• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate behavior to protect medical record among physical therapists(PTs). This study conducted a survey through the self-written questionnaires from 69 clinical PTs to understanding to protect patient' medical record. The result indicated that the behavior of PTs was not average 1, but the older PTs and healthier PTs, more protective patient's medical record(p<.01). The revision of PTs' behavior attitude and intention subjective was helpful to improve their behavior to protect patent's medical record.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the perspective of consumers in healthcare services regarding patient safety. Methods: The study was a descriptive study using a self-reported questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the Senior Empowerment and Advocacy in Patient Safety (SEAPS) questionnaire, which was designed to assess patient safety health beliefs. The survey was conducted online and a convenient sample of 302 adults participated in total. The reliability of the measurement (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$) was 0.758 in attitude (ATT), 0.546 in out-come efficacy (OE), 0.757 in self-efficacy (SE), and 0.703 in behaviors (BEH). Results: The average patient safety awareness score of the healthcare service consumers was 2.72 (ATT), 2.91 (OE), 2.87 (SE), and 2.27 (BEH). Our analysis indicated that there were no differences in ATT, BEH, or SE by gender, age, or education level. However, in OE and the total score of the four subscales, there were significant differences by age and gender. Correlations were identified between BEH and SE (r=0.409, p<.01), BEH and OE (r=0.202, p<.01), ATT and SE (r=0.358, p<.01), and OE and SE (r=0.241, p<.01). Conclusion: This study measured consumer perspectives concerning patient safety. The findings demonstrate the need for developing a measurement tool to assess consumer's perception of patient safety, considering Korean healthcare system and cultural context.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.47-73
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• 2017

Medical certificate is a document to demonstrate a patient's health status, made up and signed by a physician, dentist, or oriental physician who attended the patient. It serves as an evidence in many official process including civil or criminal law suit, especially for one's personal injury. The Korean legal system also acknowledges and protects the evidentiary function of medical certificate by mandating physicians etc. to issue medical certificate in good faith and only when they personally attended the patient, and by criminally punishing them when they do not comply with these legal requirements. There are some reasons, however, that medical certificates often do not reflect the true health status of the patient: When physicians attend the patient and collect information regarding the health status of the patient, their priority is and should be the most cost-effective way to meet the health needs of the patient. It does not necessarily correspond to the accurate examination of the health status of the patient. Even when the patient's report on the history of the illness or the injury seems suspicious, physicians might have to avoid disproving it because that kind of attitude might harm the rapport between the physician and the patient. All these can distort the perception of the physicians and this distortion can be reproduced in the medical certificate they made up. Some of these problems might be resolved or at least enhanced by introducing new form of medical certificate which would guide physicians to reveal the nature, factual and theoretical grounds, and the limit of their findings more accurately. Others, however, would not be able to address, because it stems from the conflict between the physician's primary duty, duty to be loyal to the patient's life and health, and his secondary duty to serve as a public or neutral witness on the health status of the patient, and when both values or duties conflict with each other, they should choose the duty to the patient sacrificing the duty to the public or the court.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.222-230
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• 2000

Complementary & Alternative Medicine(CAM) have become increasingly popular with health care consumer in recent years. The nurse's attitude and beliefs about CAM will influence the response. to the patient's demands and inquiries. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the attitude and beliefs of nurses about CAM. The study was performed in 600 nurses from October to December in 1999 : Nurses were working one university hospital & one general hospital were located in TaeGu city. and two general hospitals located in Kyung Buk city. The study used specially designed questionnaire to 600 nurses, and analyzed by using descriptive statistics, ANOVA data based on 460 completed questionnaire. The findings of the study are as following. 1. The credible forms of subject about CAM were ranked acupunture (66.1%). herbal medicine(56.5%), Sooji chim (50.4%) et al. 2. In the credibility of subject about CAM there were not significant difference by age. clinical career, marriage, health status. The most reason of positive credibility was 'Being human perspective and spiritual supporting'. While the most reason of negative credibility was 'the lack of science test and doubt of disease treatment'. 3. In the experienced rate of subject about CAM there were significant difference not by health status but by age($x^2$=10.096, p= .006), clinical career($x^2$=7.648 p= .022), marriage($x^2$=9.317. p= .002). In the satistied rate of subject about CAM there were not significant difference by age, clinical career, marriage, health status 4. The most usable forms of subject about CAM in nurse's practice was Music therapy(55.9%), and ranked massage (50.9%), acupressure(32.8%). Sooji chim (27.8%) et al.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.79-85
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• 1969

A serious case of the stomach ulcer was cured completely through a dietery treatment. The patient was listed as one of worse cases by the doctors. The patient refused to accept doctors' advises to have al surgical operation and sticked to his idea of dietetics. The doctors openly expressed their scepticism to a successful out come of a dietery treatment. However, it has been a success. A special ulcer diet menu prepared for the patient was based on those principles as follow: 1. Ulcer diet contained high protein (70g/day) and high energy (2,000cal/day). 2. To maintain a minimum degree of pressure on digestive process of the stomach, several small meals more than three times a day were served. Fat was avoided except that contained in milk and small amount of butter on toast. 3. To help to neutralize acid of the stomach, ample amount of milk was served. 4. Irritating food and beverage were prohibited. It was concluded that milk was one of the best diet for a peptic ulcer patient, for it could neutralize acid of the stomach as well as could provide ample amount of high protein which expedite healing craters formed by the stomach or duodenal ulcer. It was reported that most of unsucessful peptic ulcer cases of the local patients could be attributed to their failure in observance of an ulcer diet during their dietery treatment period, particularly their unfriendly attitude toward a milk diet.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.71-86
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• 2007

This study aims at looking into the use of oriental medical services in treating disease and patient's attitude of oriental medicine by social classes. The first to be explored through this study is medical accessibility, classifying them by age, gender and job. Second is to examine kinds of oriental medical services and expenses incurred in treating the disease. Third is to compare satisfaction for the services offered and investigate into relations between disease and oriental medicine through cross-analysis by class, and provide fundamental materials for enhancing accessibility to oriental medical centers for treating chronic diseases. The 1,376 households for the period of time from Apr. to Jun. 2005, were asked to answer to the questionnaires offered. The conclusion from the survey can be summarized as follows. Medical services for the onset of disease were less offered to females, older group, low schooling, and low-income bracket. It is attributable to an economic cause, in both genders. The in- and outpatients' rate were found higher in groups of female, older age, low-income and blue-color workers. Use of oriental medical centers were higher in outpatients than inpatients probably for low-income brackets were less frequently put on regular physical checkups, more exposing to diseases. Each hospitalization was found over six days longer in average; 19.7 days for oriental medical hospitals, 12.5 for hospitals. The hospital charges that patients should pay for one hospitalization showed 909,000 won in oriental medical hospitals, much higher than 518,000 won in hospitals. Outpatients were also found to pay more for oriental medical services; 55,000 won for oriental medical hospitals, 19,000 for hospitals. As to outpatients' satisfaction, oriental medical hospitals were generally found to be a little more satisfactory than general hospitals; 11.2% of respondents answered Very Satisfactory. Satisfaction to services offered to outpatients showed 82.2% of respondents responded to Over Satisfactory for herb clinics, 76% for general hospitals. For future intention to use oriental medical services, females, over 51 years old, lower education and income, and blue color workers showed more intention to use them. To be more competitive in treating chronic diseases, it is necessary that oriental medical services become more accessible through extending its coverage of insurance into more medical herbs and their prepared packs, as well as mapping out extensive publicity strategies to make known to the public about high efficacy of medical herbs and their safety.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2022

Purpose: Extravasation of diagnostic and therapeutic materials might occur when the intravascular solution leaks into the surrounding tissues. Injury associated with extravasation depends on various factors. It may range from mild skin reaction to severe necrosis. However, the incidence rate for extravasation is largely unknown because of the limited reporting in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the incidence of extravasation and nurses' attitude and knowledge of extravasation for providing high-quality nursing care. Methods: Three acute care hospitals were surveyed to estimate the occurrence of extravasation. Knowledge and attitude toward extravasation were investigated from 793 nurses working in six hospitals. Results: The incidence rate of extravasation was 0.5%. Extravasation commonly occurred in elderly patients aged 66 or older (59.9%) and internal medicine (48.2%), and it happened 13.73±20.68 days after hospitalization on average. It mostly occurred in the forearm site (52.9%) and was mainly caused by parenteral nutrition (33.6%). The mean scores of nurses' knowledge and attitude were 14.63±2.86 and 28.91±36.00, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the subjects' knowledge and attitude (r=-.11, p=.002). Conclusion: It is necessary to have a reporting system that can accurately monitor the occurrence of extravasation for patient safety management. In addition, it is necessary to develop a protocol that can be applied to clinical practice and a nurse education program.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.80-99
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• 2000

This study was designed to find the characteristics and patterns in subjectivity of an attitude on the degree of importance of professional nursing for advancing nursing image. Q-methodology was used as a research design and the research procedures were as follows. Q-sampling has been derived from the literature review and interview. Its credibility and validity were also tested by nursing professors. Total of 34 statements were selected. P-sampling has been drawn and 32 samples were selected. Based on 9 point scale. the selected respondents rated their operant definition on the degree of importance of professional nursing for advancing nursing image. The results of above procedures were analyzed by PCQ program. The attitude about the degree of importance of professional nursing for advancing nursing image were analyzed based on the typical array. extreme comments. and the demographic information of study subjects. The results revealed that there were four types of attitude about the degree of importance of professional nursing for advancing nursing image. The four types were named as follows; 1) The first type. agree of problem-solving perspectives. was consisted of 8 subjects. They emphasized that the nurse should solve a patient's problem promptly and precisely for advancing nursing image. 2) The second type. agree of kindness perspectives. was consisted of 5 subjects. They insisted that the nurse should be kind to patient and his family for advancing nursing image. 3) The third type. agree of love and service perspectives. was consisted of 4 subjects. They emphasized nursing spirit based on love and service for advancing nursing image. 4) The fourth type. agree of professional knowledge perspectives. was consisted of 6 subjects. They emphasized that the nurse should construct of professional nursing knowledge for advancing nursing image. As a result. this study discovered three types of the degree of importance of professional nursing for advancing nursing image. By identifying the nature of each of four types. this study can be useful to develop efficient strategies for advancing nursing image.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.97-117
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• 2005

This study was designed to compare the differences m results of supervisor and subordinate rating. Data was collected from personnel evaluation and subordinate rating results for middle managers(n=68) in hospital from 3rd January to 20th March in 2004. Supervisor rating consisted of performance, ability and attitude evaluation. Subordinate rating consisted of leadership, ability and attitude evaluation. Collected data included sociodemographic characteristics, work department, work level, years of work, years at present level and whether working in a patient serving department. The difference of standardized supervisor and subordinate rating score was used to define groups as 'higher in supervisor rating group'. Groups were defined in total score, ability score and attitude score. Main results were as follows: 1. In total score, sectional chiefs were apt to be 'higher in subordinate rating group' while chief clerks were apt to be 'similar group' or 'higher in supervisor rating group'. Staffs in patient serving department were likely to be 'higher in supervisor rating group' and staffs in non-patient serving department were likely to be 'higher in subordinate rating group'. All these results were statistically significant. 2. In ability score, there were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, years of education, work department, work level, years of work and whether working in a patient serving department among 'higher in supervisor rating group', 'similar group' and 'higher in subordinate rating group'. 3. In attitude score, staffs in the department of medical affairs and the department of administration were apt to be 'higher in subordinate rating group'. Staffs in the department of nursing were apt to be 'higher in supervisor rating group'. Staffs in a patient serving department were likely to be 'higher in supervisor rating group' and staffs in a non-patient serving department were likely to be 'higher in subordinate rating group'. All these results were statistically significant. 4. Logistic analysis about total score showed that sectional chiefs had higher Odds Ratio(OR) to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group'. Staffs in a non-patient serving department had higher OR to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group'. Both these results were statistically significant. 5. Logistic analysis about ability score showed that sectional chiefs had higher OR to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group'. Staffs in a non-patient serving department had higher OR to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group'. These results were not statistically significant. 6. Logistic analysis about total score showed that sectional chiefs had higher OR to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group', but the difference was not statistically significant. Staffs in a non-patient serving department had significantly higher OR to be in 'higher in subordinate rating group'. In conclusion, there is no clear superiority between supervisor and subordinate rating in personnel evaluation. It would be better to use a mixed model. It's also suggested to use an intervening rate of application or scores considering work levels and work department in personnel evaluation. These results would be helpful for hospitals planning a supervisor and subordinate rating system for personnel evaluation.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.259-279
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• 2000

This study is a descriptive analytic research measuring nursing service quality, using SERVQUAL model, to make fundamental data and strategies for nursing service improvement. Data were collected by self-reported questionnaire from 202 patients and 142 nurses, from June 7 to 14, 1999. The reliability of instrument were adequate(Cronbach ${\alpha}=.94$). SAS program was utilized for statistical analysis of collected data. The results were as follows; 1. There was a gab between patient's expectation and perception on nursing service(Gap B). Gap D was indicated an affecting factor to decide nursing service quality. Gap C was indicated an indirect affecting factor of nursing service quality. Because it was not statistically significant in total item analysis, but in individual item analysis, 7 items were appeared statistically significant. Gap A was not a gap occurrence factor of nursing service quality. 2. Focuses of nursing service quality improvement strategies were; (1) to direct qualitative improvement of nursing service in order to correspondence patient's nursing service expectation. (2) to make nurse's service activity modified because nurse's practice were not reached patient's expectation level. (3) to need internal, external factor analysis affecting nurse's service activity. 3. Nursing service quality was decided by rather environmental inappropriateness provided nursing service than itself. Therefore, to make nursing service quality improvement, it is required to improve nursing service environment. For this, followings are required; (1) to strengthen nurse's education on lower part of nursing service satisfaction and QI activities. (2) to balance demand and supply of nursing personnel. 3) to fix computerized system for reducing other duties weight except nursing care through analysis of nursing activity. (4) to construct rational cooperating system among related departments. 4. The important parts for nursing service quality improvement were indicated as follows: (1) Gap B: 'prompt reaction', 'examination symptom before patient's complaint', 'hearted nursing service reducing patient's dissatisfaction', 'explanation goals of nursing activities', 'having special Knowledge enough', 'maintenance position comfortably', 'management of patient's physical hygiene'. (2) Gap C: 'maintenance physical safety', 'explanation about hospital rules and facilities'. (3) Gap D: 'tender, safe injection and wound care'. Because above items are mostly improved through nurse's attitude change and quality improvement, it is required to establish nursing standardization and to strengthen nurse's clinical education. As the based on above results, followings are suggested; 1. SERVQUAL model is very useful to make strategies for nursing service quality improvement because it indicates multiple factors affecting hap occurrence. 2. At individual items analysis of Gap C, statistically significant 7 items appeared higher nurse's perception level than patient's perception level on nursing service were trouble perception level on nursing service quality improvement. So. it need further research to analysis about these difference occurring factors. 3. At analysis of Gap D, it is indicated that in nursing service performance process, multiple factors lowing nursing service quality were intruded. So it needs further research to analysis what these factors are and how each factors affect on nursing performance process. 4. nursing service quality measurement is changeable according to sample select time or sampled subject's characteristics. So to develope strategy for nursing service quality improvement is based on the results of periodical analysis.