• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.139-144
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• 2013

Objective : Transient anterograde amnesia is occasionally observed in a number of conditions, including migraine, focal ischemia, venous flow abnormalities, and after general anesthesia. The inhalation anesthetic, isoflurane, is known to induce transient anterograde amnesia. We examined the involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) in the underlying mechanisms of the isoflurane-induced transient anterograde amnesia. Methods : Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups : the control group, the 10 minutes after recovery from isoflurane anesthesia group, and the 2 hours after recovery from isoflurane anesthesia group (n=8 in each group). The rats in the isoflurane-exposed groups were anesthetized with 1.2% isoflurane in 75% nitrous oxide and 25% oxygen for 2 hours in a Plexiglas anesthetizing chamber. Short-term memory was determined using the step-down avoidance task. BDNF and TrkB expressions in the hippocampus were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and western blot analysis. Results : Latency in the step-down avoidance task was decreased 10 minutes after recovery from isoflurane anesthesia, whereas it recovered to the control level 2 hours after isoflurane anesthesia. The expressions of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus were decreased immediately after isoflurane anesthesia but were increased 2 hours after isoflurane anesthesia. Conclusion : In this study, isoflurane anesthesia induced transient anterograde amnesia, and the expressions of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus might be involved in the underlying mechanisms of this transient anterograde amnesia.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.260-264
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• 2002

저자들은 비호즈킨 림프종 환자에서 bleomycin, doxorubicin, prednisolone, cyclophosphamide의 복합 항암화학요법을 시행하던 중, bleomycin 축적 용량 90단위에서 중증의 폐독성이 빠르게 진행하는 급성호흡부전의 형태로 발생하여 기계호흡 등의 보존적 치료 후 폐 섬유화 소견을 남기고 회복하는 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.740-746
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• 2001

Background : A 35-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room with sudden dyspnea that developed one day prior. The initial Chest X-ray showed multiple bullous changes at the right middle and lower lung field and long standing fibrotic tuberculous changes at the right upper lung field. The left lung field was totally collapsed by an fibrotic old tuberculous lesion. In spite of supportive medical care with oxygen therapy after admission, the radiographic lesions were no significant change but the respiratory distress had worsened. The patient suffered respiratory failure and received mechanical ventilatory support. The HRCT showed a localized tension pneumothorax mimicking multiple giant bullae at the right lower lung field. Immediately after a closed thoracostomy with a 32 French chest tube and air drainage, her vital signs and dyspnea were gradually improved. The patient was successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation after 5 days of mechanical ventilatory support. The patient had received talc pleurodesis through a chest tube to prevent the recurrence of the life-threatening localized pneumothorax. The patient was discharged without recurrence of the pneumothorax.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.16-20
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• 2017

This study investigated the antioxidant activity of functional beverage concentrates containing herbal medicine extracts (FBCH) using various antioxidant assays, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, and reducing power assay. The total polyphenolic content of FBCH (81.45 mg/100 g) was higher than Ssanghwa tea (SHT, 37.56 mg/100 g). The antioxidant activities of FBCH showed 52.92% DPPH and 55.18% ABTS radical scavenging activities at 100 mg/mL, respectively. FBCH showed significantly higher antioxidant activities compared to the SHT (DPPH, 23.43%; ABTS, 22.21%; reducing power optical density; 0.23, P<0.05). In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species generation significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner following FBCH treatment. These results suggest that the addition of herbal medicine extract contributes to the improved functionality of beverage concentrates.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2010

Enterococcus faecalis, a gram-positive bacterium, has been implicated in endodontic infections, particularly in chronic apical periodontitis. Proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$), are involved in the pathogenesis of these apical lesions. E. faecalis has been reported to stimulate macrophages to produce TNF-$\alpha$. The present study investigated the mechanisms involved in TNF-$\alpha$ production by a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 in response to exposure to E. faecalis. Both live and heat-killed E. faecalis induced high levels of gene expression and protein release of TNF-$\alpha$. Treatment of RAW 264.7 cells with cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of endocytosis, prevented the mRNA up-regulation of TNF-$\alpha$ by E. faecalis. In addition, antioxidant treatment reduced TNF-$\alpha$ production to baseline levels. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase also significantly attenuated E. faecalis-induced TNF-$\alpha$ expression by RAW 264.7 cells. Furthermore, activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ and AP-1 in RAW 264.7 cells was also stimulated by E. faecalis. These results suggest that the phagocytic uptake of bacteria is necessary for the induction of TNF-$\alpha$ in E. faecalis-stimulated macrophages, and that the underlying intracellular signaling pathways involve reactive oxygen species, ERK, p38 MAP kinase, NF-${\kappa}B$, and AP-1.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.223-231
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• 2017

본 연구는 핵심간호술 강화프로그램이 간호학생의 간호술 수행능력에 미치는 효과를 융합적으로 검증하여 간호학생의 수행능력을 증진시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 실시하였다. 첫 임상실습을 앞둔 간호학생을 대상으로 7개 핵심간호술(활력징후 측정, 경구투약, 근육주사, 피하주사, 단순도뇨, 배출관장, 비강캐뉼라를 이용한 산소요법)을 선정하여 2015년 1월 19일부터 23일까지 5일간 핵심간호술 강화프로그램을 실시하였다. 연구에 참여한 158명의 자료는 서술적 분석과 짝비교 검정을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과, 핵심간호술 강화프로그램 후 간호학생의 간호술 수행능력 점수는 모두 유의하게 증가하였고 자신감과 문제해결능력에서 사전보다 사후 값이 통계적으로 유의하게 증가되었다. 또한 총 수행능력과 관련변수들 간에는 양의 상관관계가 있는 것으로 확인되어 프로그램이 간호학생의 간호술 수행능력 향상에 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

Purpose: The present study has two aims; firstly, it attempts to verify the presence of oxidative stress by estimating the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in periodontal pockets ${\geq}5$ mm as compared to controls. The second aim is to evaluate the effect of lycopene as a locally delivered antioxidant gel on periodontal health and on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of oxidative injury. Methods: Thirty-one subjects participated in this study. In the pretreatment phase, the ROS levels in pockets ${\geq}5$ mm were measured by flow cytometry. Three sites in each subject were randomly assigned into each of the following experimental groups: sham group, only scaling and root planing (SRP) was done; placebo group, local delivery of placebo gel after SRP; and lycopene group, local delivery of lycopene gel after SRP. Clinical parameters included recording site-specific measures of GCF 8-OHdG, plaque, gingivitis, probing depth, and clinical attachment level. Results: The gel, when delivered to the sites with oxidative stress, was effective in increasing clinical attachment and in reducing gingival inflammation, probing depth, and 8-OHdG levels as compared to the placebo and sham sites. Conclusions: From this trial conducted over a period of 6 months, it was found that locally delivered lycopene seems to be effective in reducing the measures of oxidative stress and periodontal disease.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Objectives : Oxidation by active oxygen in the body, phototoxicity and photoallergic interest has grown, antioxidant and phototoxicity inhibiting substances for research progress. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on antioxidant and phototoxicity of Rubus coreanus Fruits. Meterial and Methods : Hs68 cell lines using the DPPH radical scavenging activity, cytotoxic, phototoxic inhibitory activity and apoptosis were measured. Results : 1. In MTT assay, the concentrations of Rubus coreanus Fruits that were used on the test had no cytotoxicity. 2. In DPPH radical scavenging activity, the concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$, $100{\mu}g/ml$ anti-oxidant effect of Rubus coreanus Fruits was statistically significant increased than control group in dose-dependantly. 3. In phototoxic inhibitory activity, Rubus coreanus Fruits dose-dependently increased the cell viability of Hs68 cell lines. 4. The concentration of $50{\mu}g/ml$ Rubus coreanus Fruits inhibited the enrichment of nucleus in the Hs68 cell stimulated with UVB. Conclusions : These results indicate that Rubus coreanus Fruits has anti-oxidant effects and Phototoxic Inhibitory Activity. If further study is performed, the use of Rubus coreanus Fruits will be valuable and beneficial in the therapy of skin aging and damage.

• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2005

Purpose: The frequency of carbon monoxide poisoning has been decreased in the interior of the Korea. But occasionally it is occurred and the risk of exposure is high in working place so far. Because of the characteristics of gas, the detection of exposure and poisoning could be delayed and fatality is high. We should apprehend of carbon monoxide poisoning. So we would report analysis of patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: A retrospective review of CO poisoned patients visited emergency department from January 2000 to December 2004 was conducted. Results: 24 patients were enrolled. Their average of age was $37.6\pm20.9$ years old and COHb was $19.4\pm13.32\%$. The blood level of initial COHb and mental status on arrival were not correlated each other. The blood level of initial COHb and loss of consciousness were not correlated, too. Initial electrocardiography (EKG) was not correlated with cardiac enzymes such as CK-MB and troponin I. But base excess was correlated with mental status on arrival and complication such as rhabdomyolysis. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was correlated with base excess and mental status on arrival. Conclusion: The clinical features of carbon monoxide poisoning are nonspecific. For proper diagnosis, it is important that we should consider patient's environment and take patient's history carefully. The blood level of initial COHb does not reflect severity of poisoning accurately. So We should determine the treatment of choice depending on patient's status.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.289-293
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• 2015

A 38-year-old male was admitted with symptoms of upper respiratory infection. Despite medical treatment, his symptoms of dyspnea and anxiety became aggravated, and bilateral lung infiltration was noted on radiological imaging studies. His hypoxemia failed to improve even after the application of endotracheal intubation with mechanical ventilator care, and we therefore decided to initiate venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) for additional pulmonary support. On his twentieth day of hospitalization, hypotension and desaturation (arterial saturated oxygen <85%) developed, and right ventricular failure was confirmed by two-dimensional echocardiography. Therefore, we changed from VV ECMO to venoarteriovenous (VAV) ECMO, and the patient ultimately recovered. In this case, right ventricular dysfunction and volume overloading were induced by long-term VV ECMO therapy, and we successfully treated these conditions by changing to VAV ECMO.