• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2001

Purpose : We investigated the reproducibility of language lateralization by 4 different word generation paradigms or the rest contents in each paradigm using functional magnetic resonance imaging in normal volunteers Materials and Methods Nine normal volunteers with left-handedness (mean age: 25 yrs) were examined on a 1.57 MR unit using a single-shot gradient echo epibold sequence. Four different word generation paradigms of noun, verb, adjective and adverb were used in each normal volunteer for investigating language system. In each paradigm, two different rest contents consisted of only seeing the " +" symbol or reading the meaningless letters. Each task consisted of 96 phases including 3 activations and 6 rests of 2 different contents. Two activation maps in one task were obtained under two different rest contents using the correlation method. We evaluated the detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas and the differences of language lateralization among four different word generation paradigms, or between the rest contents. Results : The detection rates of Broca and Wernicke areas were over 67 % in 4 different language paradigms and there was no significant difference of them among language paradigms, or between two different rest contents. Language dominances, in all 4 different language paradigms, were shown to be consistent in 66 %, but were contrary with language paradigms in some subjects. The rest contents made no significant effect on dominant language dominance determination, but the success rates of the dominant language dominances determined from 4 language paradigms were higher in reading the meaningless letter (100%, n=9) than in only seeing "+" on screen at the rest task (78%, n=7).

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2004

This study is about the ‘paradigm’ which works as a theoretical base for planning and managing elderly housing. For this purpose, this study surveyed published research works, and analysed the contents and the paradigms of the researches. This is based on the literature survey, and surveyed 66 research works published in the last 8 years. The result of the survey tells us that almost all of the research works done by Korean scholars are based on the rational approach to the design of elderly housing. They emphasize ‘functional rationalism’ ‘technical perfection’ ‘reasonable program’ ‘economy and market’, etc. However, such qualities as‘character of human being’ ‘depth of existence’ ‘identity of culture’ ‘speciality of place’are not emphasized. This means that paradigms used by Korean scholars are biased, and are far from the plural culture characterizing 21 st century. This study, therefore, analysed new paradigms appeared on the recent research works about housing environment, and suggests several new paradigms which would be essential for future planning of elderly housing.

• 복식
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.85-100
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• 2006

Fashion related with architectural paradigms includes concept of the space utilization beyond fashions field. Such a fashions concept is able to enlarge as a spatial system like architecture. Interface between fashion and architecture is originated in thinking of the rhizome, which understands fashions field within various relationships between environment of the city and fashion. The existing construction systems of fashion is not sufficient in fashions roles as the space that wearing changing body continuously. Consequently, accommodation of architectural paradigms in fashion depends on new recognition about function and space. Architectural paradigms expressed in fashion since 1990s was classified as follows: 1 modular system of Le Corbusier & Archigram, 2 deconstruction, 3 reconstruction, 4 nomadic architecture. Such a paradigms has been easy to combination among fashion and architecture and furniture. Deconstruction and reconstruction fashion revealed process toward completion, and reappeared architectural consideration about process of change toward incompletion. There are acknowledged formative characteristics as follows: mobility, changeability, multi-function, mutual combinative, openness, and fluidity. This study shows that fashion is essential device determined city environment construction in 21C, and revels that fashion has been highlighted as a presage of new spatial economy received architectural construction systems.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.263-268
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• 2014

The etiology of most psychiatric disorders is still incompletely understood. However, growing evidence suggests that stress is a potent environmental risk factor for depression and anxiety. In rodents, various stress paradigms have been developed, but psychosocial stress paradigms have received more attention than non-social stress paradigms because psychosocial stress is more prevalent in humans. Interestingly, some recent studies suggest that chronic psychosocial stress and social isolation affects mainly anxiety-related behaviors in mice. However, it is unclear whether chronic non-social stress induces both depression- and anxiety-related phenotypes or induces one specific phenotype in mice. In the present study, we examined the behavioral consequences of three chronic non-social stress paradigms: chronic predictable (restraint) stress (CPS), chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), and repeated corticosterone-HBC complex injection (RCI). Each of the three paradigms induced mild to severe depression/despair-like behaviors in mice and resulted in increased immobility in a tail suspension test. However, anxiety-related phenotypes, thigmotaxis and explorative behaviors, were not changed by the three paradigms. These results suggest that depression- and anxiety-related phenotypes can be dissociated in mouse stress models and that social and non-social stressors might affect brain circuits and behaviors differently.

• 감성과학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2021

대부분의 연구자들은 반응시간기반 숨긴정보검사(RT CIT)의 탐지 효율성을 평가하기 위하여 실험연구를 수행한다. 실험연구에서 거짓말하는 상황을 만들기 위하여 주로 두 가지 실험 패러다임이 사용된다. 한 가지는 모의 범죄 패러다임이며, 다른 한 가지는 개인적 항목 패러다임이다. 본 연구의 목적은 실험 패러다임에 관계없이 RT CIT의 탐지 효율성이 동일하게 추정되는지 검증하는 것이다. 연구 1에서는 선행 연구들에 대한 메타분석을 통하여 두 가지 실험 패러다임 간에 RT CIT의 효과크기가 다른지 검증하였다. 39개 연구에 대한 메타분석 결과, 모의 범죄 패러다임의 효과크기(Hedges의 g=1.330)가 개인적 항목 패러다임의 효과크기(g=1.145) 보다 약간 컸지만, 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 아니었다. 연구 2에서는 모의 범죄 패러다임 조건과 개인적 항목 패러다임 조건을 포함하는 실험연구를 수행하여, 실험 패러다임에 따라 RT CIT의 탐지 효율성이 다른지 검증하였다. 변량분석 결과, 관련자극과 무관련자극간의 반응시간 차이가 실험 패러다임에 따라 통계적으로 유의하게 다르지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 실험연구에서 모의 범죄 패러다임의 효과크기(Cohen의 d)는 1.638이었으며, 개인적 항목 패러다임의 효과크기는 1.535였다. RT CIT의 탐지 효율성이 실험 패러다임에 영향을 받지 않는 이유에 대하여 논의하였다.

• 경영과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.147-164
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• 1995

There have been two dominant paradigms in understanding and modeling an expert's decision-making behavior: output analysis and process-tracing. While the two paradigms are complementary, they have not been used yet in a combined manner. This study extends the previous research work in the two paradigms to inductive modeling research by 1) analyzing individual experts' decision strategies, 2) comparing performance of four popular inductive modeling methods, and 3) matching their performance against the type of decision strategy employed by experts.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.49-63
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• 2001

This paper aims at setting up a theory of science-based industry, discussing the patterns of technological innovation and the issues of industrial change. The paradigms of technological change are changing rapidly from engineering-based to science-based innovation and industry. New paradigms are clearly distinctive from old paradigms, and hence raises several issues of the theory of industry.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.82-92
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• 2017

The Korean state evolved as a distinct entity in a region of major power convergence and conflict. All states, as human constructions, seek sovereignty and life security of their subjects/citizens, and are rotted in organic society. In the Republic of Korea, constitutional order has provided a framework for political action and a succession of regimes - authoritarianism, military dictatorship, and constitutional democracy. Since 1960 two paradigms have undergone a cycle of growth and decline, and a third, since the 2016 candlelight demonstrations in Gwanghwamun, may be the beginnning of a third generation paradigm - populist constitutionalism.

• 조형예술학연구
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• 제1권
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• pp.11-62
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• 1999

The paper aims to survey some features in the 20th century's semantic analyses of the pictorial representation as a paradigm concept. Here the most typical pattern of paradigms to approach it were thought that one is Referential Semantics which begins with Wittgenstein's Picture Theory, the other, Ontological Semantics concerned with .Langer's Symbol Theory. In the light of paradigm theory, some results acquired are as follows. First, the two paradigms are recognized as those of a mutually different philosophical background. So as far as the researcher is concerned, their arguments are contradictory each other. Second, it must be emphasized that each of them all have a possible aspect of necessary and sufficient requirements. to interpret and analyze the meaning of artistic representation. In result, the Referential and Ontological Semantics can work with a complementary partnership. In short, the referential meaning constructs a infrastructure of the picture, whereas the ontological meaning does it's infrastructure.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2010

Since information systems are pervasive in the business and non-business areas, the issue of extending researches on information systems to knowledge systems and e-business systems is one of the most profitable topics of researches. We propose a historical, discontinuous changes introducing ambiguity in explaining and interpreting innovative nature of three paradigms of systems: information systems, knowledge systems, and e-business systems. Resorting to the historical perspective in developing ideas into meaningful themes, we proposed a discrete continuity in interpreting changes of paradigms of systems. Discrete continuity may be explained by ambiguously-shared meaningful perspectives applied to different paradigms of systems and interpretive elements of each system. The discrete continuity has been adopted to make ambiguity utilized have instrumental contribution in researches. The engrafted ambiguity in systems design, development, and use could have enduring instrumental value in interpreting the types or variants of systems in each paradigm of systems.