• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.224-239
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• 2000

This descriptive study was conducted to understand the contents and degree of parental stress level in the NICU patients, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program. Subjects were the 62 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 1 University Hospital in Taejon City from May 1st, 1999 to November 30th, 1999, who agreed to take part in this study. The instrument used in this study were Parental Stressor Scales : NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al. and validated by 3 NICU practitioners and 3 child health nursing faculties. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), communication with health team(11 items). The questionnaire asks parents to rate each item on a five-point Likert type scale that ranges from (1) to (5). Total scores representing overall stress from the NICU environment are calculated by summing response to each item. A high score indicates high stress. A subscale score is calculated by summing the responses to each item in the subscale. Cronbach's α coefficients were .93. The data was analyzed as average, Frequency, Standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study is summarized as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers was slightly high(3.6±.7). The highest scored dimension was 'appearance and behavior of the baby'(3.9±1.5), and next were 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'(3.5±1.4), 'communication with health team'(3.4±.9), 'sight and sounds of NICU'(3.2±.8). 2. Two variables were statistically significant with PSS:NICU total scale ; mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition (r=.482, P=.002) and mother's religious attendance(t=2.83, P=.01). The more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the total stress score. There were high stress score noted in the mother of no religious attendance. 3. Four variables were statistically significant with NICU environment subscale ; mother's educational background(F=3.45, P=.04), religious attendance(t=2.28, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.83, P=.01) and NICU patients' hospital day(r=.359, P=.004). That is mother with high educational background and girl baby were high NICU environment subscale score. 4. Four variables were statistically significant with appearance and behavior of the baby subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.52, P=.04), incubator care(t=2.83, P=.01), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.303, P=.017), number of NICU visit(r=.441, P=.002). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and recieved incubator care was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe and more NICU visit, the higher the appearance and behavior of the baby subscale stress score. 5. Four variables were statistically significant with relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale ; when first saw baby(F=3.37, P=.04), sex of the baby(t=2.36, P=.03), incubator care(t=5.60, P=.00), mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(r=.401, P=.001). That is, seeing the baby first in the NICU and girl baby was very stressful. Also, the more the mother perceive their baby's condition severe, the higher the relationship with their baby and parental role change subscale stress score. 6. Three variables were statistically significant with communication with health team subscale ; mother's educational background (F=3.63, P=.04), incubator care(t=4.24, P=.00), gestational age(r=-.394, P=.047), and birth weight(r=-.460, P=.004). That is, mother with high educational background and receiving incubator care were high communication with health team subscale score. Also, the shorter the gestational age and smaller the baby's birth weight, the higher the communication with health team subscale score. In conclusion, information about physical environment of NICU, the mother's perceived severity of baby's illness state, maternal role change related variables and the knowledge of characteristics of NICU patients must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of NICU patients in reducing the maternal stress and anxiety level.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.776-790
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• 2000

Every year the number of the elderly increases in Korea thanks to the improvemen of social and economical levels and the development of medicine. However, many problems such as insufficent care and the isolation of the elderly have been commonplace. This trend exists not only because of increased lifespan but also the changing social structure of the nuclear family. Accordingly, inspite of the development of medicine, geriatric diseases including circulatory diseases are increasing in proportion of elderly population, as well as the severity. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that health care programs provide the best possible health care and functional capacities in terms of healthy elderly lifestyles. Especially, the phenomena of aging and geriatric diseases taking place with the elderly naturally are affected by lifestyle and the drastic changes in exercise patterns. This study aims to improve geriatric health by introducing a rhythmic movement program for the elderly to estabilish a health-promoting self-care system and by developing quality of life, perceived health status, their physical and physiological functions and emotional state. The theoretical framework used in this dissertation is derived from the Health-Promoting Self-Care System Model (Simmons, 1990), which integrates the Self-Care Deficit Nursing Theory (Orem, 1985), the interaction model of Client Health Behavior (Cox, 1982) and the Health Promotion Model (Pender, 1987). As a quasi-experimental design, the nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design is utilized for this study. The subjects of this study consist of 64 people, over 65 years old who live in 2 nursing homes for the aged located in S city , Kyong-gi province and volunteered for this study from July, 12, 1999 to September, 17, 1999. They are divided into two groups：33 in the experimental group and 31 in the control group. The experimental group particpated in the Rhythmic Movement Program at the nursing home, which was comprised of 45 minutes a session, 5 sessions a week during 9 weeks. In order to measure the results of the Rhythmic Movement Program, aspects of perceived health status, balance, flexibility, grip strength, leg strength, heart rate, blood pressure, depression, anxiety and the quality of life were measured before and after participating in the Rhythimic Movement Program for the experimental group after 9 weeks, as well as the control group. The collected data were processed by SPSS PC+ and analyzed by the X2 test, t-test, ANCOVA and the Pearson Correlation Coefficient. The results of this study are as follows: 1. The perceived health status conditions in the experimental group show statistically significant improvement when compared to the control group (F=17.51, p=.000). 2. The physical and physiological functions, that is, balance (F=17.51, p=.000), flexibility (F=8.01, p=.006), grip strength (F=3.21, p=.018) and leg strength (F=25.78, p=.000) in the experimental group are higher than the control group. The vital signs, that is, the number of heart rate (F=.022, p=.884), systolic pressure (F=1.73 p=.193), and diastolic pressure (F=2.74, p=.103) in the experimental group compared to the control group decreased, but doesn't show statistically significant differences. Immune responses (F=5.13, p=.003) showed statistically significant increases in the experimental group when compared to the control group. 3. The emotional state are improved, that is, degree of depression (F=11.56, p=.001) and degree of anxiety (F=9.14, p=.004) in the experimental group showed statistically significant decreases. 4. The quality of life in the experimental group (F=3.03, p=.037) showed statistically significant differences compared to the control group. 5. The observations of the relationships among the perceived health status, emotional state , the quality of life, the relationships between the perceived health status, the degree of depression (r=-.653, p=.000) and the degree of anxiety (r=-.786, p=.000) were in contrary propotions, while the relationships between the perceived health status and the quality of life (r=.234, p=.008) were in direct propotion. In conclusion, the Rhythmic Movement Program used in this study for geriatric nursing care is simple and safe for application to the elderly and shows significant effects by implementing 5 sessions a week for 9 weeks. The Rhythmic Movement Program improves the quality of life, maintains as well as improves the physical and physiological fuctions and emotional state, therefore this program is strongly recommended for positive applications for independant geriatric nursing health care.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.200-205
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• 2005

Purpose: This descriptive study was designed to investigative BMI(body mass index) and health behaviors in college students. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 189 college women and 125 college men. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from April 1 to April 10, 2005. Data were analyzed by the SPSS /pc 10.0 statistical program using frequency, t-test, $x^2$-test. Result: College women perceived themselves as more obese than indicated their BMI, and the most effective weight control factor was their response to images of people presented in the media. In general college men present more salubrious behavior than college women. Conclusion: The results suggest that health care providers need to educate female students about heathy behavior as well as the normal weight in BMI.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.193-211
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• 2003

This study aims to illustrate students' and teachers' perceptions towards certification of English proficiency and proficiency- based curriculum, and to investigate their needs for developing college English program. A total of 597 students and 28 teachers participated in the survey. The findings showed that both groups acknowledged the usefulness of the certification of English proficiency and proficiency-based curriculum. However, both groups showed a negative response to 'waive test' (testing for the replacement of English required class). They also expressed high level of needs in increasing the number of courses and credit hours, reducing the class size, and improving facilities. Both groups perceived speaking and listening as more important skills, while students showed various preferences for effective language practice activities. The findings of this study suggest t hat the introduction of certification of English proficiency should he supplemented with follow-ups both in pedagogical aspect and on administrative level.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2017

This study has been performed to investigate the risk perceptions of employees in nuclear power plants. A representative sample of 473 employees was surveyed(about 79% response rate). The questionnaire included scales on both risk perceptions of critical five hazards that could be occurring in the nuclear power plants and two psychometric attitudes. Higher risk perceptions between managers and non-managers to five hazards used in this study were entirely obtained from the managers. It was also found that the perceived higher hazards were in the following order: radiation exposure, radioactive release, explosion, fire and radioactive waste. For the controllability, higher risk perceptions to the all factors were obtained from the managers, and higher ones were non-managers in the dread.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.387-388
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• 2008

Finding reasonable flexural modes from the full vehicle modal testing has always been a difficult job to N&V engineers due to FRF inconsistency, nonlinearity, heavy damping and, in many cases, interactions between global body structural modes and massive isolate/non-isolated subsystem modes. This paper provides a brier overview of the mode map validation using single-run FRF measurement with highly sensitive accelerometers fur the full vehicle modal analysis and then it can be used to characterize the vehicle's global/local vibration performances, especially customer perceived "structural feel" typically below 40Hz.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2005

A fire is occurring increasingly every you and the damage is bigger in proportion to the number. Therefore a fire is classified as a serious calamity. It is important to evacuate and fight a fire by early Perception. However, if the alarming sound is not perceived when a fire breaks out the damage could be expanded. From this point of view, this study aims to analyse the correlation between alarming sound sources and sound quality parameters through psycho-acoustic experiment using Korean vocabularies extracted by existing study. The sound sources more dangerous, tense and urgent were chosen. The results from this study are as follows: 1. airraid, klaxon2 and S.O.S got a point more than conventional alarming sound.2. correlation coefficient between Loudness(L) and Unbiased Annoyance(UA) was highest with 0.63 md Sharpness(S) and Roughness(R) was -0.40 and Fluctuation Strength(FL) and Tonality(T).

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회논문집 제23권 2호
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• pp.283-286
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• 2004

Due to advances in electronics very high quality audio reproduction is today possible. But the listening environment causes deviation of the audio system from the expected behavior. Firstly the listening Room significantly changes the audio signal frequencies and their phase. Secondly the position of the user in the room affects the perceived sound. With existing DSP technology it is possible to adequately correct these effects. In our work we developed a room correction system, correcting up to 7.1 channels using dual Motorola 56367 fixed point DSP's, implementing position dependent room effects measurement, real time compensation filter design and equalization filtering procedures.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표논문집 논문집
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• pp.39-44
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to extract emotional dimensions from Korean adjectives relating to apartment noise. Noise-related 296 Korean adjectives were extracted from a dictionary and three evaluators selected 96 adjectives from those by removing very similar ones in meaning. Two types of 96 7-point scales were conducted to college students for evaluation, whether each adjective describes apartment noise appropriately. From this evaluation, 28 adjectives having above 4.5 points were selected. Again, 8 different types of 7-point scales on 378 adjective pairs(28 x 27/2) were administrated to separate college students to evaluate the degree of similarity between 28 adjectives. Based upon this evaluation, 14 adjectives were finally selected and scores on similarity sere analyzed through two different statistical analyses (Multi-dimensional scale and Cluster analysis). The results showed that three dimensions (displeasure, sensitivity and perceived loudness) exist in peoples' emotional response state to apartment noise. The previous studies have treated annoyance and sensitivity as separate measures to noise. However, this study showed that these two factors were on the same emotional dimension labeled as 'sensitivity' In addition, new dimension, labeled as 'displeasure', was found.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.176-184
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• 2020

Purpose: We explored emergency nurses' experiences of coping with moral distress. Methods: A qualitative research design was used. We conducted in-depth interviews with 11 nurses working at a regional emergency medical center in South Korea. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis. Results: The main theme of nurses' coping with moral distress was "a passive emotion-based response." We also extracted three categories of coping strategies: "uncritical adaptation to anguished situation," "self-justification for not acting," and "flight from ethical decision making." Conclusion: Nurses coped with moral distress in a passive and emotional way, possibly because of perceived incompetence and compliance to an organizational hierarchy. The findings imply that effective approaches to addressing moral distress in emergency nurses are needed at the individual and organizational levels.