• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.211-220
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• 1991

The relief of pain by laser therapy in useful in the treatment of ulcers burn, tenosynovitis, tendinitis, bursitis, neuritis, rheumatism, chilblains, herpes, zoster. The degenerative cells probiferate to replace by the active vigorous cells by laser rays and suppressed the growth of cell in pathological lesion or condition laser rays promote healing by stimulating growth of celt or tissue The purpose of this study was to introduce about the principles of therapeutic laser ray, characteristics, indication, contraindication, technique, therapeutic effect or clinical effect throughout refference books. The author believe that therapeutic laser rays will contribute grently toward over coming the difficulties of physical therapy.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.87-101
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of herbal medicine during the Western medicine therapy in adenomyosis. Methods: The author searched 5 electronic databases and search keywords were 'Adenomyosis' and 'Herbal Medicine'. We included randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) using herbal medicine therapy combined Western medicine for adenomyosis patients. Results: The author selected 12 studies. The systematic review of the 12 trials indicated that herbal medicine therapy integrated Western medicine therapy was more effective than Western medicine therapy alone. Conclusions: The herbal medicine therapy combined Western medicine for adenomyosis patients seems to improve pain relief and improvement of illness from this research. However, this result should be taken cautiously by unclear risk of bias. More clinical research will be needed to standardize the results of this study through herbal medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.117-131
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was designed to observe the effect of chuna manupulation in alleviating the symptoms of postpartum patients with low back pain and pelvic girdle pain. Methods: Targeted by outpatient 30 postpartum patients, A group was patients who were treated with acupuncture, traditional Korean medicine, physical therapy, B group was patients who were treated with acupuncture, traditional Korean medicine, physical therapy, and chuna manupulation. After 2-months, the progress of symptoms was evaluated by visual analogue scale(VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) and Pain drawing. Results: 1. Group A and B were analyzed for general characteristics, with an average age of both groups, average weeks at admission after delivery, parity and method of delivery, weight gain and BMI during pregnancy were no significant differences in. 2. VNRS improvement in the rate of group A was $2.84{\pm}4.73$, VNRS improvement in the rate of group B was $4.85{\pm}1.49$. Between the two groups was statistically significant. 3. ODI improvement rate in group A was $10.14{\pm}4,39$, ODI improvement rate in Group B was $15.16{\pm}3.41$. Between the two groups was statistically significant. 4. Patients who received acupuncture, traditional Korean medicine, physical therapy, and chuna manupulation. in group B compared pubis, thighs, buttocks showing more effective in pain relief than group A, who received only acupuncture, traditional Korean medicine, physical therapy. Conclusions: In case of postpartum patients with low back pain and pelvic girdle pain, it is more effective to treat with Integrated traditional Korean therapy and chuna manupulation than to treat with only integrated traditional Korean therapy.

• Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.957-963
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• 2015

Objective To compare the pain-reducing effect of forest bathing alone versus forest bathing in combination with stretching and strengthening exercises in patients with chronic posterior neck pain. Methods Sixty-four subjects with posterior neck pain that had lasted more than 3 months were enrolled. They were randomly divided into a forest bathing alone (FBA) group and a forest bathing with exercise (FBE) group; each group included 32 subjects. All subjects from both groups walked every morning in the forest for about 2 hours for 5 days. In the afternoon, the FBE group did a stretching and strengthening exercise for about 4 hours; the FBA group had free time in the woods. Visual analog scale (VAS) on one day, VAS over the previous week, neck disability index (NDI), EuroQol 5D-3L VAS (EQ VAS) and index (EQ index), McGill pain questionnaire (MPQ), the number of trigger points in the posterior neck region (TRPs), and the range of motion of the cervical spine were evaluated on the first and last day of the program and compared between the two groups. Results The number of TRPs were significantly reduced in the FBE group compared with the FBA group (p=0.013). However, the other scales showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion When patients with chronic posterior neck pain underwent a short-term forest bathing (less than 7 days) program, FBE was more effective in the reduction of the number of TRPs than FBA. However, all other pain measurement scales we evaluated showed no statistically significant difference between the two protocols.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-11
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of hospice home care on the pain relief and quality of life of terminal cancer patients. Method: Experimental pre and post tests were provided to a single group to see the changes of quality of life of patients who were referred to a hospice home care department after having cancer treatment. They were visited at least 8 times for the duration of 4~6 weeks and were provided a 24 hour phone call service. 41 subjects were transferred to a hospice home care department after being discharged from hospital were selected. Result: 1)The first hypothesis that "the pain score of the subjects after receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care" which scored 4.06 point at the first test and 3.41 at the second did not statistically show a significant difference(t=1.421 p=1.66), even though the pain score is decreased. 2)The 2nd hypotheses that "the quality of life score of the subjects after receiving hospice home care would be different from before receiving hospice home care" which scored 2.88 point at the first test and 3.39 at the second showed a significant difference(t=-6.759, p=.000) and was supported. Regarding the changes of quality of life score, social aspect(t=-5.745, p=.000), emotional aspect(t=-5.684, p=.000), and spiritual aspect(t=-6.889, p=.000) has significantly been increased, while physical aspect has been more decreased significantly than before the hospice home care is provided(t=4.282, p=.000). Conclusion: It was effective to provide hospice home care in relieving the terminal cancer patients' pain and in improving their quality of life, even though a short term hospice home care for 4-6 weeks was provided.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.152-156
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• 1991

Cervical radiculopathy has been recognized as a common cause of neck, shoulder, and arm pain. It was conventionally treated with rest, traction, cervical collars, manipulation, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with varying results. Surgery has not always been successful so the idea of epidural steroid injection was developed as in the case of lumbar epidural injections, for the treatment of low back pain and sciatica. Thirty one patients with evidence of cervical radiculopathy were treated with injections of triamcinolone acetate into the cervical epidural space. The effect of the steroid injection could be evaluated in twenty one patients who received epidural injections more than twice. No improvement was seen in 6 patients and 15 patients showed good to excellent pain relief for a week to over 6 months. Epidural steroid injection seems to have a positive role in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-59
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• 2000

Background: Intrathecal injection of morphine is widely used in the management of postoperative pain because it provides long-lasting analgesia. Intramuscular caroverine and tiaprofenate are used to produce postoperative pain relief. This study was designed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and quality of sleep achieved with intrathecal morphine and those of intramuscular caroverine and tiaprofenate in transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Methods: Forty patients undergoing elective TURP were randomly allocated into 2 groups as follows: Group M (n=20); 0.25 mg of morphine hydrochloride mixed in 7.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine was administered at the time of induction of spinal anesthesia. Group S (n=20); 7.5 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine was administered intrathecally and caroverine and tiaprofenate intramuscularly at every 8 hr and 12hr postoperatively for management of postoperative pain. We evaluated the analgesic efficacy with visual analog scale (VAS), quality of sleep, and side effects. Results: VAS at 6, 12 and 24 hours after operation were significantly less (p<0.01) in the group M than in the group S. Group M was superior to group S with respect to quality of sleep (p<0.01). In the group M, the incidence of nausea was 30% (6/20) and that of pruritus was 35% (7/20) and clinical respiratory depression did not occur. Conclusions: Intrathecal 0.25 mg morphine provides good postoperative analgesic effect. but intramuscular caroverine and tiaprofenate does not.

• CELLMED
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.7.1-7.3
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• 2017

Ok-jin Gong's hunchback dance is considered to be a strange dance in Korea. However, there have been no reports of the effects of music and dance therapy as a pain treatment. The aim of this article is to argue that watching and listening to the hunchback dance of Ok-jin Gong may have significant effects as a form of pain treatment. The creator of this style of dance suspected that dance in general can be an outlet for our inner emotions. Her dance in this case has received critical and complimentary reviews as well. However she has been cited as the main culprit behind the destruction of traditional dance forms in the Korean dance world. Nonetheless, her bewitching stage presence attracted much attention. She satirized the feelings of the under privileged' through music and dance. We tend to feel somehow relative poverty and small in the presence of a rich and successful man. On the other hand, the artist felt that it is the public who would be relatively comforted and satisfied in the presence of the weak and handicapped. A free spirit that makes us forget pain is the very essence of her dancing. Her dance and music sound as if she sublimated her sadness and ugliness, changing it to happiness and beauty. She puts herself in a low position and spreads a sense of freedom and relief to the world. Hence, the author felt that innumerable people have been comforted in these ways by her dance.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.178-186
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is aimed to examine the effectiveness on pain, feeling and nursing practice of hand reflexology applied to in-patient in the clinical setting. Method: The pre/post test methods using VAS for pain and feeling, physiologic measuring, and questionnaire of nursing care were conducted. Subjects were selected 45 in-patients from a surgical ward in hospitals during Nov.-Dec. 2005. 5 minute hand reflexology therapy was applied to both hands of participant by two research assistants at the same time. Data were analyzed based on SAS program using frequency, $x^2$-test, paired t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Result: 1. After receiving hand reflexology therapy, the subjects showed significant pain relief(t=-4.94, p=.0001), improvement in feeling(t=19.44, p=0001) and an increase in skin temperature(t=3.54, p=.001). 2. The applied skills that the participants preferred were press-rotate(80.0%), press-walk(35.56%) and press-rolling(31.11%). The effectiveness of nursing practice scored $3.99{\pm}1.97$ out of 5. Nurse-Patient Relationship and effective response of nursing intervention ranked the highest 4.31. Conclusion: Hand reflexology was considered as an effective nursing intervention in the clinical settings, but in order to evaluate re-verifies and reliances for this effects, it is necessary that comparative studies should be conducted.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.145-150
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of ilioinguinal-hypogastric nerve blocks(IHNB) and caudal block in producing post-orchiopexy and post-heniorrhaphy analgesia in children. Forty consenting healthy children, ages 3~10yr, were randomly assigned to receive caudal bupitvacaine (0.125%, 0.5ml/kg), or IHNB bupivacaine (0.25%, 0.3 ml/kg). Blocks were performed following the induction of general anesthesia, be fore the operation. Pre-anesthetic medication in form of atropine 0.01 mg/kg, droperidol 0.05 mg/kg were given intramuscularly one hour before induction to 40 children. Children were induced with thiopental sodium 5 mg/kg and succinylcholine 1 mg/kg intravenously. Anesthesia was maintained with oxygen-nitrous oxide ($FiO_2$ 0.3) and ethrane. When the patients stabilized after induction. IHNB was done in the supine position and caudal block was done in the lateral position. The local anaesthetic was injected after negative aspiration. Postoperative pain was assessed with face pain rating scale (RPRS) at rest on discharge of recovery room, and 5 hours after discharge of recovery room, and the "red and white" visual analogue scale (VAS) at rest and mobilization from supine to sitting position on discharge of recovery room, and 5 hours after discharge of recovery room. Post-operative recovery was quiet and comfortable, without side effect. Relief of ain was complete in both IHNB group and caudal group. Surgeons, parents and recovery room personnel were satisfied. There were no surgical or anesthetic complications. In our study, the postpoerative pain scores were similar in both IHNB group and caudal group. IN conclusion, we found that both IHNB and caudal blocks before the start of surgery for orchiopexy & herniorrhaphy are safe and effective in controlling the postoperative pain of children.