• STI Policy Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 2010

Over the last decade, some Korean enterprises have emerged to become global players in their specialized products. How have they achieved such tremendous technological progress in a short period of time? This paper explores that question by examining the characteristics of technological innovation activities at major Korean enterprises. The paper begins with a brief review of the stages of economic growth and science and technology development in Korea. Then, the existing literature, explaining the Korean innovation model, is analyzed in order to establish a new framework for the Korean innovation model. Specifically, Korean firms have experienced three sequential phases, and thus, the Korean model, at the firm level, can be coined as "path-following," "path-revealing," and "path-creating." Then, the stylized facts in the first phase (path-following) and the second phase (path-revealing) are discussed, in the context of empirical evidence from the areas of memory chips, automobiles, shipbuilding, and steel. In terms of technology development, the Korean model has evolved as "collective learning" in the first phase, "collective recombination" of existing knowledge and technology in the second phase, and is assumed as "collective creativity" in the third phase. Ultimately, all three can be classified as "collective creation". Korean firms now face a transition in the modes of technological innovation in order to efficiently implement the third phase. To achieve remarkable progress again, as they did in the past, and to sustain the growth momentum, Korean firms should challenge new dimensions such as creative technological ideas, distinctive technological capabilities, and unique innovation systems -- all of which connote 'uniqueness'. Finally, some lessons from the Korean technological innovation experience are addressed.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.700-716
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• 2010

This paper examines the development of smelting reduction process in POSCO from 1990 to 2007 with the perspective of post catch-up technological innovation. POSCO paid attention to smelting reduction process as a sort of next-generation iron and steel technology, and implemented COREX (coal ore reduction) by the cooperation with V$\"{o}$oest. In addition to this, POSCO started to develop FINEX (fine iron ore reduction) which can use abundant powder ore, and FINEX was developed through model plant, pilot plant, demo plant, and commercial facility. POSCO came up to innovation leader beyond fast follower by securing almost technologies concerning FINEX. The case of smelting reduction process shows various characteristics including appropriate technological choice, successive scale-up, spiral development system, complementary technological cooperation, long-tenn investment, the existence of top management's leadership, and Korean government's support in early stage. This case can be interpreted as a path-revealing innovation in the middle of technological paradigm change.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.351-362
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• 2003

The goal of this study was to examine the effects of perceived risks toward GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) food on the decision-making to purchase it and demands to reveal its Identity. The major results were as follows. First, consumers strongly perceived the risk toward GMO food, and demanded labeling to identify it. But, many consumers had indecisive in the purchase of GMO food. Second, consumers with high level of perceived risks toward GMO food were more likely not to buy GMO food. In addition, the level of perceived risk was high among consumers who had many children. Finally, consumers with high level of perceived risks toward GMO food were more likely to demand the labelling for identifying GMO food. Consumers who had many children and high level of reliability for labelling food safety strongly demanded to label for revealing GMO food.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.197-203
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• 2014

This study deals with a comparative analysis on reverse mortgage loans and mortgage loans in order to pave a path for activation of real estate financing. The fact-revealing analysis was conducted through surveys based on theoretical consideration and advanced researches, which has drawn a range of findings. As the results of this study, the important findings concerning the improvement on the activation of practical housing reverse mortgages are applicable to all real estate, diversifying the tax benefits, and deregulation of 1 house, etc. and findings concerning the improvement to activate mortgage loans are diversifying types of interest rates, diversifying types of repayment, tax benefits for less than 15 years maturity period, and granting benefits(low interest rates, higher loan limits) to low-income households, etc. This study has a significance for providing basic materials in order to accomplish advanced finance policies along with social welfare services as suggesting measures to improve and activate real estate financing through the findings out of the fact-revealing analysis conducted as above.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2015

We report the facile synthesis of graphene-$CdLa_2S_4$ composite through a facile solvothermal method at low temperature. The as-prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis and BET analysis, revealing the uniform covering of the graphene nanosheet with $CdLa_2S_4$ nanocrystals. The as-prepared samples show a higher efficiency for the photocatalytic degradation of typical MB dye compared with P25 and $CdLa_2S_4$ bulk nanoparticles. The enhancement of visible-light-responsive photocatalytic properties by decolorization of Rh.B dye may be attributed to the following causes. Firstly, graphene nanosheet is capable of accepting, transporting and storing electrons, and thus retarding or hindering the recombination of the electrons with the holes remaining on the excited $CdLa_2S_4$ nanoparticles. Secondly, graphene nanosheet can increase the adsorption of pollutants. The final cause is that their extended light absorption range. This work not only offers a simple way to synthesize graphene-based composites via a one-step process at low temperature but also a path to obtain efficient functional materials for environmental purification and other applications.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.43-53
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• 2022

Purpose: This research aims to provide solutions for human resource problems in public educational institutions to improve employee performance. Research design, data, and methods: The study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. Data were obtained through questionnaires and documentation. Meanwhile, the model used path analysis using Analysis Moment Structure (AMOS) software. Results: Results showed that there was a significant relationship between locus of control and redistribution variables on employee empowerment as well as on employee performance. This result implied that good management through the locus of control and employee redistribution in public organizations could be better to serve the community and organizations. Public change to be superior and demanded by the community to make it a good place to learn. Employees' good behavior and increasing competence can satisfy users of educational and sustainable institutions. Conclusion: To sum up, research on management development of locus of control and employee redistribution is needed to make public organizations, especially those engaged in education. This study provides academic implications by revealing that the locus of control factor and employee redistribution in public organizations are needed to improve institutional services.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

This study was initiated with the aim of suggesting a further step in the program of literary therapy by revealing the mechanism by which the body heals through the discharge of neural network codes. Sentence is encoded as neural signals in our body as it is being read. If the neural networks in the human body are activated and created, the code in which the neural networks are encoded is a code composed of sentences. That is, Sentence is a code. And if the Sentence connects to the human body again and activates the human neural networks, it can be said that Sentence is encoded. At this time, the relation of "neural network codes = Sentence codes" is established. In other words, human narrative and literary narratives are the mediums that convey the same kinds of neural network codes. Cho Ji-Hoon's Poem "White Night" draws sadness through the path of loneliness in 1strophe. Through the Sentence of Loneliness, it activates neural network codes of sadness. 2strophe for the 'pure white snow' is the encoding of the Sentence. In 3strophe, the sentence for 'sadness' is encoded. This flow causes a healing mechanism in this Poem, because the neural network codes about the loneliness, sadness, and eyes of the human body are passed to the other. Here, the other is "White Night". In the future, it is expected that more effective healing results will be obtained if a literary therapy program on the encoding of the sentence of Cho Ji-Hoon's Poem is performed in the future.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.23 no.2 s.41
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• pp.165-177
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• 1993

Upper canine is important because it protects and maintains the stability of the dental arch and also, joins the anterior with the posterior teeth. The incidence of impaction of upper canine is the second most frequent next to the third molar because it takes a long period of time to develop, and has a complicated path of eruption, and erupts lately. After the age of 10, clinical and radioglaphic examination can be used in revealing the possibility of impaction and efforts should be put to reduce the side effects. To prevent impaction, selective extraction of primary canine at the age of 8 to 9 could be considered and prolonged retention of primary canine in oral cavity should be avoided at this time. Once the impaction is iden, the first stage of the treatment is to lcocalize the lesion by radiographic examination and According to the severity, orthodontic traction or autotransplantation should be considered and comprehensive diagnosis and treatment plan of malocclusion should be established. Generally, labial impaction is due to arch length discrepancy and palatal impaction is due to malposition or morphologic pathosis of lateral incisors rather than arch length discrepancy. In surgical procedure, peridontal problems should be considered and the minimum amount of bone and soft tissue should be reduced and direct bonding method of many attachment methods should be recommended. Especially in traction of labially impacted canine, it should be guided to erupt through the keratinized zone and proper forced magnitude should be applied. The importance of periodontal condition should always be in mind following the patient education to mintain the good oral hygiene at each stage of treatment. Properly managed impacted canine can provide function and esthetic by proper diagnosis and treatment if extraction of canine is not indicated.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.61.2-61.2
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• 2011

Low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs) have been generally regarded to be powered by active galactic nuclei (AGNs), yet still a number of alternative explanations on the origin of LINER emission are suggested; for example, planetary nebulae nuclei of massive stars, supernovae shocks from death of massive stars, and old stellar populations. Interestingly, a majority of recent star formation early-type galaxies (ETGs) in local universe presents such LINER emission lines. Given that situation, revealing the true nature of LINERs is a crucial step to constrain the evolution path to quiescent ETGs. To resolve the issue, we use Keck/LRIS to obtain spatially resolved spectra on a carefully selected ETG. The ETG SDSS J091628.05+420818.7 at redshift z ~ 0.024 shows modest LINER emission line features without any detection of 21 cm radio continuum nor X-ray emission. We perform a stellar continuum subtraction and measure emission line strengths and their uncertainties for each spectrum from five apertures along the slit with size of 1 arcsecond (~0.5 kpc). We find that extended spatial distributions of four emission lines $H{\alpha}$, $H{\beta}$, [OIII]${\lambda}5007$, and [NII]${\lambda}6583$, and they can be explained by central emission blurring effect. We conclude that the emissions seem to be centrally concentrated, indicating the AGN-nature of LINERs.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.253-283
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• 2009

This study examined empirically the effect mechanism of labor market structure on access to social insurance. Data were derived from the second wave of Korea Welfare Panel Study in 2007 with a sub-sample of 3,790 of wage workers. Path analysis and structural equation model were used to analyze the effect mechanism. Findings confirmed the inequality of labor market by revealing high causal relationships among occupations and jobs, size of the firm, employment forms, and income. The results suggest that access to social insurance depends on the structural interaction of labor market rather than on the individual worker's trait. Small enterprises and non-standard employment were indicated as the main element explaining the unequal access to social insurance. Finally this study identified women's experience of intensive inequalities in the labor market status and access to social insurance.