• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.73-80
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• 2015

Sergei Eisenstein explains pathos as the basic principles of artistic creation in "The Structure of the Film" written in 1939. The definition of pathos is embodied as effect to leap the audience in ecstasy. Pathos aiming at qualitative configuration of the audience's emotions is film form and the core of cinematic expression as important as montage. Eisenstein as one of the greatest film directors sought to theorize cinematic art. He wanted to fuse the creative and theory of film through principles such as the collision montage, intellectual image, and construction of pathos. This study explores the background of the discussion that Eisenstein going beyond the status as an artist wanted to experiment with montage to lead the change in audience and build pathos effect in the extended. This article examines the meaning of pathos in works of art he explained. It should also be understood the construction of pathos for changing the emotion of the audience through the example of the film he analyzed.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.123-134
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• 2022

War films are a general term for films that have battlefields as their main background. Although war films as a genre directly deal with combat situations, they also deal with characters or subjects related to war. War films promote patriotism and nationalism, but they also argue against war by highlighting the disastrous war. This study is based on the color theory that the meaning of film color is temporarily and infinitely generated according to the cultural differences, with Eisenstein's creative theory on film color and pathos. I wanted to clarify the pathos effect and the meaning of color green expressed in the Korean war films. In war films, colors are visualized in art forms such as symbols, similes and metaphors. In war films, color green symbolizes life. On the battlefield, the green of nature stands against the catastrophic situation. The green of ecology, which insists on the flow of life, evokes fear in ecological crises such as war, disaster and climate change. The dark green caused by a catastrophe like war warns of the destruction of life. The connotation of color is temporarily and infinitely expands according to the cultural differences. The dark green, which visualizes the battlefield of destruction, is a form and element of pathos that indicates changes in emotions such as sadness, pity, grief and despair. Pathos as an emotional appeal is a leap from the quality to the quality of the means of expression and refers to the departure from Dasein. The green color that dominates the visuals of war films is a symbol of life and functions as a pathos that makes emotional changes take a new leap. A qualitative leap through pathos means all changes that become new.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

A pathos block line cut-vertex graph of a tree T, written P BL_c(T), is a graph whose vertices are the blocks, cut-vertices, and paths of a pathos of T, with two vertices of P BL_c(T) adjacent whenever the corresponding blocks of T have a vertex in common or the edge lies on the corresponding path of the pathos or one corresponds to a block B_i of T and the other corresponds to a cut-vertex c_j of T such that c_j is in B_i; two distinct pathos vertices P_m and P_n of P BL_c(T) are adjacent whenever the corresponding paths of the pathos P_m(v_i, v_j) and P_n(v_k, v_l) have a common vertex. We study the properties of P BL_c(T) and present the characterization of graphs whose P BL_c(T) are planar; outerplanar; maximal outerplanar; minimally nonouterplanar; eulerian; and hamiltonian. We further show that for any tree T, the crossing number of P BL_c(T) can never be one.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.633-639
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• 2016

Putting his 'Panic theatre' aesthetics into practice, Fernando Arrabal is a leader of the avant-garde theatre. Creating ${\ll}$Guernica${\gg}$, Arrabal's play, in a dance theatre format, this study tries to analyze the group pathos in fanatical conscious and poetic movement. Logic analysis is based upon the pathos value of the theatre of the Absurd that transcends the unrealistic and the illogic on the authority of dual element of the internal opposition and contradiction of human beings. In ${\ll}$Guernica${\gg}$, the dance of the Absurd found expression in the group pathos phenomenon of fanatical conscious, and was analysed as a new framework of communication structure.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.83-104
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• 2019

Purpose Recently, Internet personal broadcasting has been widely spreaded as a new media type by replacing traditional legacy media such as TV. Considering this phenomenon, this study aims to explore the effect of Aristoteles' persuasion factors on Internet personal broadcasting from a rhetorical view. The reason why users watch the Internet personal broadcasting is that they are persuaded by creator's expertness, empathy, or content usefulness. These factors can be regarded as persuasion factors. Therefore, with Aristoteles' rhetorical persuasion factors composed of ethos, pathos, and logos, this paper tries to investigate how persuasion factors affect user's emotional\ attachment and voluntary donation intention. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a model of the relationships among three rhetorical factors, user's emotional attachment, and donation intention. Specifically, ethos is regarded as creator's expertness and trustworthiness, and pathos refers to creator's empathy and social interaction. Last, logos refers to content usefulness and credibility. For testing a hypothetical research model, this study collected 468 surveys and empirically tested hypotheses using a structural equation model. Findings This study investigated how rhetorical factors (ethos, pathos, and logos) and emotional attachment further influence user's donation intention. The findings suggest that rhetorical factors of ethos and pathos enhances emotional attachment, followed by donation intention. Contrary to an expectation, however, logos was not significantly related to emotional attachment. Creators of Internet personal media and MCN providers should focus on the different effects of rhetorical factors and pay attention to the role of emotional attachment to encourage user donation.

• Journal of Korean Philosophical Society
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• no.114
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• pp.27-51
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• 2016

According to Kant, morality is an institution that preserves and promotes humanity. However, some pathologies can be found in morality. Nietzsche is the one who severely criticized pathologies of morality, especially in terms of the phenomenon of "self-deception". Those who support Kantian tradition, can also learn from Nietzsche's criticism. But they regard "respect" as the fundamental moral attitude. This is different from Nietzsche's "pathos of distance", which is based on disrespect and contempt.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
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• v.10
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• pp.231-249
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• 2004

In dieser Albeit wird der Versuch unternommen, die Charakteristik der Rhetorik von Hitler zu analysieren. Im Abschnitt fwei wird die allgemeine Charakteristik der Hillers Reden beschrieben. Die Reden von Hitler sind Elemente eines verzweigten, flexiblen und inhaltlich nor schwer bestimmten Komplexes von Manipulations-und Machttechniken, die trotz seiner Tendenz zur Zentralisierung nur schwer als System zu fassen sind. Dies macht die Schwierigkeit jeder analytischen Erfassung aus. Seine Rede vermag im Bezug auf Logik und Argumentation wenig zu $\"{u}berzeugen$, aber or wirkte. In diesel Analyse wird die Rede von Hitler folgende Systematisierung $m\"{o}glich$: 1) Am Anfang weist Hitler auf die allgemeine Not hin. 2) Danach diffamiert or seine Gesner und provoziert starke Emotionen bei seinen $Zuh\"{o}rern$. 3) Zum $Schlu{\ss}$ $l\"{o}st$ Hitler bei den Deutschen eine starke Kampfbereitschaft aus und entwickelt vor semen $Zuh\"{o}rern$ seine Vision eines $bl\"{u}henden$, starken Deutschlands. 4) $Abschlie{\ss}end$ erkifirt Hitier seine $pers\"{o}nlichen$ ethischen Vorstellungen und seine sich daraus ergebenden Handlungen. Er liegt $gro{\ss}en$Wert darauf, die Ethik seine Handlungen zu $begr\"{u}nden$. Danach wird die Selbstdarstellung von Hitler beschrieben. $F\"{u}nf$ Realisierungsformen sind $daf\"{u}r$ relevant: a) $pers\"{o}nliche$ $Erz\"{a}hlungen$, b) Diffamierungen, c) sittlich wertvolle Ermahnungen, d) Taten und e) Ziele. Im Abschnitt drei wird die Rhetorik von Hitler gemacht. Hier handeit es sich um Ethos und Pathos. Hitler versuchte, die durch die Aktivierung zwischen ihm und Publikum vorhanden, $unbewu{\ss}ten$ psychischen Potentiate, die durch den Akt der Rede aktiviert werden, zu realisieren. Er hat jeder Sammlung nur gesagt, was sie $h\"{o}ren$ wollte, den wahren Sachverhalt nur auf $h\"{o}chst$ vordergryndige Weise.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.6
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• pp.381-405
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• 2004

Elegie und Iambos gehoren zu den altesten Genre der griechischen Lyrik. Erst in diesen Gedichten aus den 7. Jh. v. Chr. beginnt der Dichter als pers nliches Subjekt seine eigenen Erfahrungen auszusprechen, w hrend or im Epos objektiv und leidenschaftslos hinter seinem Stoff zur ckblieb. So behauptet man, dass in den Gedichten der beiden Genre 'das Erwachen der Personlichkeit' (B. Snell) erfolge. Doch dieser pers nliche Charakter der fruhgriechischen Dichtung darf nicht im Sinne der Subjektivit t verstanden werden, wie man sie in der modernen Lyrik findet. Dem subjektiven Gef hl, das in den uns tradierten Fragmenten aus der fr hgriechischen Dichtung zum Ausdruck kommt, kann man n mlich ein gemeinsames Pathos ablesen, das die Elegiker und Iambographen in der Zeit des politischen Umwandels angesichts der conditio humana empfunden batten, das Pathos n mlich, das sich wohl unter dem Begriff amechanie am besten zusammenfassen lasst. In solchen Grenzsituationen, wie Krieg, Ungluck, Altern, sprechen sich die Dichter vollig hilflos aus und beklagen sich uber die menschliche Unwissenheit uber das erh ngte Schicksal. Bezeichnend f r ihre Begegnung mil der Hilflosigkeit des menschlichen Daseins ist jedoch der Realit tssinn, den sie aus ihren Erfahrungen der conditio humara bzw. amechanie gewonnen haben: Sie wollen sich weder durch einen heroischen Gedanken uber den Nachruhm noch durch einen religiosen Glauben an das Jenseits tauschen lassen. Sie wollen vielmehr hic et nunc einen Weg finden, sich mit der amechanie abzufinden. Und dabei werden zwei verschiedene Lebenswege eingeschlagen, der Weg des erotischen Hedonismus (Mimnermos und Semonides) und der des 'sardonischen' Realismus (Archilochos). Damit weisen uns die fruhgriechische Lyrik auf zwei typische Lebensrichtungen hin, die sich spater in der griechischen Ethik einb rgern sollen.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.65-74
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• 1990

This paper presents triaxial test (CIVC and CKOUC) results on normally consolidated deep sea clay samples. Based on the test results the pore pressure-strain relations for both isotropicaly and anisotropicaly consgidated samples are expressed with hyperbolic functions of the major princpal strain. The analysis of the difference in pore pressure behavior due to the anisotropy in consolidation stress is carried out with the effective stress pathos of CIVC and CKOUC and finds a factor which correlates the pore pressure of two types of test.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.616-619
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• 2002

The z-map structure is widely used for NC tool path verification as it is very simple and fast in calculation of Boolean operations. However, if the number of the x-y grid points in a z-map is increased to enhance its accuracy, the computation time for NC verification increases rapidly. To reduce this computation time, we proposed a NC verification method using 3-D graphic acceleration hardwares. In this method, the z-map of the resultant workpiece machined by a NC program is obtained by rendering tool swept volumes along tool pathos and reading the depth buffer of the graphic card. The experimental results show that this hardware-based method is faster than the conventional software-based method.