• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Navigation and Port Research Conference
• /
• 2004.11a
• /
• pp.323-328
• /
• 2004

According as the quantity of goods transported by ship is increasing about $7\%$ per year, a port environment is rapidly changing. To meet this situation successfully, the development of the next generation port loading and unloading system (LMTT) is studied. A Frame of shuttle car for LMTT(Linear Motor-based Transfer Technology) consist of three parts which are outer beam inner beam and cross boom. Outer boom supports a container and inner boom is a framework and cross boom reinforces outer and inner boom. In this study, we carried out the finite element analysis for the effect of cross boom on the strength and stiffness qf the frame according to the number if cross beam leading position of container, the distance ratio if inner boom from center.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• v.40 no.5
• /
• pp.15-24
• /
• 2002

The following research conclusions were made, relative to the experiments of the textiles of fire fighters Protective Clothing. 1. When the body protection efficiency such as the thickness, the strength and heat resistance are considered, Nomex(N) is tuned out the best outer shelf, Gore-tex(KG) the best moisture barrier, and Wool-felt(WC) the best thermal barrier. 2. In the hygienic and sanitary efficiency also, N is turned out the best outer shelf, KG the best moisture barrier, and WC the best thermal barrier in its degree of water resistance, water vapour permeability, and air permeability. 3. In the washing and maintenance efficiency, too. N is turned out the best outer shell, KG the best moisture barrier, and WC the best thermal barrier, being considered the material's rate of contraction, the changing rate of frame resistance, water resistance, and water vapour permeability. 4. When considered the frame resistance against the reflection tape and reflection efficiency, O is the best material for it marks the highest score in the frame resistance and reflective effect.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
• /
• v.3 no.2
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2014

This paper presents the determination of the structural system of the Changsha IFC T1 tower with 452 m in architectural height and 440.45 m in structural height. Sensitivity analyses are carried out by varying the location of belt trusses and outriggers. The enhancement of seismic capacity of the outer frame by reasonably adjusting the column size is confirmed based on parametric studies. The results from construction simulation including the non-load effect of structures demonstrate that the deformation of vertical members has little effect on the load-bearing capacity of belt trusses and outriggers. The elastoplastic time-history analysis shows that the overall structure under rare earthquake load remains in an elastic state. The influence of the frame shear ratio and frame overturning moment ratio on the proposed model and equivalent mega column model is investigated. It is found that the frame overturning moment ratio is more applicable for judging the resistance of the outer frame against lateral loads. Comparison is made on the variation of these two effects between a classical frame-core tube-outrigger structure and a structure with diagonal braces between super columns under rare earthquakes. The results indicate that plasticity development of the top core cube of the braced structure may be significantly improved.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.126-140
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the fashion design applying to the hoop, which have become various since 1980. To do this, this study is investigated the origin and the changes of the hoop historically, then classified its types, and finally analyze the collections from 1980 to 2003. The hoop was appeared on the late 15th century. Then in the mid 16th century, bell-shaped farthingale was prevailed, followed by drum-shaped wheel farthingale and hausse-cul in England and France. In the 17th century, slim silhouette was popular, so that the hoop declined gradually. In the 18th century, panier and panier double were introduced which is to make side-expanded skirt silhouette. In the 19th century, crinoline and bustle were created. The hoops applied to modern collections are used various materials, techniques, and forms. It is a main item of historicism which appeared in the trend of post-modernism and the phenomenon of applying underwear to an outer garment like corset. The hoop is adapted into three ways: only with the frame of hoop, wearing a skirt with some parts of the frame exposed on purpose, and wearing a skirt on the frame, thus not showing the frame. Thus, it is thought that wearing a hoop as a frame is used an element of recreation of past fashion, at the same time it was affected by historicism which is a branch of post-modernism. Applying the hoop as an outer garment may be affected by eroticism which changed underwear into an outer wear in postmodernism and deconstructivism.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.6 no.7
• /
• pp.793-810
• /
• 2010

This paper addresses the control issue of vibratory MEMS-based gyroscopes. This study considers a gyroscope that can be modeled by an inner mass attached to an outer mass by four springs and four dampers. The outer mass itself is attached to the rotating frame by an equal number of springs and dampers. In order to measure the angular rate of the rotating frame, a driving force is applied to the inner mass and the Coriolis force is sensed along the y-direction associated with the outer mass. Due to micro-fabrication imperfections, including anisoelasticity and damping effects, both gyroscopes do not allow accurate measurements, and therefore, it becomes necessary to devise feedback controllers to reduce the effects of such imperfections. Given an ideal gyroscope that meets certain performance specifications, a feedback control strategy is synthesized to reduce the error dynamics between the actual and ideal gyroscopes. For a dual-mass gyroscope, it is demonstrated that the error dynamics are remarkably decreased with the application of four actuators applied to both masses in the x and y directions. It is also shown that it is possible to reduce the error dynamics with only two actuators applied to the outer mass only. Simulation results are presented to prove the efficiency of the proposed control design.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.201-215
• /
• 2019

In this research, the behavior of tube-in-tube BRBs (TiTBRBs) has been investigated. In a typical TiTBRB, the yielding core tube is located inside the outer restraining one to dissipate energy through extensive plastic deformation, while the outer restraining tube remains essentially elastic. With the aid of FE analyses, the monotonic and cyclic behavior of the proposed TiTBRBs have been studied as individual brace elements. Subsequently, a detailed finite element model of a representative single span-single story frame equipped with such a TiTBRB has been constructed and both monotonic and cyclic behavior of the proposed TiTBRBs have been explored under the application of the AISC loading protocol at the braced frame level. With the aid of backbone curves derived from the FE analyses, a simplified frame model has been developed and verified through comparison with the results of the detailed FE model. It has been shown that, the simplified model is capable of predicting closely the cyclic behavior of the TiTBRB frame and hence can be used for design purposes. Considering type of connection detail used in a frame, the TiTBRB member which behave satisfactorily at the brace element level under cyclic loading conditions, may suffer global buckling due to the flexural demand exerted from the frame to the brace member at its ends. The proposed TiTBRB suit tubular members of offshore structures and the application of such TiTBRB in a typical offshore platform has been introduced and studied in a single frame level using detailed FE model.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• v.51 no.1
• /
• pp.67-88
• /
• 2014

It is shown that topology optimization is a valuable tool for the design of bridge girders. This paper is a follow-up to (Kuty${\l}$owski and Rasiak 2014) and it includes an analysis of truss members' outer dimensions dictated by the standards. Moreover, a frame bridge girder mapped from a selected topology is compared with a typical frame girder on the basis of (Kuty${\l}$owski and Rasiak 2014). The analysis shows that topology optimization by means of the proposed algorithm yields a topology from which one can map a frame bridge girder requiring less material for its construction than the typical frame girder currently used in bridge construction.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2003.07b
• /
• pp.965-968
• /
• 2003

This paper describes the PWM-VSI controller of three-phase UPS system using stationary reference frame. This controller meets the specification the UPS inverter output voltage even under the unbalanced or nonlinear load. This controller is also constructed with duble control loop of the outer voltage control loop and the inner current control loop. For the fast response of the output voltage control, yhr inner current control loop of the capacitor current os used. To get the good property against overshoot, the If controller us used. The outer voltage controller is designed with P controller and the high gain transfer function is used for the zero steady state error. All control gains of both controller is designed base on the CDM method.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• no.21
• /
• pp.107-113
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study is to suggest the materials for developing the new house style by analysing the space characteristics of wood frame houses in suburbs of Seoul. For this, we analysed 45 drawings(site plan, floor plan, elevation, section) that were designed by MICHOO, WOOD-LAND, STUGA and CHOWONJUTECK company etc. The space design characteristics that we found are as follows; 1. The wood is fragile to humidity. Therefore this characteristic is especially considered in designing the space of bathroom and utility room. 2. It is the merit of wood frame house that inner space can be designed variously by using spilt-level and the slope of roof. 3.The public space and private space are completely separated in most cases and the stair is located in the middle of house. This structure of house is short of horizontal openness. Instead, most houses gets vertical openness by making second floor on the living room opev. 4. In wood frame house as the rural house, the outer space is well used by setting up deck and balcony. The outer spaces like deck and balcony are usually used as a part of life space in connected with living room, dining room, master bed room and family room. 5. The public spaces like kitchen, living room, dining room and family room are considered so important in design that those are arranged in front in order to have good outlook and directiov.

• Sijohaknonchong
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.143-164
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to clarify that 'Kanghosasiga' is the Ynsijo which has general unification of the content and having general unification is based. on the using one definite frame. although 'Kanghosasiga' used different subject matters that have characteristics of four season in forming one theme. The definite frame is divided into two frames, inner frame and outer frame. Outer frame is common in four works, and it represents the place in which the speaker lives(강호), speaker (이몸), relationship between speaker and the king(군은), the condition of 'kangho' and speaker. And in this paper, the generative condition of phrases is so analyzed that the compression and the simplicity of expression are explained, and the purpose of generative phrases is so analyzed that satisfaction at life is represented. It is considered if it is possible to extended to '태평성대(the happy era)' in the social view. Inner frame is the detail structure of content of the work. Each of the first, second, third of the verses of four works have common structure. After analyzing each content, the characteristic of 'Kanghosasiga' was explained. The first of verses of 'Kanghosasiga' represent gusto of the four season. The second is constructed with 'the clause that functions as instruction' because 'speaker' that is the words that functions as index, and represents in detail gusto of the first. The third is connotative expression connected with the second. The third implies purpose that the writer try to gain private living with formal viewpoint. The structure of the inner frame of 'Kanghosasiga' shows a process; 'introducing season' $\to$ 'gusto about season' $\to$ 'enjoying with season' $\to$ 'peace in mind'. The first of verses of 'Kanghosasiga' is the clue of the second. The second is the reaction of the first. The third has character as estimation of the forepart. The structure of the outer frame can be shown if the structure of the inner frame has '감군은‘(being grateful to king's grace). ultimate purpose of the writer is to praise king's administration.