• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.196-202
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• 2011

연구목적: 근관 치료를 전후로 근관 삼출액을 추출하여 MMP-8과 SP의 양을 측정하고 근관 치료에 따른 변화 및 이들간이 상관관계를 보는 것을 본 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 치수괴사, 혹은 이전 근관 치료 후 치근단 병소가 있어서 근관 치료가 예정된 35개의 치아를 대상으로 하였으며, 근관 치료 첫날, 2주 후, 4주 후 paper point를 이용하여 근관 삼출액을 채취하였다. MMP-8과 SP의 양은 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)를 이용하여 정량 하였다. 삼출액의 채취 시점에 따른 MMP-8, SP 양의 변화 및 환자의 통증 정도, 임상증상에 따른 MMP-8, SP의 변화는 mixed model을 이용하여 통계 분석하였으며 MMP-8과 SP의 상관관계는 Pearson correlation coefficient를 구하여 분석하였다(p < 0.05). 결과: 근관치료가 진행됨에 따라 MMP-8, SP의 양은 유의성 있게 감소하였으며(p < 0.0001), 환자의 통증이나 타진검사 시 반응이 SP의 발현에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. MMP-8의 경우 SP와 미약한 양의 상관관계가 있었지만 환자의 증상이나 다른 임상검사와 상관관계가 발견되지 않았다. 결론: 본 실험에서 사용된 paper point를 이용한 근관 삼출액의 채취를 통하여 치근단 염증과정에서 발현되는 MMP-8, SP를 검출할 수 있었으며 특히 SP의 경우 환자의 증상과 보다 관련이 깊은 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2013

목적: 천골 및 골반골에 발생한 거대세포종에 대한 동맥 색전술의 효용성을 규명하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 12월부터 2008년 5월까지 연속적 동맥 색전술을 시행한 9예를 대상으로 그 임상 결과 및 동맥 색전술에 대한 거대세포종의 치료 반응성을 후향적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 9예 중 6예에서 거대세포종이 진행되어 연속적 동맥 색전술은 천골 및 골반골 거대세포종 치료에 있어서 효과적인 치료 방법은 아닌 것으로 나타났다. 5예의 경우에서는 수술, 방사선 치료 등의 추가적인 치료를 시행 했음에도 불구하고 거대세포종이 진행되었다. 9예 중 3예에서 거대세포종의 호전 및 완치 소견을 보여, 카이제곱 검정을 통해 이와 관련된 인자들에 대해 분석하였다. 첫 혈관조영술 시행 시 거대세포 종양의 영양 혈관수가 6개 미만인 경우(p=0.048), 측부 순환의 개수가 3개 미만인 경우(p=0.048) 만이 동맥 색전술에 대한 치료 반응성과 연관이 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 첫 동맥 색전술 시행 후 잔존 종양 염색 유무와 반복 시행 횟수는 연관이 없었다. 결론: 천골 및 골반골 거대세포종의 치료에 있어서 연속적 동맥 색전술은 일반적으로 사용될 수 있는 효과적인 치료 방법은 아니나, 첫 혈관 조영술 시행 시 종양의 혈관 분포가 적은 경우에 한해서 시행한 다면 좋은 치료 결과를 기대할 수 있다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.36-39
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• 2015

2012년과 2013년 6월 하순 강원도 횡성과 평창의 곰취(Ligularia fischeri) 재배포장에서 포기가 서서히 시들어 말라 죽는 이상 증상이 발생하였다. 발병정도는 30-80%로 병든 식물체를 조사한 결과, 줄기가 수침상으로 물러지고 썩으면서 흰색의 곰팡이와 갈색의 작고 둥근 균핵이 관찰되었다. 병원균을 순수 분리하여 병원균의 균학적 특징을 조사한 결과, 감자한천배지에서 균총은 흰색으로 잘 자라며 갈색의 작고 둥근 균핵을 많이 형성하였다. 균핵의 크기는 1-3 mm이며, 균사의 폭은 $4-10{\mu}m$였다. 균사생육과 균핵 형성 적온은 $25-30^{\circ}C$이었으며, 균사특유의 clamp connection이 관찰되었다. 또한, 병원균의 염기서열 분석결과 695 bp로 Sclerotium rolfsii와 같은 계통군으로 확인되었으며, 99% 이상의 상동성을 보였다. 이와 같이 곰취에 발생한 병징, 병원균의 균학적 특징 및 염기서열 분석 등을 종합한 결과 S. rolfsii Saccardo로 동정되어 곰취 흰비단병으로 명명하고자 한다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.236-239
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• 2012

2009년 7월 밀양지역의 농가포장에서 재배된 기장의 잎에 세균성 줄무늬증상이 발생되었다. 병징은 잎과 줄기전신에서 갈색의 괴저줄무늬를 보였으며, 포장전체에서 확인되었다. 이병된 잎에서 분리된 4계통의 세균들은 배양적, 생리 생화학적 특성, Biolog 검정, 16S rRNA 유전자 염기서열분석에 의하여 Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae로 동정되었다. 또한 담배, 토마토에 접종하여 과민성반응을 확인하였으며, 기장에 접종하여 동일 병반을 확인할 수 있었다. 이상의 연구결과에 의하여 기장에서 Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae에 의한 세균성줄무늬병을 국내 처음으로 보고한다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.7-27
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate acute and subacute toxicity and sarcoma-180 anti-cancer effects of herbal acupuncture with cultivated wild ginseng (distilled) in mice and rats. Method : Balb/c mice were injected intravenous with cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture for $LD_{50}$ and acute toxicity test. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intravenous with cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture for subacute toxicity test. The cultivated wild ginseng herbal-acupuncture was injected at the tail vein of mice. Results : 1. In acute $LD_{50}$ toxicity test, there was no mortality thus unable to attain the value. 2. Examining the toxic response in the acute toxicity test, there was no sign of toxication. 3. In acute toxic test, running biochemical serum test couldn't yield any differences between the control and experiment groups. 4. In subacute toxicity test, there was no sign of toxication in the experimental groups and didn't show any changes in weight compared to the normal group. 5. In subacute toxicity test, biochemical serum test showed significant increase of Total albumin, Albumin, and Glucose in the experimental group I compared with the control group. Significant decrease of GOT, ALP, GPT, and Triglyceride were shown. In experiment group II, only Glucose showed significant increase compared with the control group. 6. Measuring survival rate for anti-cancer effects of Sarcoma-180 cancer cell line, all the experimental groups showed significant increase in survival rate. 7. Measuring NK cell activity rate, no significant difference was shown throughout the groups. 8. Measuring Interleukin-2 productivity rate, all the experimental groups didn't show significant difference. 9. For manifestation of cytokine mRNA, significant decrease of interleukin-10 was witnessed in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion : According to the results, we can conclude cultivated wild ginseng herbal acupuncture caused negligible toxicity, and had anti-tumor effects in mice.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10187-10192
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• 2015

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes are a large family of constitutive and inducible mono-oxygenase enzymes that play a central role in the oxidative metabolism of both xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. Several CYPs are involved in metabolism of oxysterols, which are cholesterol oxidation products whose expression may be dysregulated in inflammation-related diseases including cancer. This study focused on CYP39A1, which can metabolize 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-OH) that plays important roles in the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. We aimed to investigate the expression status of CYP39A1 and its transcription factor (RUNX2) in relation to clinical significance in cholangiocarcinoma (CCAs) and to determine whether 24-OH could induce oxidative stress in CCA cell lines. Immunohistochemistry showed that 70% and 30% of CCA patients had low and high expression of CYP39A1, respectively. Low expression of CYP39A1 demonstrated a significant correlation with metastasis. Our results also revealed that the expression of RUNX2 had a positive correlation with CYP39A1. Low expression of both CYP39A1 (70%) and RUNX2 (37%) was significantly related with poor prognosis of CCA patients. Interestingly, oxidized alpha-1 antitrypsin (ox-A1AT), an oxidative stress marker, was significantly increased in CCA tissues in which CYP39A1 and RUNX2 were down regulated. Additionally, immunocytochemistry showed that 24-OH could induce ox-A1AT in CCA cell lines. In conclusion, our study revealed putative roles of the CYP39A1 enzyme in prognostic determination of CCAs.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.405-413
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• 2011

This study was designed to elucidate high-$K^+$ induced response of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle from human gastric corpus using isometric contraction. Contraction from circular and longitudinal muscle stripes of gastric corpus greater curvature and lesser curvature were compared. Circular smooth muscle from corpus greater curvature showed high $K^+$ (50 mM)-induced tonic contraction. On the contrary, however, longitudinal smooth muscle strips showed high $K^+$ (50 mM)-induced sustained relaxation. To find out the reason for the discrepancy we tested several relaxation mechanisms. Protein kinase blockers like KT5720, PKA inhibitor, and KT5823, PKG inhibitor, did not affect high $K^+$-induced relaxation. $K^+$ channel blockers like tetraethylammonium (TEA), apamin (APA), glibenclamide (Glib) and barium ($Ba^{2+}$) also had no effect. However, N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) and 1H-(1,2,4) oxadiazolo (4,3-A) quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), an inhibitor of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and 4-AP (4-aminopyridine), voltage-dependent $K^+$ channel (KV) blocker, inhibited high $K^+$ -induced relaxation, hence reversing to tonic contraction. High $K^+$-induced relaxation was observed in gastric corpus of human stomach, but only in the longitudinal muscles from greater curvature not lesser curvature. L-NNA, ODQ and KV channel blocker sensitive high $K^+$-induced relaxation in longitudinal muscle of higher portion of corpus was also observed. These results suggest that longitudinal smooth muscle from greater curvature of gastric corpus produced high $K^+$-induced relaxation which was activated by NO/sGC pathway and by $K_V$ channel dependent mechanism.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2011

Purpose: Although the role of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) as a predictive and prognostic factor for uterine cervical cancer has been identified in previous studies, 1) the effective patient group of screening for recurrence with SCC-Ag, 2) the relationship between SCC-Ag and recurrence site, and 3) the relationship between the change of SCC-Ag and treatment outcome or recurrence have not been described. Materials and Methods: The study included 506 patients with histologically proven uterine cervical cancer between January 1994 and December 2010. We determining the serum SCC-Ag level before treatment and after treatment, and conducted a retrospective review of the patients' records. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of SCC-Ag for the detection of tumor recurrence by comparing biochemical recurrence with clinical recurrence. Results: The pretreatment SCC-Ag level and the proportion of patients over 1.5 ng/mL were higher in poor prognostic patient group. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, pretreatment SCC-Ag showed a statistically significant correlation with tumor size, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage, pathology. In patients with biochemical recurrence vs. those without, 5-year DFS and OS were 27.6 vs. 92.7% (p ${\leq}$ 0.001) and 53.7 vs. 92.5% (p ${\leq}$ 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Our study reconfirmed the known function of pretreatment SCC-Ag, but could not confirm the function of biochemical response as a predictive factor for treatment and as a prognostic factor. There was no statistically significant relationship between SCC-Ag level and recurrence site. We confirmed the role of SCC-Ag as a follow-up tool for recurrence of disease and which patient groups SCC-Ag was more useful for.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제75권2호
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• pp.59-66
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• 2013

Background: This study was conducted in order to elucidate the effects of docetaxel on the growth of peroxiredoxin 1 (Prx1) knockdown A549 xenograft tumors and further tested the role of Prx1 as a predictor for how a patient would respond to docetaxel treatment. Methods: Effects of docetaxel on the growth of scrambled- and shPrx1-infected A549 xenograft tumors in nude mice were measured. Moreover, immunohistochemical expression of Prx1 was evaluated in paraffin-embedded tissues from 24 non-small cell lung cancer patients who had received docetaxel-cisplatin regimens as a first-line treatment. Results: Docetaxel treatment in Prx1 knockdown xenograft tumor resulted in reduced tumors growth compared with other groups. Prx1 knockdown increased the production of cleaved caspases-8 and -9 in the control itself compared to scramble tumors. Moreover, docetaxel treatment in Prx1 knockdown tissue led to an increased protein band. Phosphorylated Akt was found in Prx1 scramble tissues. Phosphorylated FOXO1 was detected in the docetaxel treatment group. On the other hand, Prx1 knockdown completely suppressed the Akt-FOXO1 axis. The median progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with low Prx1 expression was 7 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.0-7.7), whereas the median progression-free survival of patients with high Prx1 expression was 4 months (95% CI, 4.0-5.0). However, high Prx1 expression was not associated with decreased PFS (p=0.114). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that elevated Prx1 provides resistance to docetaxel treatment through suppression of FOXO1-induced apoptosis in A549 xenograft tumors, but may not be related with the predictive significance for response to docetaxel treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.15-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the tissue response in applying of various bone substitutes included toothash-plaster mixture, resorbable hydroxylapatite (HA) and demineralized freeze-dried bone and to show the clinical usefulness of toothash-plaster mixture for the repair of craniomaxillofacial bone defect. For this experiment, 100 Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200gm or more were used. There were four experimental groups: group I, toothash-plaster mixture; group II, demineralized freeze-dried bone; group III, resorbable HA; and group IV, control group. A full thickness, round bone defect measuring 10mm in diameter was created in the midcranium, and the substitutes cited above were embedded in the experimental rats based on their group assignment. Blood clot was filled in the rats assigned to the control group. Experimental rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 8th, 12th and 24th week after implantation and stained with the hematoxylineosin, Masson's Trichrome, using Van Gieson's stain method, and were examined under light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. In all the groups, prominent inflammatory reaction and the infiltration of multinucleated giant cells were noted during the early stage. Gradual healing decreased this reaction. 2. Among the rats in the experimental group II, which were given demineralized freeze-dried bone implants, active formation of new bone traveculae manifested. Chondroid tissues appeared, and it was suggested that the defect was filled with newly formed bone by virtue of osteoinductive activity. On the 12th week after the experiments, most of the defect was filled with newly formed bone trabeculae. 3. In experimental groups I and III, it was noted that HA manifested a healing process similar to that characterized by the toothash-plaster mixture, but inflammatory reaction was more prominent in experimental group I. Active osteoblasts were observed along the periphery of osteoid tissues, while newly formed bone trabeculae appeared adjacent to the implanted materials three weeks later. Formation increased to the extent that newly formed bone trabeculae fused directly with the host bone. Increase in new bone ingrowth into the filling materials was revealed by both experimental groups. 4. In the control group, new bone formation adjacent to the host bone was observed, but most of the defect was filled with mature connective tissue 24 weeks after the experiments.