• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.391-416
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• 2018

The purpose of this article is to strengthen concrete structures using buckling and non-buckling braces. Connection plates are modeled in three shapes including the effect of 1.5t hinge zone length, 2t one and without the zone (1.5t-CP, 2t-CP and WCP). According to the verification performed with ABAQUS software, the connection plates which are superior in ductility and strengthening are found. The results show adding steel braces in concrete moment frames increase the strength and stiffness of the structures up to about 12 and 3 times, respectively. The frame strength increased about 21 and 25 percent with considering the effect of 2t hinge length in connection plates compared to 1.5t-CPs and WCPs. Also the ductility of retrofitted frames with 2t-CP improved 2.06 times more than WCP ones. Thus, 2t-CP sample is the best choice for connecting steel braces to concrete moment frames for retrofitting them. Afterwards, optimum conditions for elemental coating in braces with no buckling are assessed. The length of concrete coatings could be reduced about 30 percent, and buckling did not occur. Therefore, the weight of restraining coating decreased, and its performance improved. It is worth noting that BRBs could be constructed with only steel materials, which have outer steel tubes too. In fact, only the square cross sections of the tube profiles are appropriate for removing the filler concrete, and the rectangular ones are prone to buckle around their weak axis.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.313-330
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate the metatheatricality of Harris' plays marked by the device of 'play-within-a-play' - Androcles and the Lion, Arkansaw Bear, and Punch and Judy. In his metatheatrical plays Harris shows that characters perform for themselves and others. The framework that inner performance is going on within the outer frame play is formed on the stage, and this device reminds the audience in the seats that they are representing reality but that they are only in the middle of performing on the stage. Based on this point of view, this study explores fictionality of character, and play. In Androcles and the Lion, the most-performed children's play in America, the metatheatrical elements are shown in the style of commedia dell'arte, which attacks the rigidity of characters' identity in the Roman society. Another well-known children's play, Arkansaw Bear consists of realistic frame play and fantastic inner play in the mind of a girl, both of which function as a mirror each other and help to sustain aesthetic distance to death and reality on the stage. In Punch and Judy, the structure of frame play and inner puppet play reminds that what's going on in the play is just a fictional play and reflects history of children's puppet show. Harris' unique metatheatricality, the heightened awareness of his own artistic medium, offers children educational opportunity to learn about how a play is performed on the stage and contributes to convey mature theme through children's imaginary participation in the process of playmaking on the stage.

• 산업진흥연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

본 연구는 분전반 또는 배전반에 설치되는 부스바(busbar)의 절연 피복을 절단하는 커팅기에 관한 기술로써, 연구 결과, 첫째, 커팅기 상부와 하부에 각각 레이저기가 부착된 하우징을 포함하는 커팅유닛 및 프레임의 상부에 설치되고, 부스바의 피복 커팅거리를 조절하는 스토퍼로 구성된 것이 특징인 부스바 피복 레이저 커팅기이다. 둘째, 프레임은, 테이블의 후방 측 단부에 위치하도록 상부에 길이 방향으로 가이드 바가 놓여 설치되고 상부 중간 부분에서 전방과 후방에 각각 수직 상으로 포스트가 설치되며, 전방 포스트의 외측부에 위치하도록 테이블에 커팅 홀이 형성된 것이 특징이다. 셋째, 서포터는, 프레임에 배치된 가이드 바의 상부에 고정 설치되고, 실린더와 지지 판으로 구성된 것이 특징이다. 본 연구의 의미는 작업자의 안전사고를 방지하며, 커팅 작업의 효율성을 높이고, 부스바의 표면에 흠집이 발생하는 것을 방지하는 효과가 있다는데 연구의 의미를 찾을 수 있었다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.461-473
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• 2022

Energy-saving block and invisible multiribbed frame composite wall (EBIMFCW) is an important shear wall, which is composed of energy-saving blocks, steel bars and concrete. This paper conducted seismic performance tests on six 1/2-scale EBIMFCW specimens, analyzed their failure process under horizontal reciprocating load, and studied the effect of axial compression ratio on the wall's hysteresis curve and skeleton curve, ductility, energy dissipation capacity, stiffness degradation, bearing capacity degradation. A formula for calculating the peak bearing capacity of such walls was proposed. Results showed that the EBIMFCW had experienced a long time deformation from cracking to failure and exhibited signs of failure. The three seismic fortification lines of the energy-saving block, internal multiribbed frame, and outer multiribbed frame sequentially played important roles. With the increase in axial compression ratio, the peak bearing capacity and ductility of the wall increased, whereas the initial stiffness decreased. The change in axial compression ratio had a small effect on the energy dissipation capacity of the wall. In the early stage of loading, the influence of axial compression ratio on wall stiffness and strength degradation was unremarkable. In the later stage of loading, the stiffness and strength degradation of walls with high axial compression ratio were low. The displacement ductility coefficients of the wall under vertical pressure were more than 3.0 indicating that this wall type has good deformation ability. The limit values of elastic displacement angle under weak earthquake and elastic-plastic displacement angle under strong earthquake of the EBIMFCW were1/800 and 1/80, respectively.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2013

목적: 안경테의 형판제작을 위한 자동취형기 개발을 위해 설계하고 제작하고자 한다. 방법: 자동취형기의 주요 설계도를 캐드로 그려서 제작에 필요한 정보를 얻었다. 이 데이터를 기본으로 자동취형기 개발을 위해 시제품을 제작하였다. 결과: 자동취형기는 형판가공부, 조작판넬, 안경테장착부, 탐침자부로 구성되었다. 형판가공부는 절삭부, 플라스틱 형판 고정부, 형판 이탈핀 그리고 형판 절삭시 소음을 최소화시키기 위한 방음덮개로 구성하였다. 조작판넬은 메인 P.C.B.와 서로 연결 및 작동되게 설계하였다. 탐침자가 $1.8^{\circ}$ 각도로 안경테 삽입부를 스캐닝해서 얻은 좌표값에 대한 엔코딩한 값을 통해 삽입부의 정보를 얻게 되었다. 스캐닝이 시작된 후에는 오른쪽 방향과 왼쪽방향으로 작동된다. 통신연결부는 RS232C 전송방식으로 자동취형기에서 외부 장치로 안경테 렌즈삽입부의 정보를 전송하여 형판 없이도 안경렌즈를 가공할 수 있었다. 형판의 절삭치수의 오차율을 평가하기 위해 일원배치분산분석한 결과 F값과 P값은 0.510과 0.601로 나와서, 자동 취형기에서 가공된 형판의 ${\Phi}22mm$, ${\Phi}55mm$ 그리고 ${\Phi}62mm$ 절삭 치수의 오차율은 크기에 따라 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 개발된 자동취형기의 평균 절삭 오차값은 0.0274 mm으로 나타났다. 결론: 자동취형기를 설계 및 제작하여 시제품 제작에 성공하였다. 자동취형기의 역할은 안경테를 측정하여 안경테에 맞는 정확한 렌즈삽입부의 크기를 얻는 것이다. 자동취형기로부터 얻어진 정보값은 외부장치로 보내져 형판 없이 안경렌즈를 연삭가공 한다. 또한, 시제품은 안경테에 맞는 형판을 만들 수 있다. 연구개발 된 시제품을 통해 안경사들이 편리하게 형판제작이 가능하고, 과거 보다 안경 조제가공이 보다 효율적이게 작업이 이루어질 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가시화정보학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.46-49
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• 2005

Vents at outer walls of a large factory building are very important for natural ventilation. But, if a full-open vent is used, rain comes through the vents. We tried to utilize the natural ventilation effectively using a louver. A 1/120 scale-down building model was placed inside an atmospheric boundary layer simulated in a wind tunnel test section. The effect of louver angle on the ventilation flow inside the factory building was investigated experimentally. Instantaneous velocity fields inside the building model were measured using a 2-frame PIV system with varying the louver angles ($\theta=20^{\circ},\;40^{\circ},\;60^{\circ}$). For the case of $\theta=60^{\circ}$, as the incoming flow into the factory building increases, the inside velocity distribution becomes uniformly.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2004년도 춘계 학술발표회 제16권1호
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• pp.184-187
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• 2004

There are many factors that generate the early deterioration of the concrete structure. As the one of the representative factors, we can think an invasion of the water, air and so on. The water and air invade in inside void along the capillarity and they become the cause that the durability like corrosion of layer department due to freezing and thawing, inside steel frame corrosion, and so on blacks. Therefore with covering permeability covering waterproofing material of fluid condition in outer wall, intercepting the deterioration factor due to the infiltration of water from outside and for salt damage of concrete layer department, freezing damage and neutralization, it needs to improve durability of structure. This study separately examined physical and chemical specific of quality liguid siliceous of waterproofing material. Therefore as this applys the construction site, it improves the durability of concrete structure. Further this presents the application plan from the construction market against the new material.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권2호통권95호
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• pp.194-200
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• 1999

An elastomeric bushing is a device used in automotive suspension systems to cushion the force transmitted from the wheel to the frame of the vehicle. A bushing is an elastomeric hollow cylinder which is bonded to a solid metal shaft at its inner surface and a metal sleeve at its outer surface. For axial motion case, the relation between the force applied to the shaft and their relative displacement was considered. In this paper, the relation between the moment applied to the shaft and their relative deformation(angle of rotation) is considered for the torsional motion case. Numerical solutions of the boundary value problem represent the exact bushing response for use in the method for determining the moment relaxation function of the bushing. Solutions also allow for comparison between the exact moment-deformation behavior and that predicted the proposed model. It is shown that the predictions of the proposed moment-deformation relation are in very good agreement with the exact results.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

More diversified and strengthened safety regulations require higher safety vehicle with less weight. The structural foam can play a role for restraining section distortion of main body members undergoing bending collapse at vehicle crash. In this study, using structural foam modeling technology, validated in previous work, the bending collapse characteristics were evaluated for two types of circular and actual vehicle body frame sections. With changing the foam filling method, outer panel thickness and section shape, load carrying capability and absorbed energy were observed. The results indicate valuable design strategy for effectively elevating bending collapse performance of body members with foam filled.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1993년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.49-54
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• 1993

This paper discusses the reliability of solder joints of electronic devices on printed circuit board. Solder application is usually done by screen printing method for the bonding between outer leads of devices and thick film(Ag/Pd) pattern on Hybrid IC as wel1 as Cu lands on PCB. As result of thermal stresses generated at the solder joints due to the differences of thermal expansion coefficients between packge body and PCB, Micro cracking often occurs due to thermal fatigue failure at solder joints. The initiation and the propagate of solder joint crack depends on the environmental conditions, such as storage temperature and thermal cycling. The principal mechanisms of the cracking pheno- mana are the formation of kirkendal void caused by the differences in diffusion rate of materials, ant the thermal fatigue effect due to the differences of thermal expansion coefficient between package body and PCB. Finally, This paper experimentally shows a way to supress solder joints cracks by using low-${\alpha}$ PCB and the packages with thin lead frame, and investigates the phenomena of diffusion near the bonding interfaces.