• Plant Resources
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2000

The opening process of cut calla flower was faster at 30 t than at lower temperatures as it could be expected from its tropical origin. Gibberellin enhanced the flower opening, however, it also speeded up senescent. Silver thiosulfate was effective in prolonging the vase life of the cut calla flower. Silver thiosulfate reduced ethylene generation by the flower and inhibited microbial growth in the flower stalk. Reduction in ethylene generation and inhibition of microbial growth is thought to be responsible for the extension of the vase life of cut calla flowers by silver thiosulfate.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.421-426
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to propose an export strategy due to an analysis of USA and Japan consumer's perception and willingness-to-pay for flower tea. For that, we conducted a survey on the consumer's perception on flower tea compared with leaf tea such as green tea. We also analyzed the willingness to purchase and pay for it. The reasons of drinking of flower tea for USA consumer are 'flavor'-followed by 'taste', and for Japanese consumer 'relaxation'-followed by 'flavor' in order. Both of them consider 'quality', 'safety'- and 'origin' in order when they purchase flower tea. USA consumers have a willingness-to-pay of about 8.3% and Japanese consumers have a willingness-to-pay of about 29.1%. Based on those results, it is necessary to differentiate the process and marketing strategies for the export of flower tea.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2009

동양꽃꽂이는 고대에 신에게 헌화한 공화양식으로 좌우대칭의 삼존형식의 엄격한 삼각형의 조형미를 갖추고 있었으며 침봉을 사용하여 꽃을 고정하므로 쉽게 꽂을 수 있었다. 서양꽃꽂이는 이집트시대에 꽃을 연속반복으로 쌓아 올려 원추형의 형태를 이루어 현재 vertical form의 근원으로 보고 있다. 그리이스 시대에는 부드러운 S라인 형식을 주로 사용하였고, 로마시대에는 꽃들의 중심을 풍성하고 화려하게, 갈수록 낮고 가늘며 긴 수평형으로 연결하였다. 페르시아 시대에는 동양의 삼존형식과 비슷한 triangular 조형을 나타내고 있다. 그리고 르네상스 시대에 꽃꽂이도 고전의 바탕위에 기본형이 창조되었으며, 19세기말 동양미술의 온화한 색과 단순미, 사실적 묘사 등에 영향을 받아 20세기 미국을 중심으로 양적 mass에서 공간미학까지 꽃꽂이의 영역이 광범위하게 표현되는 art nouveau 시대로 이어졌다. 서양꽃꽂이는 조형성에 기초를 두는 것은 동양꽃꽂이와 같으나 자연성이 거의 무시되고 실용성에 근거를 삼는 것이 특징이다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.129-138
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• 1984

Floral structures of 11 korean lauraceous species belonging to six genera have been studied. Machilus is a primitive genus having relatively large bisexual flower, six tepals and staminodes in fourth whorl of stamen. The flowers of Neolitsea are highly reduced state as unisexual flower, six stamens arranged to three whorls and no staminode in the flower, so regared as more advanced group. Intrafamilial classification systems of Nakai (1939) and Pax (1891) are more reasonable but still have some discrepancies with results. The origin of tepals of this group has been a long controversial problem; whether the differentiation of tepals occur. Teratological study of Lindera erythrocarpa, inner tepals of this group must be originated from the staminode and outer tepals from leafy tepals. Although morphological differentiation does not sitll occur, inner and outer whorls of tepals are originated through different way.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2023

Objectives : This paper investigates the background, meaning and origin of the descriptions of the Heart such as 'seven orifices', 'sanmao', 'saw-toothed four layered lines' that are unique to the diagram in the Donguibogam. Methods : First the Heart diagram of the Donguibogam was compared with other Zhangfu diagrams of the past. Materials related to unique features in the descriptions of the Heart in the Donguibogam were collected, against which descriptive features were analyzed. Results : Of the many unique features, the descriptive basis of the 'seven orifices' could be found in the Qixingban[七星板] as a physical entity reflecting basic anatomical knowledge. The 'sanmao', which is compared to the Santaixing[三台星], could be understood as a non-physical entity whose descriptive basis could be found in the Xinxuetu of the Xinching. It could be assumed that the 'saw-toothed four layered lines' are likened to the multi-layered petals or calyx of a lotus flower bud to describe the Pericardium, or to the multiple walls of a mountain fortress surrounding a palace to describe the Danzhong, which is the chest cavity. These features could be understood as results of spiritualism influence. Conclusions : It could be concluded that Heo Jun, in his attempt to describe the Heart in more detail than previous diagrams of the Zangfu, referenced popular texts and images based on anatomical knowledge of previous texts, added varied descriptions resulting in a new diagram with a completely different origin.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.63-90
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• 2011

Safflower is a world-wide plant for multiple uses. flower of safflower is honghwa(紅花) which has been used for heart disease in oriental medicine. but its seed was not used in oriental medicine. after the publication of "Shinyak(神藥)" - the late 1980s, its seed(紅花子, hongwhassi) was known as good for bone fracture, osteoporosis and menopausal disorders. so many researchers studied hongwhassi and delivered lots of papers. the concern of each paper is different. this paper is a review paper. this paper studied documentary records about hongwhassi, and analyzed hongwhassi research trend. the trend consists of cultivation, ingredient analysis, osteoporosis, atherosclerosis, periodontal ligament and phytoestrogen. many papers lack of information about plant origin. so this paper supplements the standard form of plant origin(when sowing, where grow up, which direction, what kind etc).

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.801-805
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• 2003

밤꿀의 밀원이 되는 밤꽃에서 SDE 추출법과 GC-FID 및 GC/MS 분석방법으로 122종의 휘 발성 성분을 분리ㆍ동정하였다. 밤꽃의 휘발성분 조성은 전체 향기성분 중 alcohol류가 36.58%로 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 그 다음으로 15종의 hydrocarbon류, 20종의 terpene류와 유도체, 7종의 ketone류,24종의 aldehyde류, 12종의 ester류, 4종의 acid류, 3종의 furan류와 2종의 기타 화합물 순으로 구성되어 있음이 확인되었다. 밤꽃 휘발성분의 주성분은 전 체 peak area의 18.6%을 구성하는 1-phenylethanol과 (E)-geraniol, tricosane, heneicosane, benzyl alcohol, acetophenone, 2-phenylethanol 등으로 방향족 alcohol과 홀수탄소로 구성 된 포화탄화수소들이었다. 밤꽃 추출물의 휘발성분에는 밤꿀의 밀원을 판단할 수 있게끔 하는 marker로써 사용가능성을 지닌 1-phenyl-ethanol과 acetophenone이 주성분으로 구성되어있으며, 밤꽃의 특징적인 강한 동물취와 꽃향이 혼합된 형태의 향 특성은 nonanal 등에 기인한다고 판단되었다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제35권
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• pp.58-81
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• 2002

This article exemines YEON-GA(煙家), a kind of chimney head cover, made and used during the Baekjae Period. YEON-GA was recently excavated in Buyo and Iksan, and it generally accepted as a kind of pottery stand. However, this paper will argue that it functioned as a chimney head cover during the Baekjae Period. The design of YEON-GA is the lotus flower bud which were popular during the Sabi-Baekjae Period.It seems highly likely that it functioned to ornament a chimney head and to send up smoke smoothly. It was also found that, beside a chimnery head cover, a chimney body was made and used. It is very difficult to trace the origin of YEON-GA but it seems that it had been used until the Chosun Dynasty, based on the historical documents.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2016

Exosomes are homogenous vesicles of 40-100 nm diameter produced endogenously. Exosomes are generated by inward budding into multi-vesicular bodies (MVB) and then released to extracellular space. Exosomes contain various nucleic acid and protein cargoes from their cells of origin and this endosomal cellular molecules are used for intracellular communication and for both promotion and suppression of immune responses. Recently, they are also considered as delivery vehicle for therapeutic proteins due to their characteristics of stability in body fluids and ability for target uptake. Also, they show less immune reactivity because the isolated exosome harboring therapeutic proteins can be from the same host. White-spotted flower chafer, Protaetia brevitarsis is one of the major insect commercially reared in Korea. There are bacterial and fungal pathogens causing diseases in the beetle, and these diseases incur economic loss to the larva-rearing farms. Due to their endosomal cargoes, exosomes are good candidates in use of disease diagnosis. In this study, we isolated insect exosome from the hemolymph of P. brevitarsis, and verified it by analysis of the exosome-specific surface proteins and RNA.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2005

Dandelions have been reported to have medicinal properties and bioactive components that impact human health. However, the precise biological properties of dandelions and the parts of the plants possessing bioactive components remain uncertain. In this study, we evaluated 3 different types of dandelions based on their cultivation origin (Songpa, Uiryung, and native Uiryung types) as well as their 4 different plant parts (leaf, flower, root, skin). Each sample was extracted with $80\%$ methanol and then compared for the biological activities (anti-oxidative, immune cell proliferative and tumor cell growth inhibitory activities). All 3 types of dandelions possessed a degree of biological functions including the hydroxyl radical scavenger activity, immune cell proliferative activity and tumor cell growth inhibitory activity. However, there was no significant difference in these activities between the 3 dandelion types. Leaves of all three dandelion types showed the highest levels of all biological activities. To a lesser degree, the flower and root parts displayed biological activities. In the skin parts, anti-oxidative activity was also detected only at higher doses of dandelion extracts. Heating the dandelion leaf extract did not affect the biological activity, suggesting a heat-stable nature of the biological compounds. Taken together, these collective data suggest that dandelions, in particular their leaves, possess a high concentration of heat-resistant biological compounds, which are responsible for anti-oxidative, immune cell proliferative and tumor cell growth-inhibitory activities.