• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.873-879
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• 2005

Impact and process evaluations were performed in order to verify the effectiveness of a public health nutrition program developed for child-bearing aged women in Korea. Participants included 58 high school girls who were divided into two groups. Each group received four 50 - 60 minute nutrition education lectures regarding healthy eating, osteoporosis, constipation and nutrition labeling in every two weeks. Each session took 50- 60 minutes. Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a significant increase of degree of perception (p = 0.0004) , but no change in degree of accuracy after implementation (p = 0.9522) . Nutrition education was also effective in attitude change, showing more participants were ready to change their eating behaviors in terms of meal regularity (p = 0.0455) and less processed food intake (p =0.0143) . After implementing nutrition education, effective behavioral changes were observed in milk consumption (p =0.0037) and meal regularity (p = 0.0882) as well as daily activity such as stair use (p = 0.0701) . However, nutrition education had no effect on body mass index and perceived health status. In process evaluation conducted by a 9 item questionnaire, grand mean score was $4.17 \pm$0.72 out of 5. Proportion of items with scores higher than 4 ranged $68-91\%$. These results suggest that the nutrition education program used in this study was effective and useful. For a wider use of this program, more research was recommend for a strategy development of program diffuse. (Korean J Nutrition 38(10): 873$\sim$879,2005)

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2019

Based on the electricity sales and public consumption psychology during the online shopping festival, the purpose of this study is to investigate the factors that influence the reusing intention of the online shopping festival consumers. This research is focusing on The Theory of Reasoned Action(TRA) and The Technology Acceptance Model(TAM) to understand online shopping festival consumers' decision making process. The sampling is Chinese from 20s to 50s, who had participated in the online shopping festival.Findings suggests that first, the positive attitude of online shopping festival and subjective norms showed positive effects on online shopping festival consumers' reusing intention. Second, perceived usefulness, perceived ease and perceived enjoyment had statistically significant effects on online shopping festival consumers' reusing intention. Third, according to perceived risk perception of online shopping festivals, there were differences in factors affected the online shopping festival's reusing intention. In particular, the perceived ease of people who perceived risk higher, and the perceived usefulness of people who perceived risk lower had greatest impacts on reusing intention. Based on these findings, the implications and limitations of this study were discussed and suggestions for subsequent studies.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.132-149
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• 2023

This study aims to analyze Instagram hashtags based on big data to investigate changes in consumer trends and perceptions of vegan fashion, and to derive strategies for revitalizing vegan fashion brands based on derived results. Among social media, Instagram was selected as a collection channel, and Instagram hashtags for 'Vegan Fashion' were collected from July 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021. After conducting semantic network analysis with the Ucinet 6 program based on the collected data, the CONCOR analysis on vegan fashion showed the following four clusters: 'Veganism practiced with fashion', 'Bag type of vegan fashion brand', 'Sharing vegan fashion', and 'Diversification of eco-friendly products'. Analysis results showed that the Instagram hashtag for vegan fashion confirmed the MZ generation's increased interest in vegan fashion and their thoughts to recommend and share frequently used items or brand products to people around them. CONCOR analysis of vegan fashion brands showed the following four groups: 'Differentiating the material of vegan bags', 'Eco-friendly products of vegan fashion brands', 'Interest in vegan shoes', and 'Donation campaign of vegan fashion brands'. CONCOR analysis on Meaningout showed the following four clusters: 'MZ Generation's Meaningout Start-up', 'Recommendation Platform for Skin Products', 'Value Consumption Trend for Eco-friendly Clothing', and 'Interest in Eco-friendly Packaging'. The results of this study on vegan fashion, a practical eco-friendly movement that can require changes in social responsibility and perception as issues that directly affect animals, the environment, and humans, are expected to provide basic data to help domestic vegan fashion brands develop marketing strategies.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.147-154
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the general characteristics of adolescents and their mental health in relation to experiences of heavy drinking. The research utilized raw data from the 18th Youth Health Behavior Online Survey (2022), focusing on 530 participants who reported experiencing heavy drinking in the past 30 days. The study applied weighted composite sample analysis, incorporating frequency, chi-square test, and logistic regression to examine the data. According to the research findings, experiences of heavy drinking showed statistically significant differences across variables such as gender, academic achievement, economic status, sexual experience, and smoking. Additionally, among the mental health characteristics, stress perception, depression, loneliness, suicidal thoughts, suicide planning, and suicide attempts were identified as influencing factors on heavy drinking experiences. These results underscore the need for prevention programs addressing alcohol consumption habits, considering the mental and physical health of adolescents. Developing programs that take into account the relationship between mental health and drinking habits can contribute to forming healthy lifestyle habits during adolescence.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.862-872
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• 2020

This study explores the effects of facemasks on respiratory, thermoregulatory, cardiovascular responses during exercise on a treadmill and at rest. Five male subjects (25.8 ± 0.8 y, 171.8 ± 9.2 cm in height, 79.8 ± 28.1 kg in weight) participated in the following five experimental conditions: no mask, KF80, KF94, KF99, and N95. Inhalation resistance was ranked as KF80 < KF94 < N95 < KF99 and dead space inside a mask was ranked as KF80 = KF94 < N95 < KF99. The surface area covered by a mask was on average 1.1% of the total body surface area. The results showed no significant differences in body core temperature, oxygen consumption (VO2), carbon dioxide production (VCO2), heart rate or subjective perception among the five experimental conditions; however, cheek temperature, respiratory ventilation and blood pressure were greater for KF80 or KF94 conditions when compared to KF99 or N95 conditions (p<0.05). The differences among mask conditions are attributed to the dead space or specific designs (cup type vs pleats type) rather than the filtration level. In addition, the results suggest that improving mask design can help mitigate respiratory resistance from increased filtration.

• Survey Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.61-87
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• 2012

This research is a part of a fundamental research to form the topographic map of the South Korean society's cultural capital, based on large scale research data. Its purpose is to suggest suitable questions for today's Korean society as well as to compare with previous data accumulated from other nations. For this, this research is to establish theoretical background through critical study on the extensive literature on domestic and foreign cultural capital and collect measures, questionnaires, and data used in important literature and surveys. Based on this, the major domains and levels that should be dealt in the questionnaire were chosen, literature review was conducted for each field; experts were investigated in order to develop questions more suitable for the Korean society considering each domain and level, and qualitative research on the subjects were conducted. This research as seen through the above processes, music genres and culture activities were chosen as major domains, "high/popular" level and "consumption/production" level were chosen as items, and specific items were composed considering Korea's distinct characteristics. Each of these items combine and complement the three aspects of measuring cultural capital(preference, participation, perception), which have been used incoherently in previous researches in measuring the level of possession in cultural capital. This led to developing questions such as the level of liking each item(preference), the level of participating in each item(participation), the level of luxuriousness in each item(perception), and the level of stylishness in each item(perception). This research holds significance in that it critically examines the vast amount of questionnaires used in the past for cultural capital research, provides a large framework to find Korean cultural capital by adding items considering Korea's distinct characteristics, and provides groundwork to fill in the non-Western gap in the discussion of cultural capital, which has been based on the West.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.81-90
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• 2009

This study was carried out to investigate consumer's preference and purchase behavior of pork including perception of brand-pork in Korea. A total of 504 respondents were surveyed and collected from December, 2007 to February, 2008. Among total respondents, 62.55% (n=314) responded that they liked the pork and respondents who were higher education level showed higher preference (p<0.05). Majority of consumers (61.16%) did not like imported pork. In addition, one who had lower education level and living in rural area disliked more the imported pork. Most consumers preferred to the belly (58.57%) and results indicated that the people who were higher education level preferred a discount mart but who were living in rural area preferred a butcher's shop. Among the purchasing area, a big discount mart was the most preferred (44.64%) and this was also different among the education level (p<0.001) and living areas (p<0.05). The consumers preferred to purchasing a 600 g pack for a single purchase. Among total respondents, 42.71% of consumers responded that their priority was reliability of meat quality on choosing the place for purchasing the pork, and the significant difference was highly found in living area groups (p<0.001). The perception of carcass grading system was common scores with the average of 2.79, and there was highly significant difference among education level groups (p<0.001). The average of 3.50 among 5 points for branded pork were evaluated by a total of consumers but the significant differences were not found in all three groups.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.926-933
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to evaluate vegetable intakes according to body mass index (BMI) of adolescents. For this, 400 middle and high school adolescents living in Buyeogun, Chungnam were classified into underweight group, healthy weight group, and overweight group according to BMI, after which eating habits, daily intake levels of vegetables, perception of vegetables, and vegetable-related eating habits were compared and analyzed. As the reason for skipping breakfast, 'Lack of time (44.3%)' was the most frequently cited. In the case of unbalanced food intakes, the underweight group and overweight group showed the highest response for 'grain' while the healthy weight group showed the highest response for 'vegetables' with significant differences (P<0.001). Daily intakes of one serving size of vegetables was 3.3 in the underweight group, 3.8 servings in the healthy weight group, and 3.8 servings in the overweight group, but there was no significant difference. However, frequency of vegetable intake at lunch was once in the underweight group, which was significantly lower than 1.3 servings in the healthy weight group and 1.4 servings in the overweight group (P<0.05). Regarding perception of vegetables, perception of 'Vegetable consumption helps to get beautiful skin' (P<0.01) and 'I eat vegetables or don't eat depending on a cooking method' (P<0.05) were significantly higher in the underweight group. In the evaluation of vegetables-related eating habits, preference for vegetables in the underweight group was lower than that in the healthy weight and overweight groups (P<0.05). Summarizing the above results, vegetable intake by adolescents was generally low, and the frequency of vegetable intake at lunch as well as preference for vegetables were significantly lower in the underweight group. Studies to identify the relationships between adolescent body types and vegetable intakes are required.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.325-344
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• 2014

Technical support of Window XP ended in March, 8, 2014, and it makes OS(Operating System) users fall in a state of confusion. Sudden decision making of OS upgrade and replacement is not a simple problem. Firms need to change the long term capacity plan in enterprise IS management, but they are pressed for time and cost to complete it. Individuals can not help selecting the second best plan, because the following OSs of Window XP are below expectations in performances, new PC sales as the opportunities of OS upgrade decrease, and the potential risk of OS technical support ending had not announced to OS users at the point of purchase. Microsoft as the OS vendors had not presented precaution or remedy for this confusion. Rather, Microsoft announced that the technical support of the other following OSs of Wndow XP such as Window 7 would ended in two years. This conflict between OS vendor and OS users could not happen in one time, but could recur in recent future. Although studies on the ways of OS user protection policy would be needed to escape from this conflict, few prior studies had conducted this issue. This study had challenge to cautiously investigate in such OS user's reactions as the confirmation with OS user's expectation in the point of purchase, three types of justice perception on the treatment of OS vendor, psychological contract violation, satisfaction and the other betrayal behavioral intention in the case of Window XP technical support ending. By adopting the justice perception on this research, and by empirically validating the impact on OS user's reactions, I could suggest the direction of establishing OS user protection policy of OS vendor. Based on the expectation-confirmation theory, the theory of justice, literatures about psychological contract violation, and studies about consumer betrayal behaviors in the perspective of Herzberg(1968)'s dual factor theory, I developed the research model and hypothesis. Expectation-confirmation theory explain that consumers had expectation on the performance of product in the point of sale, and they could satisfied with their purchase behaviors, when the expectation could have confirmed in the point of consumption. The theory of justice in social exchange argues that treatee could be willing to accept the treatment by treater when the three types of justice as distributive, procedural, and interactional justice could be established in treatment. Literatures about psychological contract violation in human behaviors explains that contracter in a side could have the implied contract (also called 'psychological contract') which the contracter in the other side would sincerely execute the contract, and that they are willing to do vengeance behaviors when their contract had unfairly been broken. When the psychological contract of consumers had been broken, consumers feel distrust with the vendors and are willing to decrease such beneficial attitude and behavior as satisfaction, loyalty and repurchase intention. At the same time, consumers feel betrayal and are willing to increase such retributive attitude and behavior as negative word-of-mouth, complain to the vendors, complain to the third parties for consumer protection. We conducted a scenario survey in order to validate our research model at March, 2013, when is the point of news released firstly and when is the point of one year before the acture Window XP technical support ending. We collected the valid data from 238 voluntary participants who are the OS users but had not yet exposed the news of Window OSs technical support ending schedule. The subject had been allocated into two groups and one of two groups had been exposed this news. The data had been analyzed by the MANOVA and PLS. MANOVA results indicate that the OSs technical support ending could significantly decrease all three types of justice perception. PLS results indicated that it could significantly increase psychological contract violation and that this increased psychological contract violation could significantly reduce the trust and increase the perceived betrayal. Then, it could significantly reduce satisfaction, loyalty, and repurchase intention, and it also could significantly increase negative word-of-month intention, complain to the vendor intention, and complain to the third party intention. All hypothesis had been significantly approved. Consequently, OS users feel that the OSs technical support ending is not natural value added service ending, but the violation of the core OS purchase contract, that it could be the posteriori prohibition of OS user's OS usage right, and that it could induce the psychological contract violation of OS users. This study would contributions to introduce the psychological contract violation of the OS users from the OSs technical support ending in IS field, to introduce three types of justice as the antecedents of psychological contract violation, and to empirically validate the impact of psychological contract violation both on the beneficial and retributive behavioral intentions of OS users. For practice, the results of this study could contribute to make more comprehensive OS user protection policy and consumer relationship management practices of OS vendor.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.417-426
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• 2018

Food preservatives are very important food additives for the biological and chemical safety of processed foods. The purposes of this study were to investigate Korean consumer's perception and information needs on food preservatives, to develop an educational booklet as a risk communication material on food preservatives, and to assess the educational effect of the developed booklet. To understand perception on food preservatives, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted by 381 parents having elementary school students at Seoul and Geoynggi area in Korea. Based on the survey results, brain storming of the authors along with consultation from the professionals, we developed a risk communication booklet about food preservatives. It was exposed to 35 parents of elementary school children, and their evaluation was collected by using a questionnaire and analyzed statistically. Respondents considered food safety (44.8%) as the most important factor while purchasing processed foods. They still perceived food additives as the most hazardous one (41.5%), and among those, food preservatives were the most concerned (45.9%). Total 67.7% of the respondents considered the consumption of food preservatives as hazardous or very hazardous. However, 90.6% of respondents did not have any educational experience about food additives and food preservatives. Based on their information needs, a science-based booklet consisting of the definition, classification, safety, intake, and management of food preservatives was developed. When the booklet titled as 'Food preservatives, Just Know Them!' was exposed to the parents via elementary school teacher, their negative perceptions on food additives and food preservatives were changed positively by increasing the understanding level on preservatives from 18.9% to 90.9% and obtaining 72.7% positive answers on their safety. Therefore, it could be used as an effective risk communication material on food preservatives.