• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.9
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• pp.4635-4642
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• 2013

The advanced absorbent that used amine mixture with different order were developed to separate carbon dioxide emitted from fossil fuel power plant. The carbon dioxide absorption capacity for mixtures with different amine(primary, secondary and tertiary) were investigated according to $CO_2$ partial pressure. The carbon dioxide absorption capacity at the same pressure is ordered as 3DMA1P 30wt%>3DMA1P 27wt%+MEA 3wt%>3DMA1P 27wt%+DEA 3wt%. The result indicates that mixing tertiary amine with primary amine yields more efficient carbon dioxide absorbent than mixing tertiary with secondary amine does. Finally, the predicted semi-empirical gas-liquid equilibrium model fitted with experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1212-1219
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• 1999

The oils were extracted from the mixture of roasted(for 20 min at 190oC) perilla seeds(RPS) and roasted (commercially) peanuts(RPN) by solvent extraction(SE) and mechanical expression(ME). The effects of mixing ratio on physicochemical characteristics and oxidative stability of their oils were investigated. Yields of both SE and ME oils were increased as the RPN ratio in the mixture increased. In all the SE and ME oils, the major fatty acids were oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid, and total saturated fatty acids increased gradually, but total unsaturated fatty acids decreased gradually as the RPN ratio in the mixture was increased. The specific gravity and refractive index of both SE and ME oils decreased as the RPN ratio in the mixture was increased. Acid value, saponification value and iodine value of SE oils decreased as the RPN ratio in the mixture increased, whereas acid value and iodine value of ME oils decreased and saponification value increased. The colors of ME oils were darker brownish than SE oils. The oxidative stability of SE oils was decreased as the RPN ratio in the mixture increased, whereas that of ME oils was increased. Sensory evaluation of all the oils extracted from the mixture with various mixing ratio showed significant differences in flavor, taste, color and overall acceptance(p<0.01). The oil extracted from the mixture of the mixing ratio of 8:2(RPS:RPN) showed slightly higher preference regardless of extraction method.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2014

This study is conducted to evaluate the effects of the mixing ratio between pork loin and chicken breast for textural and sensory properties of emulsion sausages. Meat homogenates are prepared by using five mixing ratios between pork loin and chicken breast (100:0, 70:30, 50:50, 30:70, and 0:100), and the emulsion sausages are also formulated with five mixing ratios. The additions of chicken breast increase the salt soluble protein solubility due to high pH levels of chicken breast, thereby resulting in the reduction of cooking losses. In addition, the apparent viscosity of meat homogenates increase with increasing amounts of chicken breast. In terms of emulsion sausages formulated with pork loin and chicken breast, the addition of chicken breast above 50% may contribute to a softer and more flexible texture of emulsion sausages. For sensory evaluations, an increase in the added amount of chicken breast contributes to a rich umami taste and deeper flavor within the emulsion sausages, resulting in the high overall acceptance score for the formulation of 0-30% pork loin and 70-100% chicken breast. Therefore, the optimal mixing ratios between pork loin and chicken breast are 0-30% and 70-100% for enhancing the textural and sensory properties of emulsion sausages.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.111-120
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• 2001

Calcium hydroxide pastes is widely used in conventional endodontics. Along with the expanded clinical use of calcium hydroxide, literatures suggest mixing calcium hydroxide with other substance. Among added substances the vehicle plays the most importance role in the overall process because it is directly related with the velocity of ionic dissociation of $Ca^{2+}$ and OH ion. In this study, we evalutated and compared periapical tissue response and root resorption after canal was filled with mixture of saline and calcium hydroxide(Junsei Chemical Co.. Japan) as a aqueous vehicle, Metapaste(Meta Co., Korea) as a viscous vehicle paste, Vitapex(Neo Dental, Japan) as a oily vehicle paste and IRM(Caulk Dentsply, USA) in replantation of rat molar. A total of 31 maxillary first molars of Sprague-Dawley female rats, 30 days old were used. The upper 1st molar was extracted and the mesiobuccal canal was filled with mixture of saline and calcium hydroxide, Metapaste, Vitapex. IRM and then replanted. Rats were sacrificed 3 weeks after replantation. the maxillae were removed. section of 4 micron were cut and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Apical tissue response were observed under light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. Saline mixing group and Metapaste group were significant different in fibrous capsule width compared to Vitapex group and IRM group(P<0.05). 2. Saline mixing group. Metapaste group. Vitapex group and IRM group did not prevent root resorption and there were no statistical difference. 3. In saline mixing group and Metapaste group. loss of pastes were observed in all samples. From the results of our study. we observed loss of pastes in saline mixing group and Metapaste group because of water soluble property and assumed it was related to inflammation in apical area and sealing ability of material. So, we should study and develop calcium hydroxide vehicle which is easily removed and more stable and because of only 3 weeks observation we need more evaluation in long period.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.343-350
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• 2019

Objectives: This study aims to identify whether ventilation conditions and their effectiveness can be significantly improved in an experimental chamber by increasing the mixing factor (K-Factor). Methods: In a chamber with a volume of $1m^3$, air velocity was measured at six different points with four roof fans in the upper part of the chamber being operated in order. The impact of the ventilation conditions was analyzed when the flow rates were increasing and the first inlet of the chamber was either open or closed. Smoke patterns were also observed at four corner points where ventilation was limited. Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were performed to compare air velocities measured in the chamber. Results: The air velocities measured at only the third point increased significantly from $0.03{\pm}0.03m/s$ (door open) and $0.05{\pm}0.06m/s$ (door closed) with two fans, $0.08{\pm}0.08m/s$ with three fans, and $0.09{\pm}0.09m/s$ with four fans operating (p<0.05). However, air velocities at the four corner points did not significantly increase. Smoke patters also showed that the open inlet of the chamber had no effect on improvement of ventilation conditions and effectiveness. Conclusions: In this study, the air velocities at six points in the chamber did not significantly increase despite the increase in the mixing factor and flow rates of ventilation in the controlled environment. Therefore, the inflow of outdoor air throughout an open inlet and installation of a forced ventilation system can potentially increase the indoor air velocity and improve ventilation condition without an increase in the mixing factor.

• Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.353-360
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• 2009

Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential elements of the phospholipids that are involved in the formation of plant cell membranes. Phosphorus is highly immobile in soils and is often a limiting nutrient for plant growth. Phosphorus mobility and availability varies with several factors such as application frequency, placement in the soil, and the amount of irrigation or precipitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of P applications at level of 0, 146, and 293 $kg{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ at four mixing depths (0, 7.6, 15.2, and 22.9 cm )on the growth and establishment of Kentucky bluegrass (Poapratensis L.) in a sand-based system.Grass clipping samples were collectedevery two weeks, dried, and weighed. Total root dry weight, root organic matter, and tissue content of P were measured at the end of the study. Leachate was collected weekly and analyzed for total P concentration. No difference was found between application of P to the surface and to the 7.6 cm mixing depth. However, surface application with 146 and 293 kg $P{\cdot}ha^{-1}$ produced 8-10% and 16-20% more P in tissue than subsurface applications, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.358-372
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• 1987

This study was performed to obtain data which can be applied to use of water-proof mortars. The data was based on the properties of water-proof mortars depending upon various mixing ratios to compare those of cement mortar. The water-proof agents used were retard and accelerate type which are being used as mortar structures. The water-proof agents, mixing ratios of cement to fine aggregate were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3 and 1:4. The results obtained were summarised as follows; 1. The results of flow test, water-cement ratio was increased with the increasing of mixing ratio. 2. The permeability were increased in poorer mixing ratio and higher water pressure. 3. The bulk density was decreased with the increasing of mixing ratio, and compressive and tensile strength were increased with increasing of the bulk density. 4. At 1:1 mixing ratio, the highest strengths were showed and strengths were decreased with the increasing of mixing ratio. 5. The absorption rates were increased in- poorer mixing ratio 6. The correlation between W/C, permeability, bulk density, compressive strength and absorption rate were highly significant as a straight line, respectively.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.547-554
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• 2006

The overall objective of this research was to find out the role of rapid mixing conditions in the species of hydrolyzed Al(III) formed by Al(III) coagulants and to evaluate the distribution of hydrolyzed Al(III) species by coagulant dose and coagulation pH. When an Al(III) salt was added to water, monomeric Al(III), polymeric Al(III), precipitate Al(III) was formed by Al(III) hydrolysis. The method of hydrolyzed Al(III) species characterization analysis was based on timed spectrophotometer with ferron as a color developing reagent. The hydrolytic species were divided into monomer, polymer, precipitate from the reaction kinetics. And then, the color intensity for monomeric Al(III) was read 3 min after mixing. With standard Al solution containing monomeric Al(III) only, the Al-ferron color intensity slightly increased with until about 3 min. During the rapid mixing period, for purewater, formation of dissolved Al(III) (monomer and polymer) was similar to rapid mixing condition, but for raw water, the species of Al(III) hydrolysis showed different result. During the rapid mixing period, for high coagulant dose, Al-ferron reaction increases rapidly. The kinetic constants, Ka and Kb, derived from Al-ferron reaction. The kinetic constants followed very well the defined tendencies for coagulation condition. For pure water, when the rapid mixing time increased, the kinetic constants, Ka and Kb showed lower values. Also, for raw water, when the rapid mixing time increased, the kinetic constants, Ka and Kb showed lower values.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.117-123
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• 2011

This study aims to suggest a suitable soil thickness and soil mixture ratio of a green roof system by verifying the growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum as affected by different green roof systems using rainwater. The experimental planting grounds were made with different soil thicknesses(15cm, 25cm) and soil mixing ratios (SL, $P_7P_1L_2$, $P_6P_2L_2$, $P_5P_3L_2$, $P_4P_4L_2$) and with excellent drought tolerance. Ornamental value Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum was planted. The change in plant height, green coverage ratio, chlorophyll content, fresh weight, dry weight, and dry T/R ratio of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum were investigated from April to October 2009. For 15cm soil thickness, the plant height of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum was not significantly different as affected by the soil mixing ratio. However, it was found to be higher in the amended soil mixture, $P_7P_1L_2$, $P_6P_2L_2$, $P_5P_3L_2$ and $P_4P_4L_2$ than in the sandy loam soil, as it was SL overall. For 25cm soil the plant height differences were in order to SL < $P_7P_1L_2$, $P_6P_2L_2$, $P_5P_3L_2$ < $P_4P_4L_2$. The green coverage ratio was observed not to be different by soil mixing ratio with soil thickness of 15cm, but, the lowest green coverage ratio in the SL. In the 25cm soil thickness, the green coverage ratio was 86-89% with a good coverage rate overall. The change in chlorophyll contents with 15cm soil thickness was found to be the highest in the SL treatment and the lowest in the $P_5P_3L_2$ treatment. For 25cm thickness, the highest value was in the $P_4P_4L_2$ and SL, and the lowest in the$P_7P_1L_2$. Fresh weight and dry weight were larger in soil with 25cm thickness. Therefore, the growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum as affected by a different green roof system for using rainwater was higher in soil with 25cm thickness than 15cm, and in PPL amended soil than in sandy loam.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.345-349
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• 2008

To enhance the value as a feedstuff of distiller's dried grain (DDG) and develop fermented feedstuff, we investigated the effects of the culture conditions affecting glucoamylase activity, such as pH in submerged culture and moisture content in solid-state culture. Also, we investigated the optimal mixing ratio of DDG and wheat bran for the production of fermented feedstuff containing high content of amino acids. In culture conditions for high fermented activity, pH and moisture were optimum at pH 4 and 60%, respectively. In the case of mixing ratio, the glucoamylase activity was decreased with increase of DDG content. On the other hand, the content of crude protein was increased slowly. For the development of fermented feedstuff, the optimal mixing ratio of DDG and wheat bran was 1 to 4. Finally, we could produce approximately 1 ton (dry matter) of trial product in incubator of pilot-scale. The glucoamylase activity and the crude protein content were 1,024 U/g and 33.6%, respectively.