• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2003

The urban park provides a safe rest and leisure area, and offers the beauty of nature to counter the drearyness of urban space. It can provide benefits such as the reduction of environmental pollution, the regulation of the local climate, and it can also provide a safe area during times of disaster. However, there was no interest in urban park development and control in Korea during the economic boom of the mid 1960s. Furthermore, during the industrialization process, the population grew significantly in the cities and the cities' scales were noticeably extended; as a result of this, the living environment and the natural environment in the cities worsened. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, urban green area diminished, and it became necessary to organize the urban park system to improve quality of life. 45% of south korea's population lives in 6 cities, which is only 4% of Korea's land size. The Urban park system has to be considered in the urban planning process. Paris' urban green system can be a role-model for Korea's urban green development plan to function organically. Urban public park concepts have been used in Paris's urban planning since 1850. There were hardly any parks, gardens and squares for the public before the middle of the 19th century. For improving life-styles for the poor, Napoleon III strongly supported the development of green space systems in Paris by G.E. Haussmann. Napoleon III and Haussmann established and applied the urban green regulation within Paris urban planning. The purpose of this study is to investigate the green regulations Haussmann's Paris urban plan and urban green space system: and as a result of this, it can be an indicator for urban green space development in Korea.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2017

When aiming for an increased and more sustainable use of metals a thorough knowledge of the corrosion phenomenon as function of the local metal microstructure is of crucial importance. In this work, we summarize the information presented in our previous publications[1-3] and present an overview of the different local (electrochemical) techniques that have been proven to be effective in studying the relation between different microstructural variables and their different electrochemical behavior. Atomic force microscopy (AFM)[1], scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM)[2], and electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM)[3] were used in combination with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Consequently, correlations could be identified between the grain orientation and grain boundary characteristics, on the one hand, and the electrochemical behavior on the other hand. The grain orientation itself has an influence on the corrosion, and the orientation of the neighboring grains also seems to play a decisive role in the dissolution rate. With respect to intergranular corrosion, only coherent twin boundaries seem to be resistant.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.41-50
• /
• 2001

The seoul Metropolitan Government has announced a program of the realization of a Korean garden named 'Seoul Park' in Paris 'Jardin d'Acclimatation' in June, 2000. The program for 'Seoul Park' in Paris has double objectives which aims celebrating the 10th anniversary of the establishment of sisterhood relationship between Seoul and paris and to promote the mutual cooperation and the amity between the two metropolitan cities. The purpose of this study is focusing on the issues on the setting procedure of characteristics of the 'Seoul Park', type of the Park, and design realization of expression of Korean identity, and the cultural consolidation between parks in Korean and French. The Seoul Park will be constructed on the shore of a lake of the Jardin d'Acclimatation, and the size of the area is 4,675㎡. In July, a design competition for the preparation of a schematic plan of the Seoul Park was held in Seoul. In this competition, the author won with a scheme which proposed a Korean Garden as expression of "between" two cultures which is fitted into the French environment. Although, the Seoul Park in Paris is a small Korean garden, its significance would be emphasized in terms of that it represents the adaptation of a Korean culture to the French territory. Throughout the winning entry, we could recognized hat the author defines Korean garden as 'time device', and 'Seoul Park' as 'Situation' which is the consolidation of the cultures between korea and France. And also the author pursued Korean garden as a net type of 'sequence of the event'. In this paper, we have discussed the concept and the schematic plan of the winning entry. focusing on following issues: Definition of the garden; Form of the garden; Expression of Korean garden; Representation of the reconciliation between two environments. Since many parts of the garden are under designing, and the discussion on the resetting of the existing trees in the garden is in progress, more specific investigation will be done in the next thesis.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.303-329
• /
• 2019

Intestinal failure (IF) is the critical reduction of the gut mass or its function below the minimum needed to absorb nutrients and fluids required for adequate growth in children. Severe IF requires parenteral nutrition (PN). Pediatric IF is most commonly due to congenital or neonatal intestinal diseases or malformations divided into 3 groups: 1) reduced intestinal length and consequently reduced absorptive surface, such as in short bowel syndrome (SBS) or extensive aganglionosis; 2) abnormal development of the intestinal mucosa such as congenital diseases of enterocyte development; 3) extensive motility dysfunction such as chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction syndromes. The leading cause of IF in childhood is the SBS. In clinical practice the degree of IF may be indirectly measured by the level of PN required for normal or catch up growth. Other indicators such as serum citrulline have not proven to be highly reliable prognostic factors in children. The last decades have allowed the development of highly sophisticated nutrient solutions consisting of optimal combinations of macronutrients and micronutrients as well as guidelines, promoting PN as a safe and efficient feeding technique. However, IF that requires long-term PN may be associated with various complications including infections, growth failure, metabolic disorders, and bone disease. IF Associated Liver Disease may be a limiting factor. However, changes in the global management of IF pediatric patients, especially since the setup of intestinal rehabilitation centres did change the prognosis thus limiting "nutritional failure" which is considered as a major indication for intestinal transplantation (ITx) or combined liver-ITx.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.11.2-11.2
• /
• 2007

• Honam Mathematical Journal
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.221-224
• /
• 2006

A Kummer-type transformation formula for the generalized hypergeometric function $_2F_2$ deduced by Exton, rederived in two simple and transparent ways by Miller and generalized by Paris, is again derived by another method.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.65-65
• /
• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.497-497
• /
• 2004

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.522-528
• /
• 2012

It is the aim of this paper to propose the empirical fatigue crack propagation model fit to describe a crack growth behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloys. The statistical data of a crack growth for an estimation are obtained by fatigue crack propagation tests under the three cases of maximum load. The empirical models estimated are Paris-Erdogan model, Walker model, Forman model, and modified-Forman model. It is found that the empirical model fit to describe a crack growth behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloys is Paris-Erdogan model and Walker model. It is also verified that a fatigue crack growth rate exponent of a empirical model is to be a material constant.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.109-119
• /
• 2016

When manufactured parts undergo large deformations during the manufacturing process, the global specifications of a part based on the concept of tolerance zone defined in the ISO 1101 standard [1] enable one to control the part's global defects. However, the extent of this tolerance zone is too large when the objective is to minimize local defects, such as hollows and bumps. Therefore, it is necessary to address local defects and global defects separately. This paper refers to the ISO 10579 standard [2] for flexible parts, which enables us to define a stressed state in order to measure the part by straightening it to simulate its position in the mechanism. The originality of this approach is that the straightening operation is performed numerically by calculating the displacement of a cloud of points. The results lead to a quantification of the global defects through various simple models and enable us to extract local defects. The outcome is an acceptable tolerance solution. The procedure is first developed for the simple example of a steel bar with a rectangular cross section, then applied to an industrial case involving a complex 3D surface of a turbine blade. The specification is described through ISO standards both in the free state and in the straightened state.