance status of 3-4, which is similar to groups even without comorbid disorders in comparison to other published papers in the literature. Acceptable toxicity, high response rates and quality of life of patients are the other favourable features.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.625-642
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to develop and verify the feedback-enhanced performance assessment model through a variety of assessment strategies focused on the development of students. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, we analyzed the achievements of the sixth grade curriculum standards and set the central achievement standards in core competencies. We then established an evaluation plan to take advantage of a variety of methods and develop an assessment tool for process-based evaluation during lessons. We applied this assessment model to 6th grade students while teaching and learning mathematics in the classroom. The result of applying the performance evaluation model showed the improvement of students' reflective thinking ability. Also, some students who was not achieved at the level of 'N' could develop to the level of 'N + 1'. A long term research using various assessment strategies should be continued for effective help of students' mathematical development.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.181-191
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the management performance of the companies in the auto parts production requirements of new management techniques ISO9001 quality management system requirements for management innovation perspective in convergence age. For this purpose, we conducted a survey visiting the auto parts manufacturers. The results were as follows. First, among the details of the four key requirements of the ISO 9001 quality management systems in small and medium component suppliers, managers and responsible resource management showed a positive impact on business performance. In addition, based on the results of the investigation of the differences by grade, the higher rank group executive responsibilities, sub-grade group showed a low awareness of the quality management according to ISO 9001. This will contribute to establishing the guidelines and Improvement Consulting Strategies to improve productivity in small and medium automotive rubber bellows automotive parts production.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1995

Purpose : To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy for the low-grade astrocy-tomas and confirm the variables influencing treatment results. Materials and Methods : Forty-six patients with low-grade astrocytoma received radiotherapy after surgical removal (36 patients) or biopsy (10 patients) from 1979 to 1990. Twenty patients had grade I histology and 26 had grade II. External radiotherapy was done by conventional schedule with the total dose of 45 to 60 Gy (median: 54 Gy). The median follow-up period was 5 years. Results : The 2- and 5-year survival rates were $80\%$ and $72\%$, respectively and the 2- and 5-year progression-free survival was $75\%$ and $63\%$, respectively. The survival was influenced significantly by the histologic grade, the histologic type, and performance status. Major complication was not found. Conclusion: In spite of good survival, the local failure was still the major problem. Age and the extent of surgery as well as three favorable factors should be considered in the future treatments.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.203-214
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• 2020

Purpose: This study investigated customers' perception of a hygiene grade certification system for restaurants and this study also determined way to promote the application of the hygiene grade certification. Methods: A total of 315 customer responses were used for the data analysis. Statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS program (ver. 23.0) for frequency analysis, χ²-tests, t-tests, analysis of variance, and Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA). Results: The composition of the respondents was 43.8% males and 56.2% females. The 73.3% lived with their families while 26.7% lived alone. Among those surveyed, 84.5% dine out at least once a week and 66.8% dine out during weekends evening. In addition, the most preferred types of restaurants were Korean restaurants (37.5%), delivery restaurants (14.6%), and Western restaurants (8.9%). Information about restaurant was most frequently obtained through Internet searches (54.0%). The average expenditure of eating-out per person was 15,483 Korean won, and the overall satisfaction averaged 3.58 out of 5 points. According to the results of IPA, the restaurant selection attributes that were priorities for improvement were the foods' taste and restroom cleanliness. In addition, 30.5% of respondents recognized the hygiene grade certification system for restaurants. The intention of dining at restaurants with a hygiene grade certification in the future was on average 4.02 out of 5 points. A total of 56.8% of respondents were willing to pay more for a restaurant with a hygiene grade certification. The average percentage of additional price was 6.02%. Conclusion: In order to apply and quickly disseminate the hygiene grade certification system all over the Korea, the study results suggest that relevant policy should be provided by the Korean government for certified restaurants along with the relevant education and promotion of the system to customers.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.4274-4281
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• 2023

Blanket is of vital importance for engineering application of the fusion reactor. Nuclear heat deposition in materials is the main heat source in blanket structure. In this paper, the three-dimensional method for thermal-hydraulics/neutronics coupling analysis is developed and applied for the full-scale module of the helium-cooled ceramic breeder tritium breeding blanket (HCCB TBB) designed for China Fusion Engineering Test Reactor (CFETR). The explicit coupling scheme is used to support data transfer for coupling analysis based on cell-to-cell mapping method. The coupling algorithm is realized by the user-defined function compiled in Fluent. The three-dimensional model is established, and then the coupling analysis is performed using the paralleled Coupling Analysis of Thermal-hydraulics and Neutronics Interface Code (CATNIC). The results reveal the relatively small influence of the coupling analysis compared to the traditional method using the radial fitting function of internal heat source. However, the coupling analysis method is quite important considering the nonuniform distribution of the neutron wall loading (NWL) along the poloidal direction. Finally, the structure optimization of the blanket is carried out using the coupling method to satisfy the thermal requirement of all materials. The nonlinear effect between thermal-hydraulics and neutronics is found during the blanket structure optimization, and the tritium production performance is slightly reduced after optimization. Such an adverse effect should be thoroughly evaluated in the future work.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.171-180
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• 1992

The precise role of radiotherapy for low grade gliomas including the optimal radiation dose and timing of treatment remains unclear. The information given by a retrosepctive analysis may be useful in the design of prospective randomized studies looking at radiation dose and time of surgical and radiotherapeutic treatment. The records of 56 patients (M:F = 29:27) with histologically verified cerebral low grade gliomas (47 cases of grade 1 or 2 astrocytomas and 9 oligodendrogliomas) diagnosed between 1979 and 1989 were retrospectively reviewed. The extent of surgical tumor removal was gross total or radical subtotal in 38 patients ($68\%$) and partial or biopsy only in the remaining 18 patients ($32\%$). Postooperative radiation therapy was given to 36 patients ($64\%$) of the total 56 patients with minimum dose of 5000 cGy (range=1250 to 7220 cGy). The 5-and 10-year survival rates for the total 56 patients were $44\%$ and $32\%$ respectively with a median survival of 4.1 years. According to the histologic grade the 5- and 10-year survivals were $52\%$ and $35\%$ for the 24 patients respectively with grade I astrocytomas compared to $20\%$ and $10\%$ for the 23 patients with grade II astrocytomas. Survival of oligodendroglioma patients was greater than those with astrocytoma ($65\%$ vs $36\%$ at 5 years), and the difference was also remarkable in the long term period of follow up ($54\%$ vs $23\%$ at 10 years). Those who received high-dose radiation therapy ($\geq$5400 cGy) had significant better survival than those who received low-dose radiation (< 5400cGy) or surgery alone (p<0.05). The 5- and 10-year survival rates were, respectively $59\%$ and $46\%$ for the 23 patients receiving high-dose radiation, $36\%$ and $24\%$ for the 13 patients receiving low-dose radiation, and $35\%$ and $26\%$ for the 20 patients with surgery alone. Survival rates by the extent of surgical resection were similar at 5 years ($46\%$ vs $41\%$), but long term survival was quite different (p<0.01) between total/subtotal resection and partial resection/biopsy ($41\%$ and $12\%$, resepctively). Previously published studies have identified important prognostic factors in these tumor: age, extent of surgery, grade, performance status, and duration of symptoms. But in our cases statistical analysis revealed that grade I histology (p<0.025) and young age (p<0.001) were the most significant good prognostic variables.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.943-946
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• 2013

Instead of the extended Kalman filter, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) has been used in nonlinear systems without initial accurate state estimates over the last decade because the UKF is robust against large initial estimation errors. However, in a multirate integrated system, such as an inertial navigation system (INS)/Global Positioning System (GPS) integrated navigation system, it is difficult to implement a UKF-based navigation algorithm in a low-grade or mid-grade microcontroller, owing to a large computational burden. To overcome this problem, this letter proposes a modified UKF that has a reduced computational burden based on the basic idea that the change of probability distribution for the state variables between measurement updates is small in a multirate INS/GPS integrated navigation filter. The performance of the modified UKF is verified through numerical simulations.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.301-319
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• 2008

This study investigated the effectiveness of reading intervention on at-risk readers from first through third grade. The 34 children below the 20th percentile on an oral reading fluency test participated in the reading intervention program for 15 weeks. They received small group instruction in one 40-minute session per week. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, paired t-test and effect size for individual cases. Upon completion of the intervention, at-risk first graders showed significantly higher performance in print concept, word recognition, oral reading fluency and reading comprehension. The at-risk second and third graders improved only in oral reading fluency. Most of children who received the intervention demonstrated a large effect in oral reading fluency.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.278-282
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• 2003

This paper presents TPS(Train Performance Simulation) which identified the condition of train operationing in short time. Using the program, the location of train, maximum current, metering power and regenerating of train, could be identified. This is an important part for Power Simulation. It is supposed that the grade, the curve, the limit speed and the current speed be constant within the time step in the conventional papers. In addition, the errors of the grade and the curve in each station interval are neglected. This paper will introduce improvement method the problem of TPS.