• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.27-40
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of children's characteristics, family environment and child care quality in socio-emotional development of children among dual-worker families. The sample consisted of 138 children aged 5-7 and their parents. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation analysis, one-way ANOVAs, and stepwise regression were used to analyze data. Results showed that there were significant sex differences in children's temperament and popularity. Mother's marital satisfaction had a negative correlation with peer rejection. Low maternal role conflict and child's age had effects on children's self-perception. Moreover, sex and age of the child, mothers' responsive parenting, number of teachers in the classroom were significant predictors for children's peer rejection.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.27-38
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• 2016

Objective: This study examined the influence of maternal attachment on adjustment in adolescence and investigated whether paternal attachment had any moderating effects on the relationship between maternal attachment and adjustment in adolescence. Methods: The participants of this study were 300 second graders from two middle schools in Seoul. We measured paternal and maternal attachment as perceived by the participants, adjustment in adolescence through school life adjustment, depression, and relational aggression. The study applied correlation analysis and hierarchical regression analysis suggested by Baron and Kenny (1986). Results: First, participants with high parental attachment showed high levels of school life adjustment, low level of depression, and low levels of relational aggression, demonstrating healthy psycho-social adjustment in adolescence. Second, paternal attachment played a facilitating role in the process of high maternal attachment's positive influence on school life adjustment. Third, paternal attachment mitigated the process of low maternal attachment's negative influence on depression. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of emotional communication, support, and intimacy between parents and children in middle school. Furthermore, it emphasized the importance of the paternal role and involvement in the mother-child relationship.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.27-37
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• 2012

This study determines the factors that contribute to the sense of self-identity for children from multicultural and rural families and provides a systematic understanding of individual self-identity. It also provides implications on how parents, teachers, and professionals can approach their role when instructing and rearing children of different sociocultural backgrounds. The subjects consist of the 310 children from multicultural families (Korean fathers and immigrant mothers) residing in South Korea and 280 children from rural families with similar conditions to those in multicultural families in North Jeolla Province South Korea. The sense of self-identity and maternal parenting behavior were perceived differently by children of multicultural and rural families, whose sense of self-identity was affected by school satisfaction and maternal parenting behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.106-116
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• 1992

This study were purposed to find out parental perceptions of child adjustment associated with parenting stress with autistic children and differences of parenting stress between autistic children's parents and normal children's. Subjects were 27 autistic children's parents, 28 normal children's, 4 teachers with autistic children. 'Scales were Parenting Stress Index(PSI), Eyberg Child Behavior Index(ECBI), Childhood Autism Rating Scale(CARS), Social Maturing Scale(SMS). The results of this study were as follows. 1) In total parenting stress, parents with autistic children had significantly higher scores than normal's. 2) In child domain of parenting stress, fathers with autistic children had significantly higher than mothers on the other components except Mood and Demandingness. 3) In parent domain of parenting stress, parents with autistic children had significantly higher than nomal's on Restrict of role, Attachment, Sense of Competence. All mothers of normal and autistic children had significantly higher than fathers on the other components except Repression. 4) In parenting perceptions associated with parenting stress level of autistic children's parents. Low level group perceived their children as higher adaptibility than teacher's evaluation and high level group perceived them as equal to teacher's.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.75-84
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• 2010

Objectives: This study investigates factors influencing the perpetrations of sexual violence while dating among college students. Methods: With a correlational survey design, a self-report survey was conducted and collected 1,132 responses from college students with dating experiences. Methods including descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficients, and multiple regression were used to analyze data. Results: Compared to college students with no perpetrations of sexual violence, college students with perpetrations of sexual violence had significantly higher scores in father's violence, mother's violence, gender role stereotype, and sexual violence permissiveness. On the other hand they had significantly lower scores in sexual assault recognition than the compared group. A multiple regression model result forecasted parents' violence, sexual assault recognition, sexual violence permissiveness, and gender as prediction indicators of perpetrations of sexual violence. Conclusion: To prevent sexual violence while dating, domestic violence should be decreased through parents education and counseling from childhood. High-risk groups should be detected by surveying socio-psychological variables including experience of domestic violence, sexual assault recognition, and sexual violence permissiveness. It need to develop and implement sexual violence prevention programs to accurately inform and aware sexual violence.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.251-257
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• 2006

Purpose : In this study, we created a questionnaire and collected answers concerning actual conditions of vaccination and parents' knowledge of vaccination issues, in order to find false knowledge of patients. We tried to give correct information and suggested the role of the pediatrician. Methods : We made questionnaires and collected answers from 466 parents from March 2004 to June 2004. Results : Places of vaccination were pediatric clinics(49.4 percent), health centers(27.7 percent), general/university hospitals(15.0 percent) and other clinics(4.9 percent). We found 38.8 percent of parents thought that the reason for vaccination at pediatric clinics was a belief of speciality, even though there is no difference in the vaccination itself. We also found 15.0 percent of parents thought that there were no differences between pediatricians and other physicians, but 52.0 percent of parents wanted to receive vaccination at pediatric clinics in the future. Our study also found that 62.4 percent of parents wanted to make out a preliminary questionnaire for vaccination. Many parents got vaccination information from vaccination record books(57.9 percent), and 52.6 percent of parents incorrectly believed that Hib vaccination could prevent all kinds of meningitis. Conclusion : Our study suggests that pediatricians need to make efforts to give out correct information. It is necessary to use preliminary questionnaires for vaccination and correct vaccination information should be written on the vaccination record book. Also, there needs to be counselling with parents about weaning, growth and development at the time of vaccination, and to point out the differences between pediatricians and other physicians.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.13-34
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• 2006

The study analyzed reflections on parenting and its meaning represented on mothers' self-reports of filial therapy sessions. The filial therapy program consisted of understanding of child development and parental role, practicing new parenting skill, feedback from the play therapist, lectures on child-centered play therapy, supervision of mother's play therapy sessions, and writing journals. Through repeated meta-parenting experiences during the sessions, four mothers who had relationship problems with their children improved awareness of themselves as parents, authentic understanding of the mother-child relationship and development, and reflections of their parental abilities despite individual differences.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.27-42
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• 2001

This paper reviews researches related with the elderly caregiving, which hale published during the 1990s. After analyzingthe 29 articles in this field, the major findings are as follows: First, the advantageous position in life chances which is consisted of socioeconomic status and resources tends to reduce th burden for the elderly care. The higher in social status, the more resources older adults have, the more advantageous in controlling their relationship with their children and caregivers. Second, values based on familism is more associated with providing caregiving services for their parents than those of filial piety. Third, the tendency that daughter-in-law takes the role of the primary caregiver suggests a possibility of diminishing her enthusiasm, and finally comes to recognize her role as an enforced one, as time goes by. Fourth, cargiving burden affects the diverse aspects of caregiver's way of life. When the lower class elderly has dementia, caregiving stress and hassle have reached at their peak level. For meeting the needs of reducing the burden for the elderly care, this study suggests community- based approach for the elderly care. This approach attempts to share the caregiving burden with local community. To share the burden means that the boundaries of caregivers does not limit family members, but to expand community. This attempt includes a plan that establishes multipurpose community center which provides comprehensive services and care for the aged. The theoretical rationale of this approach are also discussed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.847-856
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• 2000

Parents are primary care taker for the children and have an important role for the assessment and managent of children's pain following surgery. The purpose of the present study was to examine the validity and clinical utilization of the Postoperative Pain Measure for Parents (PPMP) developed by Chambers et al. Subjects were 52 children aged 4-12 years admitted for tonsillectomy and other minor surgery and their mothers. Faces Pain Scale, State Anxiety, and Postoperative Pain Measure for Parents were used. The data were collected by two research assistant on the operation day and 1st day after surgery at hospital during the period of July 20 to August 28, 1998. The results are as follows: 1. Eta correlation coefficient between 15 items of PPMP and child rated pain were calculated. Correlation coefficients were more than .2 for both day. 2. Internal consistency for PPMP were .82 and .83. 3. The scores of the PPMP were 10.73 (SD=3.71) and 9.27(SD=4.07) on the operation day and 1st day after surgery and there was no significant difference between two days(p=.056) On the other hand, there was a significant difference on the child rated pain by Faces Pain Scale between operation day and 1st day after surgery(p=.001). 4. The correlation(Spearman Rho) between PPMP and child rated pain were .40(p=.003) and .56(p=.000). The score of the PPMP and the children's state anxiety were highly correlated on the operation day and 1st day after surgery (.60, .52, p=.000). 5. Partial correlation between PPMP and child rated pain except state anxiety were .18(p=.23) and .48(p=.001) on the opration day and 1st day after surgery. 6. Using a cut-off score 10 out of 15, the measure showed excellent sensitivity (>80%) and moderate specificity (46.15%, 60% ). This study provides preliminary evidence for the use of the PPMP as a valid pain assessment tool with children between the ages of 4-12 years following surgery. It is suggested to explore the validity with a different subjects with other surgery and to examine the validity for infant and younger children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.782-798
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• 1996

This study was a survey done for the purpose of constructing a nursing theory according to Korean culture and to identify the traditional Korean view of humans and the expectations of the sick role, and to confirm changes from the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role according to general characteristics of the population. The subjects were all adults over 18 years old. 517 who lived in six large cities and 191 who lived in five rural communities. Data collection was done from November 19th, 1994 to January 19th, 1995 using a tool to measure the traditional view of humans and expectations of the sick role which was developed by the investigator through a literature review. Collected data were analyzed using frequency, percent, Cronbach alpha, 1-test, F-test and Scheffe post hoc contrasts, with the SAS program. The results of this study are summerized as follows : 1. The Traditional view of human score for all subject was 49.92, which shows that Korean traditional view of human is moderate. High scored items were "human need to live by making harmony with nature, not by overcoming the nature" (3.44), "Filial duty to parents and elders is important" (3.31), "Think of family more than a individual" (2.96). 2. The differences in the traditional view of humans between residential districts showed that the residents of Chungbuk(56.00), Kyungbuk(55.26), Chonbuk(51.32), Taegu(50.59) had a more traditional view of humans than those in Pusan(45.42) and Seoul (47.27). 3. The differences in the traditional view of humans according to general characteristics showed that rural community residents, males, older people, people with lower levels of education, married and house-resident groups had a significantly higher traditional view of humans than urban residents, females, younger people, people with a higher levels of education, single and apartment-resident groups. There were differences according to religion and job. Buddhism had a higher traditional view of humans than those of atheism, Christianity and Catholicism and physical workers, a significantly highers score, than technicians and professional workers. 4. Daily expected task performance during illnesses was lowest for patients with stroke (2.16) and psychosis(2.40), in which case almost no daily general tasks were expected, followed by arthritis 4.06, peptic ulcer 4.79, headache 4.99 and cough 5.58. The amount of expected role exemption during illnesses was also highest for stroke(2.25), followed by psychosis(2.08), arthritis(1.64), peptic ulcer(1.29), headache(1.16) and cough(1.09). The amount of daily task performance in the acute stage(3.05) was significantly lower than that of convalescent stage(4.95). 5. Total expectation of role exemption according to general characteristics showed that there was no significant differences in urban /rural community, marriage, level of education and religion. By sex, women showed higher expectation of role exemption during illnesses than men. By age, the 31-40 year old group showed lower expectation of role exemption than the 41-50 year old group or over the 61 year old group.or over the 61 year old group.