• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2008

This study investigated the effect of Rehmanniae Radix preparata extract on the antioxidant enzymes of kidney and renal function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups including normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), and diabetic treatment with Rehmanniae Radix preparata (DRR). Over a 4-week study period, Rehmanniae Radix preparata aqueous extract was administered orally at 1124 mg/kg BW/day. The serum glucose level in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the DC group. The serum blood urea nitrogen in diabetic groups was significantly higher (P<0.001) than the NC group. The urinary total protein level in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.05) than the DC group. The renal xanthine oxidase activity in the DRR group was significantly lower (P<0.01) than the DC group. The renal catalase activity in the DC group was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the NC group and that was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the DRR group than the DC group. In conclusion, these results indicated that Rehmanniae Radix preparata can prevent or retard the development of diabetic nephropathy via its beneficial effects for correcting the hyperglycemia and favorable effects on antioxidant enzyme system.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.293-301
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the kinematic difference between skilled and less skilled group for the forward walk at dance sports rumba. Six female players(skilled group: 3, less skilled group: 3) were participated as the subjects. To obtain the three-dimensional location coordinates in the joints and segments, it shot with 100Hz/s using 8 video cameras. Step length, shoulder rotation angle, orientation angle and angular velocity of pelvis were analyzed for each trail. The skilled group showed a bigger movement than the less skilled group at the shoulder rotation angle and ROM. The skilled group showed a bigger movement than the less skilled group at the up/down obliquity and internal/external rotation movement for pelvis. And the skilled group showed a bigger movement than the less skilled group at Maximum angle (down obliquity) of P2 and Maximum angle (up obliquity) of P3 to pelvis ROM. The skilled group showed a faster angular velocity than the less skilled group at P2 (+ direction, posterior) of anterior & posterior tilt, P2 & P3 (- direction, up) of up & down obliquity, and P2 (+ direction, external) of internal & external rotation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3447-3450
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• 2015

Objective: To explore the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy drugs in elderly patients and its correlation with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in cancer tissue. Materials and Methods: Forty-three elderly patients with gastric cancer (observation group) and 31 young patients with gastrointestinal tumors (control group) who were all diagnosed by pathology and underwent surgery in the 89th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army were selected. Drug sensitivity testing of tumor cells in primary culture was carried out in both groups using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method, and the expression of COX-2 and the factors related to multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer tissue were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: The inhibition rates (IR) of vincristine (VCR), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), oxaliplatin (L-OHP), mitomycin (MMC) and epirubicin (eADM) on tumor cells in the observation group were dramatically lower than in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The positive rates of COX-2, glutathione s-transferase-${\pi}$ (GST-${\pi}$) and P glycoprotein (P-gp) expression in cancer tissue in the observation group were all higher than in control group (P<0.05), while that of DNA topoisomerase $II{\alpha}$ ($TopoII{\alpha}$) expression lower than in the control group (P<0.01). In the observation group, COX-2 expression in cancer tissue had a significantly-positive correlation with GST-${\pi}$ and P-gp (r=0.855, P=0.000; r=0.240, P=0.026), but a negative correlation with $TopoII{\alpha}$ (r=-0.328, P=0.002). In the control group, COX-2 expression in cancer tissue was only correlated with P-gp positively (r=0.320, P=0.011). Bivariate correlation analysis displayed that COX-2 expression in cancer tissue in the observation group had a significantly-negative correlation with the IRs of 5-FU, L-OHP, paclitaxel (PTX) and eADM in tumor cells (r=-0.723, P=0.000; r=-0.570, P=0.000; r=-0.919, P=0.000; r=-0.781, P=0.000), but with hydroxycamptothecine (HCPT), VCR and 5-FU in the control group (r=-0.915, P=0.000; r=-0.890, P=0.000; r=-0.949, P=0.000). Conclusions: Gastric cancer cells in elderly patients feature stronger MDR, which may be related to high COX-2 expression.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.175-188
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the cold air application for release of inflamation and pain in patient with acute rheumatoid arthritis who had taken medication(NSAIDs, DMARDs, corticosteroids). The participants had knee joint pain and ESR score over the 30. They were randomly assigned to three groups with each 15. Control group(group I ) were applied cold air and medication, experimental group II were applied hot pack and medication. and experimental group III were applied only medication. They were evaluated from April 1, 2000 to september 1,2000 ,and it was examined by ESR and VAS(visual analoge scale) in Lee Bang Hoon rehabilitation medicine clinic in Jeju Korea. The result of this study were as follow: 1. It was found that group 1, group II and group III had the statistically significant reduction of the ESR score according to treatment time(p<.05). 2. There were not statistically significant differences in ESR change pattern of each group according to treatment time(p>.05). 3. There were not statistically significant differences in the change of ESR according to treatment time between group I and group II , group I and group III , and group II and group III (p<.05). 4. It was found that group I . group II and group III had the statistically significant reduction of the VAS(Visual Analoge Scale) score according to treatment time(p<.05). 5. There were statistically significant differences in VAS score according to treatment time between control group(group I ) and experimental groups(group II and group III)(p<.05), but there were not stsiistically significant differences between experimental groups(p>.05).

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.964-972
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• 1998

연구배경 : 본 연구의 목적은 체외순환전 투여한 고용량 transamine이 술후 출혈 및 수혈을 포함한 여러 가지 혈액학적 상황에 미치는 임상적 효과를 자체적으로 조사함에 있다. 재료 및 방법 : 본 연구는 무작위로 선택한 40명의 성인 개심술 환자들을 대상으로 시행되었다. 대상환자들을 두 그룹으로 나누었는데, Transmine 군(T-군, n=20)은 체외순환전 및 동안 고용량(10 g) transamine을 투여한 환자군 이고 Placebo 군(P-군, n=20)은 일정량의 생리식염수를 투여한 환자군이다. 결과 : \circled1 체외순환 동안 섬유소원의 농도 및 혈소판수는 P-군이 T-군 보다 의미있게 낮았다 (p<0.01). \circled2 체외순환 동안 D-dimer는 P-군의 경우 20명 중 18명에서 검출되었으나 T-군에서는 전혀 검출되지 않아 양군간 유의한 차이가 있었다( p<0.0001). \circled3 체외순환 종료시 기준치에 대한 섬유소원의 농도 및 혈소판수의 백분률이 T-군에서는 70.2$\pm$3.9%, 72.4$\pm$4.5%인데 비해 P-군에서는 54.5$\pm$4.0%, 64.3$\pm$2.9%로서 T-군이 P-군 보다 의미있게 더 높았다( p<0.01). \circled4 술후 PT 및 aPTT의 실측치가 T-군에서는 14.0$\pm$0.0초 및 27.6$\pm$0.1초였고 P-군에서는 16.4$\pm$0.0, 30.1$\pm$0.1초로서 T-군이 P-군보다 의미있게 더 낮았다( p<0.05). \circled5 시간대별 술후 출혈량과 술후 전혈 혹은 혈액제재의 튜여량 모두 T-군이 P-군에 비하여 유의하게 적었다( p<0.01). \circled6 양군 모두에서 뇌색전증, 심근경색, 폐색전증등과 같은 과응고 반응에 기인하는 합병증은 관찰되지 않았다. 결론 : 이상의 결과로 미루어 술전 고용량 transamine 투여는 체외순환 동안 섬유소 용해계의 활성을 억제해 주고 혈액제제 투여량을 감소시켜 주었으며 고용량투여에 의한 합병증도 나타나지 않았기 때문에 transamin은 술후 출혈을 줄이기 위한 안전하고 효과적인 약물인 것으로 사료되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1070-1077
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to measure the counseling effects for diabetes mellitus patients. To measure the effects of the nutrition counseling, 40(13 men and 27 women) outpatients with diabetes mellitus were selected and they were randomly assigned to either the counseling group or non counseling group. Twenty-one counseling group patients received nutrition counseling weekly for 6 weeks and 19 patients served as non counseling group(control group) did not received counseling over same study period. The results of this study can be summerized as follows : 1) The food attitude score of the counseling group significantly increased from 61.9$\pm$15.9 prior to counseling to 87.0$\pm$7.8 after counseling (p<0.001). 2) Fasting blood glucose level and postgrandial blood glucose level also showed significant difference between two groups(p<0.01). In the counseling group, the fasting blood glucose level significantly decreased from 163.5$\pm$48.6mg/dl to 142.3$\pm$40.6mg/dl(p<0.01), and the postgrandial blood glucose level significantly decreased from 281.3$\pm$105.1mg/dl(p<0.001). 3) There was a significant difference of glycosylated hemoglobin between the two groups(p<0.005), and the glycosylated hemoglobin level of counseling group significantly decreased from 11.2$\pm$2.9% to 9.7$\pm$3.6%(p<0.005). 4) There was a significant correlation between the food attitude score difference and the glycosylated hemoglobin level difference in counseling group(p<0.05).

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.49-53
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• 1969

The distribution of radiophosphorus ($^{32}P$) was observed in three groups of female Albino tat consisted of early pregnancy group (10 days of pregnancy), late pregnancy group (18 days of pregnancy) and nonpregnanted control group. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The various sites arranged in the descending of absorption rate of $^{32}P$ were femur, mandible, liver, spleen, ovary, fetus (only from early pregnancy group) and kidney in both groups of non-pregnanted and early pregnancy and femur, mandible, fetus, liver, ovary, spleen and kidney in the late pregnancy group. 2. The significant difference (P<0.05) in the absorption rate was found between femur and mandible in the early pregnancy group. 3. The absorption rate of fetus from late pregnancy group was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that of fetus from the early pregnancy group. 4. The high absorption rate was observed with femur and mandible in both groups of non-pregnanted and early pregnancy. 5. The significantly (P<0.01) high absorption rate was observed with ovary and fetus from the late pregnancy group.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.388-399
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate whether applying mind mapping in a biology class had an effect on students' creativity. Participants of this study were 165 1st grade middle school students. The pretest-post test control group design was employed. A control group was instructed with a traditional method and an exerimental group was instructed using the mind-map applied method. The units "Digestion and Circulation" and "Respiration and Excretion" were selected for this study, and each group was treated for 24 class hours. To measure student creativity, the TTCT test was used. For assessing students' level of logical thinking, the compact version of GALT was used. Test results were analyzed by ANCOVA and correlation analysis by SPSS 12.0. The creativity of students in experimental group was significantly improved than the control group (p< .01). Fluency, flexibility, and originality of students in experimental group were improved (p< .01). Students did not show any differences on creativity according to their academic achievement level or gender (p> .05) in the experimental group. Students did not show any differences on creativity according to their logical thinking level (p> .05), either. However, the students of logical thinking level in the experimental group improved their flexibility (p< .05). There was no correlation between students' creativity and their achievement (p> .05), but the creativity shows a lower correlation to performance evaluation (p< .05).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.145-161
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture at Joksanmi($ST_{36}$) on Rat's aging by experimental methods. Methods : The author performed several experimental procedures to observe the effects of the EC-HAS at the arthritis. First, I measured the cell survival rate of the mice lung fibroblasts. Second, the incidence rate of arthritis and arthritis index of CIA were analyzed. Third, the levels of IL-6, $INF-{\gamma}$ , $INF-{\alpha}$ , $IL-1{\beta}$, IgG, IgM and anti-collagen II were measured in serum and the level of $INF-{\gamma}$, $INF-{\gamma}$/IL-4 ratio in the CIA mouse spleen cell culture. Fourth, histological analysis of the mice joint was performed. Fifth, the expression ratio of $CD3e^+$ cells to $CD19^+$ cells, $CD4^+$ cells to $CD8^+$ cells, $CD11a^+CD19^+$ cells, $CD4^+CD25^+$ cells, $CD3^+CD69^+$ cells, and $CD11b^+Gr-1^+$ cells were checked. Results: 1. The hematocrit was meaningfully (p<0.01, p<0.05) decreased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the control and sham group. 2. The glucose, ALP were meaningfully (p<0.05, p<0.05) decreased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the control group. 3. In the activation of hepatic antioxidase, the catalase was meaningfully (p<0.01) increased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the control group. 4. In the liver, the NO formation was meaningfully (p<0.001) decreased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the nomal, control and sham group. 5. In the activation of splenetic antioxidase, the GSH was meaningfully (p<0.01) increased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the sham group, and the catalase was meaningfully (p<0.001) increased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the control group. 6. In the spleen, the MDA formation was meaningfully (p<0.01, p<0.05) decreased in $ST_{36}$ group in comparison with the control and sham group. 7. In the spleen cell culture, the levels of IL-6 was meaningfully (p<0.05) decreased in comparison with the sham group, $INF-{\gamma}$( was meaningfully (p<0.05) increased in comparison with the control group. Conclusions: According to the results, it is considered that electroacupuncture at Joksamni($ST_{36}$) is effective in increasing the activities of antioxidative enzyme and inhibiting lipid peroxides, and has an immunomodulatory reaction. In conclusion, it han an significant anti-aging effect and need more experimental study.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.1-19
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify influence that eye movement have an effect on postural control and balance performance by plegia side of the impaired patients of central nervous system. Subjects are patients with the impairment of central nervous system and experimental and control groups are forty people and thirty people seperatively, Total subjects were selected to seventy persons, but twelve persons of experimental group quit during the experimental periods and eight persons of control group did not measure after exercise. Therefore, twenty eight persons of experimental group and twenty two persons of control group were selected in this study and experimental group peformed eye movement for eight weeks according to the exercise program of this study. The measurement of dependent variable is right static balance, left static balance, bilateral static balance, and bilateral dynamic balance before exercise and after eighth week of exercise, examiner again measured and analyzed the results. The results were as follows: 1. As the result of comparing balance performance ability after test of the experimental and control group with right hemiplegia and control group, all of static balance performance ability of right side (p < 0.01), static balance performance ability of left side (p < 0.01), static balance performance ability of bilateral side(p < 0.01), dynamic balance performance ability of bilateral side(p < 0.05) of experimental group were statistically greater improved than those of the control group. 2. As the result of comparing balance performance ability after test of the experimental and control group with left hemiplegia and control group, all of static balance performance ability of right side (p < 0.01), static balance performance ability of left side (p < 0.01), static balance performance ability of bilateral side(p < 0.05), dynamic balance performance ability of bilateral side(p < 0.05) of experimental group were statistically greater improved than those of the control group.