• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.670-675
• /
• 2004

We have examined the effects of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), prostaglandin $E_2$ (PG $E_2$) and dibutric cyclic AMP (dbcAMP) on the methylation of interferon- ${\gamma}$ (IFN- ${\gamma}$ ) gene in human Jurkat T cells. The CpG dinucleotide which is critical for promoter function of IFN- ${\gamma}$ gene was methylated by treatment with SNAP, PG $E_2$ and dbcAMP, respectively. The DNA methylation induced by PG $E_2$ was suppressed by the addition of 2',5'-dideoxyadenosine (DDA), an inhibitor of adenylyl cyclase, but the suppression was not observed in SNAP treated cells. The NO production was not enhanced in PG $E_2$ or dbcAMP treated cells. The methylation induced by PG $E_2$ and dbcAMP was not suppressed by the addition of $N^{G}$-methyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), NO synthase inhibitor. In conclusion, the inhibition of INF- ${\gamma}$ gene expression by PG $E_2$ was associated with the methylation of INF- ${\gamma}$ gene by elevation of intracellular cAMP in human Jurkat T cells. However, the methylation induced by PG $E_2$ might not be mediated through the NO production.rough the NO production.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.43 no.6
• /
• pp.1105-1121
• /
• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to explore the effectiveness and safety of frequently used clinical herbal medicines (Yijung-tang [Lizhong-tang, LJT], Pyeongwi-san [Pingwei-san, PWS], and Shihosogan-tang [Chaihu Shugan-tang, SST]) in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) when administered according to herbal medicine and Korean medicine pattern identification. The results of this study will be used to standardize the diagnostic instrument used in Korean medicine and to investigate biomarkers of Korean medicine pattern identification. Methods: This study will be a randomized, assessor-blind, 3-arm, parallel, open-label, multi-center clinical trial. A total of 300 FD participants will be recruited from 3 Korean medical hospitals and assigned to the LJT (n=100), PWS (n=100), and SST (n=100) groups according to FD pattern identification. The patients will take the medication for 8 weeks, 3 times a day, before or between meals. The primary outcome will be total dyspepsia symptom (TDS) and the secondary outcomes will be adequate relief (AR) for dyspepsia, overall treatment effect (OTE), visual analogue scale (VAS), functional dyspepsia-related quality of life (FD-QoL), gastrointestinal symptom score (GIS), and pattern identification questionnaires. For the exploratory outcomes, we will analyze blood and fecal metabolome profiles, microbiota from fecal and saliva samples, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), and results of Korean medicine diagnosis device measurements (heart rate variability, and tongue, pulse, and abdominal diagnosis). Conclusions: The results of this study will prove objectivity for Korean medicine pattern identifications, and the effectiveness and safety of herbal medicines for the population with FD.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.25 no.5
• /
• pp.648-657
• /
• 2015

H9, a novel herbal extract, demonstrated cytotoxicity in A549 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. In this study, we investigated whether H9, and/or co-treatment with an anticancer drug, pemetrexed (PEM), inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c nude mice models bearing A549 NSCLC cells. The mice were separated into groups and administered H9 and PEM for 2 weeks. Protein and mRNA levels were detected using western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, respectively; immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed on the tumor tissues. H9 and co-treatment with PEM induced the cleavage of proapoptotic factors, such as caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and poly(ADP)-ribose polymerase (PARP). Expression levels of cell-death receptors involving Fas/FasL, TNF-related apoptosisinducing ligands (TRAIL), and TRAIL receptors were increased by H9 and co-treatment with PEM. Furthermore, analysis of levels of cell-cycle modulating proteins indicated that tumor cells were arrested in the G1/S phase. In addition, the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt survival signaling pathways were inhibited by H9 and co-treatment with PEM. In conclusion, H9 and co-treatment with PEM inhibited tumor growth in BALB/c nude mice models bearing A549 NSCLC cells. These results indicate that H9 and co-treatment with PEM can be used as an anticancer therapy in NSCLC.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in brain activities when Neurodevelopmental treatment (NDT) is used alone compare to NDT is combined with intradermal acupuncture (IDA) treatment, using functional infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) Methods Three children less than 7 year-old with cerebral palsy were participated. On their first visit, only NDT was used. After a week, they were treated with both NDT and IDA. During the treatment, fNIRS was used to measure any changes in their brain activities. Results In first patient with NDT, oxyhemoglobin level was increased during Standing exercise and Gait training compared to resting state. When the patient was treated with NDT and IDA, oxyhemoglobin level was decreased during Standing exercise and Gait training compared to resting state, and the result was significant (p<0.05). In second patient, oxyhemoglobin level was decreased in Gait training compared to resting state when NDT was used, but the level was increased when NDT and IDA were used in Gait training compared to resting state (p<0.05). In third patient, the difference in oxyhemoglobin levels between Gait training and resting state was significant (p<0.05). Conclusions Treatment involving both NDT and IDA has more potential to improve brain activities compared to that of NDT alone, and no adverse effect was reported. In order to confirm the finding, larger scale randomized controlled trials are needed.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.97-113
• /
• 2023

Objectives This study examined the trends in domestic and international research on the treatment of sarcopenia and analyzed the effectiveness of the treatment. Based on the results, we suggest directions for future Korean medicine research on sarcopenia. Methods The study was conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's scoping review methodology. It included three international databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library) and five domestic databases (Korean studies Information Service System, Korean Medical database, Oriental Medicine Advanced Search Integrated System, Research Information Sharing Service, ScienceON) were used. Literatures published until April 30, 2023, including the contents of 'sarcopenia' and Korean Medicine treatment', were searched. Results A total of 45 studies were included in the analysis. The number of studies on Korean medicine treatments for sarcopenia is steadily increasing, with the majority of studies coming from Asian countries. Of the 45 studies, 30 were conducted in the field of medicine, and the study design was analyzed into 10 clinical studies and 35 non-clinical studies. Among the 10 clinical studies, the most common treatment interventions were herbs (n=4), followed by Daoist exercises (n=3). The most common diagnostic criteria used in clinical studies were those published by the Asian working group for sarcopenia, and various physical examinations and laboratory tests were used as outcome measures. Conclusions The future direction of Korean medicine research on sarcopenia should be to expand the number of clinical studies applying Korean medicine treatment interventions.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.166-173
• /
• 2009

Cyclosporine(CsA) is an immunosupressant drug widely used in post-allogeneic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system and so the risk of organ rejection. It has been studied in transplants of skin, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, bone marrow and small intestine. Initially isolated from a Norwegian soil sample, Both kidney and liver dysfunction are prominent side effects of CsA. The present study was designed to determine the possible protective effect of salidroside(Sal) isolated from the BuOH extract of Acer termentosum Max against oxidative damage in CsA-treated(50 mg/kg, ip) nephrotoxicity rats. Results showed oral administration of methanol and butanol extact of Acer termentosum Max(200 mg/kg, po) significantly reduced activities of marker enzymes(BUN, Creatinine) and LDH activity in serum to CsA induced experimental kidney injured rats. And significantly decrcease of protein amount level in urine and activities of free radical formation enzyme were significantly improved by the treatment of Sal. And significantly decrcease of MDA level in kidney and activities of calalase, glutathione peroxidation and SOD were significantly improved by the treatment of Sal(20 mg/kg, po). But glutathione concentration and glutathione S-transferase actitity was not affected. Results of this study revealed that Sal could afford a significant protection in the alleviation of CsA-induced nephrotoxicity injury.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.127-130
• /
• 2008

In the present study, we obtained an extract from the dried stem of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn by using 85% methanol (MeOH extract of S. suberectus; MSS) and investigated its radical scavenging effects in vitro and its protective effect against $CCl_4-induced$ liver damage in rats. MSS scavenged the 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl radical almost completely and inhibited $FeSO_4-induced$ lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the liver homogenate. Oral administration of MSS significantly reduced the serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase and inhibited LPO in the liver tissue after $CCl_4$ treatment in rats. These results suggest that S. suberectus could be a candidate agent for the treatment of diseases related to oxidative stress.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.30 no.2
• /
• pp.17-24
• /
• 2013

Objectives : To broaden understanding about meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture on headache and to evaluate the effect of meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture on headache. Methods and Results : From Feb. 2012 to Jan. 2013, the 64 patients were outpatients for treatment of headache in Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine, Traditional Korean Medical Hospital, Semyung University and treated with meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture. To evaluate the effect of meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture, we devide 3groups(21 occipital-headache patients, 27 temporal-headache patients, 16 frontal-headache patients) upon pain area and search pain intensity(VAS were used), different frequency, duration time. As a result, headache are improved remarkably within two weeks. Conclusions : Meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture was found to be helpful to patients who wish to recover from headache. In order to make this meridian tendino-musculature acupuncture more available, we should pay more attention to improving treatment appliance and acupuncture techniwue.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.26-39
• /
• 2014

Objective : This study was carried out to analyze the trends of Acne related articles that have been published in the Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology & Dermatology(JKOOD). Method : We studied 29 research papers relevant to Acne that published in JKOOD from 1998 to 2013. All the paper were classified into three categories; original article, review article and case report. We sub-classified the original articles into three categories; descriptive study, analytic study and experimental study. We analyzed the case report according to various types of treatment. Results : 1. The number of searched journals is 29 papers; 17 original ordicles, 4 review articles, 8 case reports. 2. Classification of 17 original articles into three categories; 10 experimental studies, 7 descriptive studies, 0 analytic study. 3. Method of Evaluation; Korean Acne Grading System(KAGS) is used frequently in descriptive studies and experimental studies. 4. Treatment in Case reports; 7 Case reports used External medical treatments. Conclusions : It is needed to develop the methods of grading system in acne related to Oriental medicine to obtain objectivity of studies. The number of analytic study, clinical trial and experimental study is need to increase.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2014

Objectives: This study evaluated the single-dose toxicity of Saeng Maek San (SMS) in rats. Methods: All experiments were conducted at Biotoxtech (Chungwon, Korea), an institute authorized to perform non-clinical studies under the regulations of Good Laboratory Practice (GLP). A single-dose intravenous toxicity study was carried out on 40 6-week-old Sprague-Daley rats. The animals were randomly divided into the following four groups of ten animals each: Group 1 (G1) was the control group, with each animal receiving an intravenous injection of 1.0 mL of saline, and Groups 2, 3 and 4 (G2, G3 and G4) were the experimental groups, with the animals in the groups receiving an injection of 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mL of SMS, respectively. Mortality, clinical signs, body-weight changes and gross pathological findings were observed for 14 days following a single administration of SMS or saline. Organ weights, clinical chemistry and hematology were analyzed at 14 days. This study was conducted with the approval of the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee. Results: No deaths occurred in any of the four groups, indicating that the lethal dose of SMS in rats is greater than 1.0 mL/animal. Some changes in weights of male rats between the control group and the experimental groups were observed, but no significant changes in the weights of female rats were noted. To identify abnormalities in organs and tissues, we stained representative sections of each specified organ with hematoxylin and eosin for examination with a light microscope. No significant abnormalities were observed in any of the organs or tissues. Conclusion: The results suggest that intravenous injection of SMS is a safe method of treatment.