• 아동학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the moderating effects of peer competence between children's perception of parenting attitudes and depression among $5^{th}$ grade elementary students. The differences are examined based by gender. Methods: 'The Children's Perception of the Parenting Attitudes Inventory', 'Children's Depression Inventory', and 'Peer Competence Inventory' were used to collect data from 200 elementary school students from Seoul, Korea. The research hypothesis were analyzed using t-tests, Pearson's correlation analysis, standard linear regression analysis and hierarchical multiple regression analysis via SPSS 21.0. Results: The results are as follows: First, only peer competence showed a difference between the boys and girls, where the boys scored higher than the girls. Second, there was a significant correlation between all the factors. Third, the moderating effect of peer competence on the father's parenting attitude was supported only in the boys. Conclusion: The results denote the need of a gendered approach to understanding problems and developing counseling programs to address depression among children. They also demonstrate that high peer competence can be used to treat depression in boys dissatisfied with their father' parenting attitude.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference of maternal parenting stress through early childhood between urban(Seoul and Incheon) and rural area(Iksan and Kimpo). The subjects were 286 unemployed mothers who have less than 5-year-old children. The statistics used for this data were frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple regression. The finding from the present study certainly suggested that mother's level of self-differentiation, marital satisfaction, father's parenting support turned out to a significant variables on maternal parenting stress. Results of the regression analysis that the etiologic model of this study was more proper to urban than rural area, and father's parenting support is the most effective variable in predicting maternal parenting stress in both area. Implications based on this study are as follows ; parenting education programs to encourage for father's parenting support with be developed, and various empirical studies about maternal parenting stress in with area will be needed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.169-177
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• 2019

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Excessive sugar intake is one of the causes associated with obesity and several chronic diseases prevalent in the modern society. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of parenting variables based on the theory of planned behavior, on the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Parents and their children (n = 103, aged 5-7 years) were enrolled to participate in a survey for this study, after providing the required informed consent. Parents were asked to fill out a self-administered questionnaire at their residence. The sweetness preference test for children was conducted at a kindergarten (or daycare center) by applying the one-on-one interview method. RESULTS: The children were divided into two clusters categorized by the K-mean cluster analysis: Cluster 1 had higher sweetness preference (0.42 M sugar, 35%; 0.61 M sugar, 65%); Cluster 2 exhibited lower sweetness preference (0.14 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.20 M sugar, 9.5%; 0.29 M sugar, 81%). Cluster 1 had a higher frequency of sweets intake (P < 0.01), and lower sweets restriction (P < 0.05) and nutrition quotient score (P < 0.05). Sweets intake was negatively correlated with the nutritional quotient (r = -0.204, P < 0.05). The behavioral intention of parents was higher in cluster 2 (P < 0.05), while affective attitude, feeding practice, and reward were higher in cluster 1 (P < 0.001, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively). Furthermore, behavioral intention of parents showed a negative correlation with affective attitude (r = -0.282, P < 0.01) and feeding practice (r = -0.380, P < 0.01), and a positive correlation with subjective norm (r = 0.203, P < 0.05) and parenting attitude (r = 0.433, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that the sweetness preferences and sweets intake of children is related to the parent's affective attitude, feeding practice and reward. We suggest that to reduce the sugar consumption of children, guidelines for access to sweets and pertinent parenting practices are required.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.443-465
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• 2011

본 연구는 장애아동 아버지의 양육참여와 양육행동, 장애자녀에 대한 태도 및 친밀감을 향상시킬 수 있는 가족탄력성 증진 프로그램을 개발하고 적용하여 그 효과성을 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 프로그램은 가족탄력성의 개념을 기반으로 하위요인인 신념체계, 조직패턴, 의사소통과정을 포함하는 내용으로 구성하였고, 서울소재 복지관의 초등학생 장애자녀를 둔 아버지를 대상으로 주 1회 매 2시간씩, 총 7회기로 진행되었다. 연구결과, 통제집단은 결과에 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았지만 프로그램에 참여한 실험집단 아버지들은 양육참여 정도와 장애자녀에 대한 태도에서 유의미한 향상을 보였다. 따라서 가족탄력성 증진 프로그램을 통해 장애아동 아버지들이 적극적으로 양육에 참여하게 되고 장애자녀에 대해 긍정적으로 인식하게 되었음을 보여줌으로써 가족탄력성 프로그램의 효과성을 입증하였다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 장애아동 아버지에 대한 사회복지 실천현장에서의 개입 방안에 대한 함의를 제언하였다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.166-172
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• 2007

Purpose: The main objectives of this study were to examine relationship between depression and resilience in children with IDDM and identify factors associated with depression. Method: Data were collected from 63 children whose ages ranged from 10 to 15 years and who had been diagnosed with IDDM for over six months. Resilience was measured with an instrument developed by Kim (2002) and depression with the CDI by Beck (1967). Descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for depression was 11.71 (range: 0-54) and resilience was 99.03 (range: 32-128). There was a significant positive relationship between depression and academic performance (r=0.598, p>.01), and negative relationships between depression and perceived parenting attitude (r=-0.579, p>.01) and resilience (r=-0.577, p>.01). The result of multiple regression analysis showed that academic performance (${\beta}=-0.419$, p>.01), perceived parenting attitude (${\beta}=-0.338$, p>.01) and resilience (${\beta}=-0.219$, p>.05) were statistically significant for depression. Conclusions: The children with IDDM who reported lower resilience, negative parenting attitude, and better academic performance were more depressed. It is important for nurses to identify the strengths of the children with chronic illnesses and to help them increase their resilience level to prevent depression. Parenting classes are necessary to help parents support resilience of their children and counseling programs for mothers of these children are also recommended.

• Human Ecology Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.215-231
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• 2021

The study set out to identify the number of types of parental attitude profiles and their characteristics, as perceived by adolescents. The study also examined whether predictor variables (parent life satisfaction and self-esteem) influence parenting attitude profiles and whether these profiles, in turn, influence adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The sample consisted of data on 2,590 adolescents and their parents from the 2018 Korean Children and Youths Panel Survey (KCYPS). The adolescents were in the first grade of middle school. Using Mplus, the author applied latent profile analysis to identify the parenting attitude profiles and predictor and outcome variables associated with these profiles. Three profiles were identified based on major features: (1) coercion-inconsistency (8.3%), (2) general (47.3%), and (3) warmth-autonomy support (44.4%). Parent life satisfaction and self-esteem predicted the classification of the profiles. Also, the parental profiles identified the level of adolescent academic engagement and academic helplessness. The findings have important implications for family policies and practices given the significance of parent psychological status, particularly life satisfaction and self-esteem, on their adolescent children's academic engagement and academic helplessness.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.440-449
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the reciprocal relationship between parenting attitudes (positive and negative) and adolescent emotional problems as indicated by aggression, social withdrawal, and depression. Methods: This study analyzed longitudinal data from 2,325 parents and their children from the Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey 2018 at three time points over a three-year period (the first to third grade of middle school). Autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was conducted using AMOS 26.0. Results: The results indicated that both parenting attitudes and adolescents' emotional problems were relatively stable over time. In other words, the parenting attitude at a previous point affects the parenting attitude at a later point, and the emotional problem at the previous point continues to affect the emotional problem at the later point. There were no significant cross-lagged effects from both positive and negative parenting attitudes to adolescents' emotional problems. In contrast, adolescents' emotional problems at previous time points positively predicted negative parenting attitudes at later time points. In other words, if there were many emotional problems of aggression, social withdrawal, and depression in adolescents at a previous time, negative parenting attitudes such as rejection, force, and inconsistency at a later time increased. Conclusion: This study can reflect the characteristics of the development of independence in adolescence. Parents should deal with their children's emotional problems based on their understanding of the developmental characteristics of adolescence, and this study provides a strategy for parents to establish appropriate parenting attitudes for adolescents with emotional problems.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.373-386
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parent-adolescent relationship and marital conflict perceived by adolescents on peer victimization. The subjects were 353 middle school students selected from two middle schools in the Incheon area. The instruments of research included the peer victimization index, the parenting behavior index, the parent-adolescent communication index, and the marital conflict inventory. The statistics used for this data were t-test, ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. This study showed that middle school student's peer victimization was influenced significantly by the gender. Correlation analysis indicated that parenting behavior and peer victimization were significantly correlated. That is, oppressive, over protective and/or permissive attitudes of the parent were positively correlated with peer victimization. Intimacy and reasonable attitude were negatively correlated with middle school student's peer victimization. Also, parent-adolescent communication and peer victimization were significantly correlated. Especially, open communication was negatively correlated with peer victimization while problematic communication was positively correlated with peer victimization. Marital conflict perceived by adolescents was positively correlated with peer victimization. It was also found that gender, oppressive attitude, permissive attitude, open communication, and marital conflict were significant predictors of middle school student's peer victimization.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of children's somatic symptoms and the relationships among parent and child variables such as parenting attitude, children's anxiety, emotional expressiveness and somatic symptoms. The subjects were 523 6th grade students in four elementary schools located in Seoul, Busan and Daejeon. All subjects were tested with the Korean version of Children's Somatization Inventory (K-CSI), Parental Rearing Attitude Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety for Children (STAIC), and The Emotional Expressiveness Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by the frequency and percentage of somatic symptoms the children had experienced during the last 2 weeks; Pearson's correlation and multiple regression were used for the selected data of 10 somatic symptoms which were experienced by over 10% of the children. The results are summarized as follows: First, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, and memory failure, in that order, were experienced in over 20% of the children. Second, children's somatic symptoms had significant relations with mothers' and fathers' loving-denial attitudes and their anxiety and emotional expressiveness. Third, children's somatic symptoms were influenced by their anxiety and emotional expressiveness, but not by parenting attitude.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.81-96
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study is to present a detailed view of the self-regulation of 5-year-old children based on parental attitudes and consistency. Methods: The research was conducted among 144 pairs of parents (288 people) of 5-year-old children residing in Seoul. Results: The resultsare as follows. First, with regards to self-regulation based on a child'sgenderand mother's parental attitudes, sub-factors such as parental attitudes and parental interaction were found to have significant effects on self-determination. Also,parental attitudes and parental interaction were found to have significant effects on the sub-factors of self-monitoring, such as self-evaluation and self-determination and the sub-factors of self-regulation, such as behavioral inhibition and emotionality. Second, the percentage of parents whose parental attitude was consistent at 58.3%, which is higher than the percentage of parents whose parenting attitude was inconsistent at 41.7%. The results of self-regulation were significantly higher when parental attitudes were consistent than when they were inconsistent. Conclusion/Implications: This research is significant in that it offered a concrete view of parental attitudes and consistency status that affect child's self-regulation.